英语国家概况New_Zealand

Six stages of New Zealand as a Dominion
⑴In 1907 ,from a British colony to a separate dominion (1907年,从英国殖民地独立的统治) ⑵During World War Ⅰ,New Zealand enthusiastically backed Britain and suffered large casualties .(第一次世 界大战期间Ⅰ、新西兰热情地支持英国,遭受了巨大的人 员伤亡) ⑶In the late 1920s,encountered economy problems and took measures to solve them.(在1920年代末,遇到经 济问题和采取措施解决这些问题。) ⑷In world War Ⅱ once again suffered extraordinary casualties .(在世界大战Ⅱ再次遭受了非同寻常的伤亡。) ⑸After world War Ⅱ , New Zealand entered into a period of sustained(持续的) economy growth ,and it strengthened its relationship(关系) with the United States . ⑹In 1947, New Zealand was total independence from Britain. ⑺In1983, the term “dominion” was replaced with “realm”.
Climate
• The climate of New Zealand is generally temperate, but because the country runs northsouth, the climate is varied.
New zealand's climate is dominated by two main geographical features--the sea and the mountains.Since the small landmass of New Zealand is surrounded by a large expanse of ocean ,the climate of New Zealand is temperate oceanic,which means that the seasonal variations in New Zealand are much slighter than in continental countries.
Contents of the treaty: （条约的内容）
The impact of the treaty on New Zealand now:（条约在新西兰现在的影响）
New Zealand as a Dominion
From a colony to a dominion:
In 1907,New Zealand changed from a British colony to a separate dominion, equal in status to Australia and Canada.
生物1122
姜宗森 孙文 鞠丹 崔雨婕
Geography
• The Geographical Features: New Zealand is in the Southern Pacific Ocean, halfway between the equator and the South Pole. It is located within the Ring of Fire, a region encircling the Pacific Ocean where the movement of tectonic plates 板块 leads to volcanic and seismic[5saIzmIk] 地震 activity. • (新西兰是南太平洋，位于赤道和南极。这是 位于内的火 环，环绕在构造板块的运动导致的火山和地震活动的太平 洋地区)
Nuclear Policy and David Russell Lange
Famous Prime Minister
Government
• Independent State • Constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy(君主立宪制和议会民主制) • No written constitution, but the Constitution Act(宪 法法案) of 1986 defines the structure of the government. • Three branches of government
Colony(1840~1907)
The captain Cook
The first significant voyage（航行） of discovery was undertaken by James Cook,who began extensive exploraton of the islands in 1769 . It was Cook（库克） who proved that New Zealand consisted of two islands.Cook’s voyage eventually led to the european colonization of it. An increasing number of settlers came to New Zealand either to trade or to buy land for farming（越来越多的定居者来到新西兰的任何贸易 或买地耕作）.
The Dutch explorer
during his voyage of 1642-43 Without setting foot ashore（上岸） crew（船员） killed.
Abel Tasman The first European （阿贝尔塔斯曼）
New zealand as a Colony
The Land
• Large, long group of islands from North to South • Two main landmasses （陆地）:
– North Island – South Island – Separated by the Cook Strait（库克海峡）
– Role is mainly ceremonial, real political power is held by the Prime Minister who is head of the government(作用主要是礼仪,真正的政治权力是由总 理举行的政府)
In 1951
New Zealand signed the ANZUS Treaty（The Australia, New Zealand, United States Security Treaty澳新美公约)with the United States and Australia .
New Zealand as a Realm
History
Discovery Of New Zealand New Zealand as a Colony(作为一个殖民地) New Zealand as a Dominion(新西兰为自治领)
New Zealand as a Realm(新西兰成为王国）
Discovery
The first inhabitants
（ 第一批居民）
Polynesian（ 波利尼西亚）people, ancestors of the Maoris （毛利人） between around 700 and 2000 years ago cooperate, compete, fight with each other ——developed their distinct Moriori culture（不同 的毛利人文化.）
• Third largest Island is Stewart Island
– South of South Island
• Capital: Wellington(惠灵 顿） • Largest City: Auckland （奥克兰）
• North Island – Volcanoes(火山） Mountains • South Island – Mountain chains – Lakes, rivers, inlets （入口） • Cool, rainy, forested
– Legislative (parliament)(立法(国会)) – Executive (departments and agencies)(主管(部门和 机构)) – Judicial (courts)
• Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II(女王伊丽莎白二 世), represented by a Governor-General
New Zealand became a British colony: signing of the Treaty of Waitangi（签署怀唐伊条约）
In 1840,British representatives of the British Crown and chiefs of the native Maoris signed the Treaty of Waitangi. （ 1840，土著毛利人和英国代表英国王室的首领签署条约）
Major cities
• wellington（惠灵顿） is the captial of new zealand .located at the southern tip of the north island, it is the world's most southern captial .in terms of population ,it is new zealand's second largest city .
1. It has two main islands: North Island and South Island. Mt Cook(库克山): the highest peak, 3,754 meters high; Lake Taupo(陶波湖): the largest lake, covering 606 sq km; it is 40 km long and 27 km wide. In the surrounding area are numerous geysers and hot springs. The Clutha(该克卢撒): the largest river, 336 km long in the South Island.
Biblioteka Baidu
• Auckland(奥克兰） ,located in the northern part of the north island
• Auckland ,located in the northern part of the north island,is the largest city in new zealand .it has about 1.5 million inhabitants ,onethird of the country's entire population .in the maori language ,auckland means "the city of 100 lovers".it earned this name because it was a place desired by all and conquered by many.