八年级上册第九单元

1. When was she born？她是什么时候出生的？
【句法分析】When was sb. born?是询问某人何时出生的句型,be born意为“出生”，为被动结构，在使用时be常用过去式was、或were.
eg:-When was he born？他是fl么时候出生的？
-He was born on September 10th, 1985．他出生于1985年9月10号。

表示在月份，在年份，用介词in，表示在具体的某一天用介词on.
【拓展】若问出生地点，则用where
eg:-Where were you born？你在哪儿出生的？
一I was born in Linyi．我出生于临沂。

若问何时何地出生则用when and where，而不用where and when,
【链接中考】1. -When was Michael Phelps born?
-He was born ___________June,1985. (2010，福州）
A. in
B. on
C. at
2. How long did Charles Smith hiccup?查尔斯·史密斯打隔打了多久？
（1）how long意为“多久；多长时间”，用以询问某动作持续的时间，必须与延续性动词连用，表示动作或状态要持续多久。

其答语为表示一段时间的名词性短语。

常对“for＋一段时间", from... to.... , since...,
tit！等表时间的状语提问。

eg：一How long did you sleep last night？你昨晚睡了多长时间？
-For about nine hours．大约九个小时。

（2）how long还可以用来询问长度
eg; How long is this street？这条街有多长？
【链接中考】-___________were you away from school last term?
-More than two weeks.（2010，厦门）
A. How often
B. How long
C. How soon
3. When did he start hiccupping？他什么时候开始打隔的？
【句法分析】本句是一个由when引导的特殊疑问句，时态为一般过去时。

when意为“什么时候”，可对yesterday, this morning, two years ago, tomorrow, in spring, in October,on June first,on Sunday, at 4:00等表示时间的状语提问,其中，对具体的点时刻如at 3.00,at about 7:00等提问时也可用what time“几点”。

eg: -When did you move here？你什么时候搬到这儿来的？
一Two days ago.两天前。

一What time/When did you get up this morning？你今早几点起床的？
一At six o'clock．六点钟。

【重点词汇解析】start/start/ v．开始，着手eg:It started raining．天开始下雨了。

start意为“开始；着手”，为动词，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或不定式，start doing sth或start to do sth．意为…‟开始做某事”。

其同义词为begin,begin doing sth．与begin to do sth.，多数情况下，没有什么大区别。

（1）start作动词，也可意为“出发；启程；动身”。

eg;They started at 6:00 and got there at 9:00．他们六点钟出发九点钟到达那儿。

（2）start作动词，还可意为“创办；开设”。

eg: He started a new shop last year.去年他新开了一家商店。

，
4. When did he stop hiccupping？他什么时候停止打喃的？
【重点语法】
（1）stop doing sth,停止正在做的事
eg. Will you please stop smoking?请停止抽烟好吗？
Stop singing ! It‟s time for class!是上课的时间了，停止唱歌！
（2）stop后还可接动词不定式构成短语，stop to do sth.，意为“停止正在做的某事，去做另外一件事”。

eg: Stop to listen to me！停下来，听我讲！
When I'm playing computer games, Dad asks me to stop to do my homework.
我正在玩电脑游戏，爸爸叫我停下来去做家庭作业。

【拓展】后面接动词的-ing形式和动词不定式时意义完全不同的动词还有：forget, remember,go on等。

forget doing sth．忘记做过某事（事已做）
forget to do sth．忘记去做某事（事未做）
remember doing sth．记得做过某事（事已做）
remember to do sth．记得去做某事（事未做）
go on doing sth．继续做同一件事
go on to do sth．继续做另一件事
5. Y ou are never too young to start doing things．你多早开始做事都不为过。

【重点结构】too... to…太……而不能……
eg: She is too young to go to school．她太小了，不能去上学。

too... to…结构中too是副词，后跟形容词或副词，to是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。

【拓展】①too... to…结构可以和（not) enough to do或so... that…两种结构相互转换：
eg: The man is too old to do the work.＝The man is not young enough to do the work. =The man is so old that he can't do the work．这个人年纪太大了不能做那项工作。

②在too... to…结构中，若不定式的宾语与句子中的主语是同一人或物时，不定式的宾语应省去。

eg: This sweater is too big for me to wear.（不可以说This sweater is too big for me to wear it.）这件毛衣太大了，我不能穿。

③在too... to…结构中，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词，则应在动词后加上适当的介词。

eg:The ice is too thin to skate on.（不可以说The ice is too thin to skate.）冰太薄，不能在上面滑冰。

谚语One is never too old to learn．活到老，学到老。

【链接中考】3. Nick was so tired that he couldn't walk any further.（改为同义句）
Nick was________ __________ __________ __________any further. (2010，连云港）
6. For example, Tiger Woods started golfing when he was only ten months old．例如，当
泰格·伍兹只有10个月大的时候就开始打高尔夫球了。

【教你一招】本句中的when作连词，引导的是一个时间状语从句。

它用一件事情的发生作为另一件事情发生的时间，在写作中，我们也可以使用when引导的时间状语从句来作为另一件事情发生的时间。

7. When did she become a movie star？她是什么时候成乃影星的？
become v．变成；成为
eg: He wants to become an engineer when he grows up．他长大了想当一名工程师。

become常用作系动词，后接形容词或名词作表语，意为“变得；成为”。

其过去式为became.
【辨析】become,turn与grow
（1）become一般指身体、职位的变化。

eg: His health is becoming better．他的身体正在好转。

（2）turn指颜色或性质等的变化。

eg: The leaves turn yellow in autumn．秋天树叶会变黄。

（3）grow表示“变化”时，指变化的过程“渐渐地变为”，多指生长性变化。

eg: My grandparents are growing old．我的爷爷、奶奶渐渐变老f.
8. learned to ride a bicycle学习骑自行车
【重要结构】learn to do sth．学习干某事
eg：Tom learned to play the guitar at the age of ten．汤姆在十岁时学习了弹吉他：
【拓展】learn from…意为“向某人学习，从某处获得知识’，。

eg: We should learn from Lei Feng．我们应该向雷锋学习。

learn of意为“听说；了解到……”。

eg:l learned of the news this afternoon．我今天下午听说了这个消息。

9. It was a comedy called…这是一部叫……的喜剧。

【句法分析】“called+名称”，是过去分词短语作后置定语来修饰名词，意为“被叫做……被称为……”，此处可用named 代替。

eg:This is a street called(named) Heping Street．这条街被称为和平大街。

Section B & Self Check
1. He spends all his free time with his grandson．他所有的空闲时间都与他的孙子一起度过。

spend/spend/v．花费；度过
eg: He spent his weekend in Paris．他在巴黎度过了周末。

I've spent all my money already．我已经把钱全部都花完了。

I spend too much time(in) watching TV．我看电视花的时间太多了。

How long did you spend on your homework？你做家庭作业用了多长时间？
spend作“花（时间／金钱），用”解时，其后可直接加名词，也可在时间或金钱后加具体的内容或动作，其结构为：spend some time/money
some time/money (in)doing sth./on sth.
表示：某人花时间（金钱）或某人花时间（金钱）做某事（或在某物上）。

【拓展】在表达“做某事花费多少时间，，时，可以和It takes sb. some time to do sth．句型互换。

但take不可用于“花费金钱”。

eg:It took me an hour to do my homework.
=I spent an hour doing my homework．我做作业花了一个小时。

［链接中考】It's nice of you to___________so much time showing me around your
school. (2010，安徽）
A. take
B. spend
C. cost
D. have
2. I saw her play when I was eight．我八岁时看过她的演出。

see sb. do sth．看到某人做了某事
eg:I saw him come into the classroom，我看见他走进了教室。

I saw her talk with her mother．我看到她和她的妈妈谈话。

see s6. do sth．意为“看到某人做了某事”，指动作的全过程,do是省去不定式符号to的动词原形，在这里作宾语的补足语。

【拓展】see sb. doing sth．则表示“看到某人正在做某事”，doing作宾语的补足语，表示动作正在进行。

eg.I saw them playing football on the playground．我看见他们在操场上踢足球。

I see him cleaning the blackboard.我看到他正在擦黑板。

see sb. do sth.姑构变被动语怎叶动词不定式结构to不能省略。

eg. He was seen to play the guitar.他被看到弹吉他了。

3. Li Y undi, a well-known Chinese pianist, always loved music．中国著名的钢琴家李云迪一直热爱音乐。

well-known, adj．众所周知；有名的；出名的
eg: Jiang Qinqin is a well-known actress．蒋勤勤是一个著名的演员。

(l )be well-known for意为“因……而闻名”，其中for表示原因，相当于be famous for.
eg:The place is well-known for its hot springs。

这个地方以温泉出名：
(2)be welt-known as意为“作为……而出名”，其后常接表示身份的名词。

相当于be famous as.
eg: Her mother is well-known as a model teacher．她妈妈是位有名的模范教师。

4.He began to learn the accordion at the age of four, and he started to learn the piano when he was seven．
他四岁时开始学手风琴，七岁时开始学钢琴。

at the age of…在……岁时
eg: He could swim very well at the age of seven.
=He could swim very well when he was seven．在七岁时，他就可以游泳游得很好。

at the age of…后接基数词，表示“在....岁时”，相当于when所引导的时间状语从句。

5.In October 2000,1.i Y undi took part in the 14th Chopin International Piano Competition in Poland.
2000年10月李云迪参加了在波兰举行的第14届肖帮国际钢琴比赛。

take part in…参加……；参与……
eg: Did you take part in the sports meeting？你参加运动会了吗？
【辨析】take part in与join
(1)take part in…指参加群众性的活动、会议、考试、竞赛、讨论、游行等。

eg:The player took part in the 26th Olympic Games.
那位选手参加了第26届奥运会。

Our teacher took part in the debate yesterday．我们的老师参加T昨天的辩论。

(2) join意为“参加”，指加人某党派、团体，成为其中一员，后面也可以跟us, them, the young workers等表示一群人的词或短语，表示参与到一群人的活动中去。

eg: My dream is to join the army when I grow up．我的梦想是长大以后参军。

Will you come and join us in the game?来和我们一块玩好吗？
(3)join in与take part in相同，指参加某项活动。

eg. Did you join in the game?
= Did you take part in the game？你参加比赛了吗？
6. He was also the first Chinese pianist in the 70-year history of the competition to win this prize．
他还是自此项比赛设立70年来第一位赢得此项殊荣的中国钢琴家。

【教你一招】本句中的also在文中起过渡作用，使上句自然而然的过渡到了本句，使文章上下句衔接得很流畅。

我们在写作时，也可以使用also这样的词，使文章过渡自然、流畅。

【句法分析】本句中的the first ... to do…意为“第一个干……的人”。

动词不定式作定语修饰前面的名词或代词，并且名词前的序数词first可以换用其他序数词。

eg: He is always the first boy to get to school every day.
他总是每天第一个到学校的男孩。

She was the third one to reach the top of the mountain．她是第三个到达山顶的人。

（1）70-year history七＋年的历史
70-year作定语，为复合形容词。

由“数词＋名词＋形容词”或“数词＋名词”组成的结构作定语时，通常中间用连字符“-”, 名词应该用单数。

eg: a 12-year-old girl一个12岁的女孩an 800-word letter一封800字的信
7. Is the person a man or a woman？那个人是男的还是女的？
【句法分析】本句是一个选择疑问句，句中两个并列的选择成分用or连接，并且答语不能用yes或no来回答，而是用事实回答。

eg：一Whose bag is this,Sarah's or V ivian's?
这是谁的包，莎拉的还是维维安的？
一It's Sarah's．是莎拉的。

8. Is he alive？他还活着吗？
alive, adj．活着的，在世的eg: That dog is still alive．那条狗还活着
living, lively与alive
(1)living作形容词，意为“活着的，现存的”，可作表语或定语。

eg: Both plants and animals are living things．植物和动物都是生物。

Is your grandfather still living？你爷爷还健在吗？
(2)lively作形容词，意为“活泼的；有生气的”，既可作定语也可作表语，既指人也指物
eg: Lucy is an intelligent and lively girl.露西是一个聪慧而充满活力的女孩。

(3)alive为表语形容词，指人时作表语可与living互换。

eg:I'm afraid he is no longer alive.恐怕他不在人世了。

alive可以作后置定语。

eg: He is the greatest writer alive in England．他是英国活着的最伟大的作家。

9. He stopped playing soccer because of his sore back.因为背疼他停止了踢球。

because of因为；由于eg: We didn't play football because of the bad weather.
因为天气恶劣我们没有踢足球。

【区分】because of与because
(1)because of该短语为介词短语，后接名词、动名词或代词，不能接从句。

其引导的短语在句中充当原因状语。

eg: Lucy didn't come to your birthday party because of her headache．因为头疼露西没来参加你的生日聚会。

(2)because为从属连词，用于引导原因状语从句。

用why提问时，只能用because回答。

eg:-Why were you late for school？你上学为什么迟到了？
一Because I got up too late and didn't catch the bus.
因为我起床太晚了没赶上公共汽车。

(3)在同一个句子中不能同时出现because和so.
当堂巩固Section A
一、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词
1. "W_________were you born?""I was born in 199
2.”
2. He holds the world r___________for sneezing.
3. He b____________a professional（职业的）football player when he was sixteen.
4. For e__________,Deng Y aping started to play table tennis at the age of five.
5. Y ou're n_____________ too old to learn.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. "When _____________your brother born'?""He __________ (be) born in 1991.”
2. Shirley Temple__________ (go) to her first movie at the age of three.
3. Ronaldo is a famous____________（Brazil) soccer player.
4. He started_____________ (hiccup) one hour ago.
5. The girl__________ (start)___________(go) to school last year.
6. He was a little tired,so he stopped ___________(have) a rest,
7.When__________(be)the twins born?
8.Let's go__________ (swim).
9. The little baby is too young ____________(walk).
10. He____________(begin) playing football two years ago.
三、句型转换
1. He was born in Beijing in 1988.（对画线部分提问）
_________and__________was he born?
2. Wu Peng learned English for about three years.（对画线部分提问）
_________ ___________did Wu Peng learn English?
3. The water is too cold for us to swim in.（改为同义句）
The water is_________cold__________we________swim in it.
4. . I learned to cook when I was seven years old.（对画线部分提问）
_________ __________you________ to cook?
5.too, to, walk, he, tired, was, farther（连词成句）
___________________________________________________________.
四、单项选择
1. His sister is_________young to look after herself.
A. too
B. very
C. so
D. quite
2. Last night I watched a movie_________ Hero.
A. calls
B. calling
C. called
D. to call
3．一________did you play the piano?一For about three months.
A. How
B. How often
C. How soon
D. How long
4. I learned___________the violin from Mr Wang.
A. play
B. to play
C. playing
D. played
5. I was too tired. And I had to stop a short rest.
A. to have
B. having
C. have
D. had
Section B& Self Check
一、英汉互译
1．体育明星____________________2. at the age of______________________
3．世界纪录____________________4. national team______________________
5．太……以致不能……____________________6. singing competition___________________ 7．参加_________________8. because of________________
9．主修_________________10.70-year history_______________________
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Who___________(win)first prize at last?
2. I often saw her__________(play) the violin when I was a child.
3. He can play the piano well. He is a very____________ (usual）boy.
4. My family___________(tour) Shanghai last month.
5. She spent her whole life___________ (look)after the poor children.
6. Li Ping enjoys____________ (listen)to rock music.
7. His grandfather is a kind and ___________(love) man.
8. Mary can play many____________ (piece) of music.
9. The animal is ill. But it's______________ (live).
10. Katrina____________ (take) part in the competition at the age of six.
三、句型转换
1. He usually spends an hour doing his homework in the evening.（改为同义句）
It usually_________him an hour__________do his homework in the evening.
2. Sally started playing volleyball at the age of ten.（改为同义句）
Sally started playing volleyball________she________ten.
3. They went to Beijing last year.（改为一般疑问句）
_________ they_________to Beijing last year?
4. He goes to work by bike every day.（改为同义句）
He _________ __________ _________to work every day.
5. He didn't play football any longer when he was forty years old.（改为同义句）
He _________ ___________ __________football when he was forty years old.
四、单句改错
1. I started learn English when I was six years old.______________
2. She spent too much money in clothes._____________
3. Who is the number first women's singles player in the ITTF?___________
4. Y ou look tired. Why not stop having a rest?_____________
5. What can I do become famous?_____________。