4 学术论文摘要的模板和翻译
翻译学术论文摘要模版
翻译学术论文摘要模版翻译是沟通不同民族人民的思想，是探讨两种语言对应关系的一门学科。
这是店铺为大家整理的翻译学术论文摘要模版，仅供参考!翻译学术论文摘要模版篇一英语翻译探析【摘要】随着中国在经济、文化、科技等领域同国外交往的增多,特别是WTO实质化阶段的到来以及北京2008年奥运会的举办和上海2010年世界博览会的筹办,中国翻译产业正迎来一个黄金发展期。
英语翻译可看作一门科学,它有着自己的内在科学规律;英语翻译也可视为一门艺术,具有极为重要的作用,本文就英语翻译进行探析。
首先以倒译技巧和句子成份的转译技巧为例分析英译汉技巧。
其次,对英语翻译带来的思考提出了自己的建议和看法,具有一定的参考价值。
【关键词】英语翻译探析英译汉技巧1. 前言随着中国在经济、文化、科技等领域同国外交往的增多,特别是WTO实质化阶段的到来以及北京2008年奥运会的举办和上海2010年世界博览会的筹办,中国翻译产业正迎来一个黄金发展期。
近年来,翻译已经从原来的政府和事业单位、科研机构的工作发展成为专门职业。
翻译服务作为新兴的现代服务产业,正成为文化经济中仅次于教育行业的又一新兴产业。
我们以英译汉来进行探讨。
2. 英译汉技巧(1)主语分句汉译技巧。
A man spending twelve days on the moon would find ,on returning to the earth ,that a year had passed by already.一个人如果在月亮上度过了十二天,回到地球以后就会发现一年已经过去了。
(2)谓语分句汉译技巧。
It goes without saying that oxygen is the most active element in the atmosphere.不言而喻,氧气是大气中最活泼的元素。
(3)定语分句汉译技巧He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that wEighed up to two pounds each.他居然种出了二百个奇迹般的西红柿,每个重达两磅。
毕业论文英文摘要格式（共10篇）
毕业论文英文摘要格式(共10篇)篇一:毕业论文英文摘要格式毕业论文摘要英文翻译求助我正在写毕业论文,要写英文摘要,就是把中文摘要翻译成英文,因为我英文不太好.自己已翻译一次,希望高手能帮我翻译一下,谢谢大家.！摘要内容如下：农村居民点土地整治是解决我国农村居民点用地浪费、居住环境差和增加耕地面积的重要措施，然而土地整治模式的选择和土地整治潜力分析与计算是农村居民点整治规划的基础。
本研究以赤峰市喀喇沁旗为例，以乡镇为单位，在社会经济条件和农村居民点用地调查分析的基础上，通过政策分析法、文献研究法对农村居民点整治的相关理论、政策和制度进行分析总结，并借助实地调研、GIS技术、统计分析等手段，从自然地理条件、社会经济条件以及土地利用结构等方面介绍浙江省吴兴区概况，并对喀喇沁旗农村居民点用地整治模式及整治潜力进行分析和测算，得到各镇农村居民点整治潜力及潜力系数。
将喀喇沁旗农村居民点整治模式划分为城镇化引领型模式、建设中心村模式、内部整治型模式和整搬迁型模式，并将整治模式具体落实到行政村。
关键词：农村居民点整治；整治潜力；整治模式；喀喇沁旗；土地整治规划翻译软件翻出来的你也要啊？Ruralresidentiallandreclamationistosolvethewasteofruralresidentialland,poorlivingenvironmentandtheimportantmeasurestoincrease theareaof cultivated land,butland management modechoiceandland reclamation potential analysis and calculation isthe foundation oftherural residential renovation plan.This studyinchifengcity kaLaQinQi, for example,inthevillages and towns,inthesocialand economicconditions andrural residential land,onthebasisof investigation and analysis, throughpolicy analysis, literature researchonrural residential renovation relatedtheory,policyandsystem analysis,andwiththeaidofon-the-spot investigation, statistical analysisandGIS,fromthenatural geographical conditions, socialeconomic conditions andlanduse structure in zhejiang province were introduced fromthe aspects suchasWuXing area,andthe kaLaQinQipatternsofruralresidentiallandregulationandcontrolpotential analysisandcalculation,fortownsofrural settlements renovation potentialandpotential coefficient.WillkaLaQinQiruralresidentialrenovationmodeisdividedintothemodelofurbanizationleadZhongXincunmode,constructiontype,。
学术论文标题与摘要翻译
Constructing Socialist Harmonious Society
名词短语式:……分析；……反思；……研究等 酸雨问题的分析研究
An Analysis of Issues Concerning “Acid Rain” 教育哲学人们对于传世汉籍的译解和诠释有一个大 致相同之处，即为今所用、为己所用。中 国古典诗词译解方法亦秉持这种态度。就 个人积年研究所得，大致有以下四点见解 奉献给读者。
• （1）在译解诗词时，要准确理解字词的本 义或引申义，对于字词的多义性又要审慎 辨析。（2）在译解诗词时，要准确把握诗 词中意象的特色，正确地领会诗词中典故 的含义。（3）在译解时，必须把握诗词的 文体特点，既要细细梳理其篇章结构，又
• Third, one should examine carefully the stylistic features of the poetry in the sense of both delineating the structures and reading between the lines for an overall understanding of the lyric features. Fourth, one should try to get as much background information about the poets as possible by studying the social environment and their life experiences. What can also be helpful is some use of imagination when necessary.
论文写作中的英文摘要范例
论文写作中的英文摘要范例英文摘要(Abstract)是论文写作中必不可少的一部分，其作用是概括出论文的主要内容和结论，帮助读者迅速了解论文的核心观点。
本文将提供一篇关于论文写作中英文摘要的范例，以供参考。
AbstractWith the increasing globalization of academic research, it has become essential for scholars to effectively communicate their work to a wider audience. One crucial element in this process is the abstract, which summarizes the main points and findings of a research paper. In this article, we will provide an example of an English abstract for a research paper, demonstrating key elements and tips for writing an effective abstract.IntroductionThe abstract serves as a brief overview of a research paper, allowing readers to quickly grasp the purpose, methodology, and outcomes of the study. It should be concise yet informative, providing enough information to engage the reader while remaining within a specified word limit.Main BodyI. Purpose and BackgroundThe first element of an abstract is a clear statement of the research paper's purpose and its background. It should outline the rationale for the study, highlighting any research gaps or unanswered questions in the field. For example:This research aims to investigate the effects of climate change on coastal ecosystems, with a focus on marine biodiversity and coral reef health. Given the increasing threats to these ecosystems, understanding the potential impacts of climate change is crucial for effective conservation strategies.II. MethodologyThe abstract should briefly describe the methodology employed in the research. This can include the study design, data collection methods, and analytical approaches. However, detailed technical information should be avoided. For example:A combination of field surveys, laboratory experiments, and statistical analyses were conducted to assess the long-term effects of temperature increase and ocean acidification on coral reefs. Data on species diversity, abundance, and health were collected from various reefs in the Caribbean region.III. ResultsThe abstract should highlight the key findings of the research. It should summarize the outcomes and conclusions derived from the data analysis. However, specific data or numerical results should be avoided, focusing instead on general trends and significant discoveries. For example:Our study revealed a significant decline in coral species diversity and overall health in response to increased water temperatures and ocean acidification. Furthermore, we found a decrease in the abundance of commercially important fish species, indicating potential impacts on local communities dependent on coral reef resources.IV. Implications and ConclusionThe abstract should conclude with a discussion of the broader implications of the research and its significance. It should provide a concise statement summarizing the main contributions of the study to the field and any recommendations for future research or policy implications. For example:These findings highlight the urgent need for immediate actions to mitigate the effects of climate change on coastal ecosystems. Implementing measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and establishing marine protected areas can help safeguard marine biodiversity and protect the livelihoods of communities dependent on coral reef resources.ConclusionIn conclusion, writing an effective English abstract is crucial for communicating the key points and contributions of a research paper. By providing a clear purpose, concise methodology, major findings, and broader implications, the abstract serves as a concise summary of the research work, enticing readers to delve deeper into the full paper. By following the guidelines and structure provided in this example abstract, researchers can enhance their chances of effectively conveying their research to a global audience.。
论文摘要英语翻译部分格式
论文摘要英语翻译部分格式论文摘要英语翻译部分格式英文摘要和外文翻译的格式要求【1】一、总体要求要求英语语言较为地道、通顺、简练，语法正确，符合英语表达习惯，专业术语规范、准确。
外文页所有字体均为Times New Roman ，要在英文状态输入法下输入，注意标点符号是英文的。
请结合所给模版认真体会。
本说明未尽事项，请查阅相关规定。
二、英文标题题目应写在第一行的中间，题目左右两边的空白距离大致相等。
题目的第一个单词的第一个字母必须大写。
从第二个单词起，其中每个实义词的第一个字母大写，而冠词、介词和连词的第一个字母则一般小写。
如：A Day to RememberLet's Go in for Sports题目的另一种写法是所有单词的第一个字母全部用大写。
如：My Life As Factory WorkerA Walk Under The Rain写题目不要用括号或引号。
题目后除了问号和感叹号之外，不加其它标点符号。
1、冠词：位于标题头时，首字母大写;位于标题中时，全部字母小写;2、介词及连词：位于标题头时，首字母大写;位于标题中时，5个(含)以上字母的，首字母大写;4个(含)以下字母的，全部字母小写。
三、作者姓名居中，斜体;中国人姓名按照中国人习惯，姓前名后，姓全部字母大写，名第一个字母大写，若名为2个字，则2个字之间加短线“-”，作者姓名之间加逗号“·” 最后两作者之间加“and”。
⑴XIANG Hong-qiong and FENG Zhi-xin⑵YANG Xiu-hong , WU Zong-pu and ZHANG Guo-dong⑶西方国家及其它国家人的姓名按其习慣顺序排列，如：Sophie Dupont;缩写姓名时，姓要大写，之间用句号;如：J. H. Caemmere ;M. H. Thatcher(句号后面空1字符)⑷作者姓名及其排序应与中文稿一致。
四、摘要Abstract顶格(不要首行缩进)，空3个字母，然后接内容，小四号加粗;摘要正文用小四号。
论文摘要的英文翻译
论文摘要的英文翻译论文摘要的英文翻译论文摘要的英文翻译篇1With the rapid development of china's economic and improvement of people's material living standards,ethics problem is getting attention.Construction of Accountants ' professionalethics is an important part of economic management and accounting, it isfundamental to guarantee the quality of accounting information.As importantparticipants in economic and accounting information provided by accountants,their level of professional ethics, not only affects the quality of theaccounting information, but also the implementation of China's financial lawsystem, economic order maintenance and the development of our economy,therefore, strengthen the construction of Accountants ' professional ethics, itis imperative to improve the quality of accounting information.Based on theanalysis of false accounting information and accounting professional ethics inour country on the basis of the reasons for the decline, proposes to strengthenaccounting professional ethics construction, measures to improve the quality ofaccounting informatio论文摘要的英文翻译篇2Modern and contemporary literature is an important part of the development history of Chinese literature. What it pursues is to express objective facts in real language. It is this authenticity of modern and contemporary literature that makes it have an impact that can not be ignored on the structure of works in thewhole literary circle.Its main characteristics are authenticity and fidelity. All the creative materials of modern and contemporary literature come from real life. The excellent modern and contemporary literary works formed through time precipitation are also due to their practical value and the aesthetic sentiment embodied in the works. Modern and contemporary literary works should be based on telling the truth, but not all works that tell the truth can become the seat screen of modern and contemporary literature.Similarly, modern and contemporary literary works should also be creative, but only creative literary works are not completely modern and contemporary literary works. In this paper, the author will focus on the reality and creativity of modern and contemporary literary works.论文摘要的英文翻译篇3Feminist translation theory rose mainly in the 1980s, thanks to the Western women's movement and the wave of feminism. The formation and development of this theory is closely related to the "cultural turn" in translation studies. Feminist translation theory advocates the combination of translation theory and feminist movement, which is contrary to the traditional view of translation.Feminists believe that the traditional translation theory subordinates the translation to the original, which is similar to the traditional concept that women depend on men, and translation is always in a weak position. Therefore, in order to better realize the value of translation, it is advocated to change the traditional concept of "faithfulness" in translation, take translation as a way of cultural intervention and a means of cultural coordination, change the binary opposition of "authorwork, translator translation", pay attention to the symbiotic relationship between the original text and translation, and treat the author and translator equally Build a bridge of communication between the translator and the reader, that is, translation, and reflect the translator's subjective behavior in his works. Although feminist translation theory has also been criticized, the development of feminism has indelible value and contribution to modern and contemporary literary translation.Feminist translation theory, as a major school of translation theory, pays attention to gender differences in translation and changes the traditional male dominated gender subject consciousness in literary translation. Feminist translation theory takes women as the metaphor of translation, advocates re examining social culture from a female perspective in translation, and pays attention to highlighting female subject identity and female consciousness in translation works.Moreover, feminist translation theory also gives us a lot of enlightenment. For example, in the process of translation, we should grasp the real value of women, link the text with the corresponding social, historical and cultural and related texts, and pay attention to the internal relationship between the translator and the author, works and readers in literary translation, so as to make their works more image Accurate and vivid, more highly reflect its literary level and value.。
科技论文英文摘要模板
科技论文英文摘要模板篇一：论文英文摘要格式重庆科技学院高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文英文摘要宋体五号The Title of the thesis空一行ABSTRACT Times New Roman三号加粗，居中空一行Due to lack of effective ways to utilize the bottom ashes of circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFB ashes), it is difficult to use widely the advanced technology of circulating fluidized bed combustion and defulfurization. In this paper, the properties of the CFB ashes are systematically analyzed and then a series of methods are proposed to evaluate the reactivity of CFB ashes. Meanwhile, the factors influencing and the method activating the reactivity of CFB ashes, and the expansion properties are investigated experimentally. The spontaneous setting, and the mechanism of activation of reactivity of CFB ashes and its expansion are investigated by XRD and SEM. Finally, the utilization in building materialsof CFB ashes is studied.The properties of CFB ashes show it is difficult to utilize CFB ashes in building materials, however reasonable using its properties is possible in building materials. As concrete fine aggregate, it can improve structure of interface between aggregates and cement paste for its reactivity, then can increase the concrete flexural strength. As concrete additive can fully activate the reactivity, and can partly compensate the concrete shrinkage. Because of performance of the fresh concrete and durability, it is better to use it with FA. They both influence performance of the fresh concrete. It can produce CFB ashes-fly ash mortar used indoors and CFB ashes-fly ash-clinker mortar used outdoors with low shrinkage by using the cement and expansion of CFB ashes. CFB ashes mixed with lime, FA or cement, can be used for roadbed mixture in road Times New Roman小四号Keywords：Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion, CFB Ashes, Reactivity, Expansion,Times New Rom小四号Times New Roman加粗小四号Ⅱ篇二：科技论文英文摘要的编写及翻译科技论文英文摘要的编写及翻译随着科学技术的日新月异，我国在科技领域取得了越来越多的成就，受到更多国际同行的关注。
论文的英文摘要范文
论文的英文摘要范文
1.Background(背景)∶介绍论文研究的背景，描述前者研究存在哪些问题，为自己进行这个研究是为了尝试解决前者存在的这些问题做好铺垫。
2.Method(方法)︰介绍研究中所使用了哪些研究方法，需要注意的是∶因为摘要字数有限，所以Method只是需要简单介绍一下即可，不要花太多篇幅介绍。
3.Results(结果)∶这部分直接写实验得到了什么结果，如果没有实验的就只需要阐述文章研究目的和结果。
4.Conclusion(结论)∶论文相对前者的研究有什么创新或独到见解都要阐述在这里。
Abstract其实就是对整篇英文论文浓缩之后的精华部分。
其目的就要让读者就算没有阅读全文，也能从Abstract中知道这篇论文的核心内容。
所以，摘要的写作一定要在论文的开始就把整篇论文的研究目的或要解决的问题呈现给读者。
说完了Abstract的主要写作内容之后，那么我们来看看好的摘要到底该怎么写:
这里EasyEssay告诉大家一个写摘要的'万能模板——PARI。
对于留学新生们来说特别适用，当大家在国外写英文论文多了之后就会有自己的写作方法，但是在不会写之前，可以先参考一下下面这个写作方法︰
PARI摘要写作方法∶
P=Problem:提出文章需要解决哪些问题
A=Approach:解决提出的问题是用的什么方法
R=Results:解决了提出的问题之后得到了什么结果l=lmpacts:这些结果有什么具体或者实际的影响。
学术论文英文摘要模板
学术论文英文摘要模板学术论文英文摘要模板下面是关于学术论文英文摘要模板，希望对你们有帮助。
AbstractSince Dewey developed the concept of “critical thinking”, many scholars abroadhave carried out a series of studies about improving students' critical thinking skills ineducation field. In the 1980s,critical thinking became the target of higher educationprograms in such foreign countries as the US and Canada. It has gained its widespreadattention in China only in recent years. But there are only few studies about it ineducation field. Our traditional English teaching method pays much attention to thetraining of students' linguistic knowledge and language skills but ignores thecultivation of students' critical thinking abilities. In the process of skill practice,teachers often stress the importance of memorizing vocabulary and imitating skillsrigidly,but neglect the students' abilities in analyzing problems and putting forwardinnovative solutions. Therefore, English writing teaching is affected by this andmerely attaches emphasis to train students' reading and writing skills. There are fewstudies which aim at systematically cultivating students' analysis, synthesis, summary,comparison and reasoning skills while they are writing. Therefore,this study aims atdesigning some writings tasks and teaching strategies which can be used to fostercollege students' critical thinking awareness and promote students' all-rounddevelopment.According to six critical thinking skills,this study was carried out by requiringstudents to hand in an argumentation. All participants in this study are non-Englishmajor college freshmenfrom a 211 key university. The revised version of Rubric forQualitative Critical Thinking Skills Instrument was used in this study. Withquantitative and qualitative analysis,writing experiment is conducted within a wholesemester to collect data concerning students' learning behavior. Reading-to-write isused in experimental class while traditional method is adopted in control class. Thewriting scores by the experimental and control class were statistically processed bysoftware SPSS 19.0. And also the interview was launched in some of students inexperimental class to assess students' critical thinking abilities reflected in theirwritings-The final analysis indicated that EGAP writing model exerted a significantlypositive influence in improving students' critical thinking skills, especially in arousingstudents' writing enthusiasm and critical thinking awareness. Compared with controlclass, students in experimental class made big progress in writing competence. Inaddition, this study put forward some reform proposals to the teaching of Englishwriting. The study is of great value to instruct students to employ critical thinkingskills in their writing.AbstractA large body of research has been conducted on the effects of technology-enhancedEnglish vocabulary learning since the 1960s (Marty, 1981)。
论文摘要的万能模板
论文摘要的万能模板论文摘要怎么写？送你一个通用模板。
不要老是憋着写论文。
你必须每天坚持写15分钟。
最后好论文都改了。
1.论文摘要的万能模板今天给大家推荐一个抽象的通用模板，就是四句话。
第一句，研究背景和不足，说明了研究的背景和现有研究的不足。
第二句，提出研究问题，说明你打算用什么问题来解决上述不足。
第三句，研究结论或研究发现。
这是主要部分。
第四句话，研究意义，说明你的研究为什么重要。
我们说一篇论文最基本的内容就是提出问题，给出答案。
因此，摘要中最重要的元素是问题和结论。
当然，为了规范，这四句最好都写。
2.十五分钟写作原则身边很多小伙伴都是突击式写作，在deadline到来之前拼了命写作。
今天推荐另外一种写作习惯，就是15分钟原则，它的好处在于：第一，不需要心理建设，每天15分钟即可。
对于写作来说，不会有太大的压力。
第二，充分利用碎片时间。
现在大家都很忙，各种事情都有，15分钟完全可以忙完，用碎片时间写一个片段。
第三，积少成多，每天写会形成意想不到的累积效应。
其效果不亚于突击写作。
第四，最重要的是养成每天写的习惯。
最后不写了，全身都不舒服。
对于以写作和研究为生的人来说，养成写作习惯太重要了。
3.用好同一律，避免鸡同鸭讲逻辑学中有四个基本定律:同一律、矛盾律、排中律和充分理由律。
这四大定律不言而喻。
同一性是指概念的内涵要清晰一致，一个是一个，一个是两个，不能混淆。
同一性要求我们定义概念。
在学术领域，有许多概念有着不同的内涵，如制度、治理、机制等。
不同的人有不同的理解。
为了让读者对你的文章有一致的理解，你要明确界定研究的核心概念和研究对象，以免造成鸡同鸭讲，不利于学术交流的开展。
很多人在写文章的时候不注意定义核心概念，导致学术交流中产生误解。
综上所述，同一性的概念要求清晰、一致，体现在论文的写作上，就是明确的定义。
毕业论文中英文摘要互译（合集5篇）
毕业论文中英文摘要互译（合集5篇）第一篇：毕业论文中英文摘要互译随着轻轨的发展,噪声的污染越来越严重。
声屏障作为一种降低交通噪声有效而经济的方法,将会在一定程度上得到发展。
现在,人们对轻轨噪声关注程度的增加,如何有效地设置轻轨声屏障,使其更好地发挥降噪效果已经成为一个亟待研究的课题。
从分析声屏障的降噪原理出发,研究声屏障的高度、位置、敷设的吸声材料等对轻轨降噪效果的影响。
本文初设两套方案,声源为无限长线声源,采用德国shall 03类型（轨道中心线）,用直立型单侧吸声型声屏障,隔声材料为钢及钢化玻璃,吸声材料为纤维多孔吸声材料超级玻璃棉。
方案一,声屏障高4m,一楼到七楼插入损失为19.41dB（A）～15.97dB（A）；方案二,声屏障高4.5m,一楼到七楼插入损失19.97dB（A）～15.99dB（A）。
由降噪效果和经济性,确定方案一为最佳方案。
通过分析得出：在尽量靠近声源处设置声屏障,增加声屏障的高度,在声屏障内侧敷设吸声材料,都将有利于取得更好的降噪效果。
最后,介绍声屏障的设计目标值及计算方法并对其主要承重部件-立柱进行强度和连接校核。
要求With the development of the light railway,the noise pollution becomes very important problem.Sound barrier,an effective and comparatively inexpensive measure of controlling noise,will be developed to some degree.Recently,people pay more attention to the light railway noise.How to install the sound barrier effectively so as to make the noise reduction more effective has become an urgent research topic.Starting with the analysis of the noise reduction principle,this paper studied the influence of light railway sound barrier on light railway’s noise reduction effect in the three aspects：height,position,sound absorbing material.Thia page have worked out two precepts,the source is infinite line source,which use shall 03 shape of Germany(the centye of the railway);this two precepts use englong shaped andabsorbing noise barrier,insulate material is steel and glass, absorbing material is super glass cotton with fibre holes.The first precept,the hight of noise barrier is 4m,the insert loss from the first floor to the senventh floor is 19.41dB（A）～15.97dB （A）;the second precept,the hight of noise barrier is 4.5m,the insert loss from the first floor to the senventh floor is19.97dB （A）～15.99dB（A）.the first precept is better,because the effect of noise reduction and the economy effect.From the analysis,we can achieve:the effect of noise reduction will more better,when the noise barrier is installed as near as the source,enhight the barrier, sound absorbing material is laid the inside of the barrier.At the last,this page introduces the design object and the calculate method of the barrier,and checks the main bearing assembly’s intension and connection if satisfied the require of using.第二篇：5、毕业论文中英文摘要某某大学2008届毕业论文互动——广播新闻发展的必然选择摘要：在当今时代，互动已成为构成传播意识的重要元素，并逐渐成为各类媒体的发展趋势。
毕业论文正文摘要模板
摘要随着社会经济的快速发展，[研究领域/专业方向]领域的研究日益深入，[具体研究问题]已成为当前学术界和业界关注的焦点。
本论文以[研究背景]为出发点，通过对[相关理论/文献综述]的分析，结合[研究方法/技术路线]，对[研究问题]进行了深入探讨。
一、引言1.1 研究背景[在此处简要介绍研究背景，阐述研究问题的提出及其重要性。
]1.2 研究目的与意义[在此处明确阐述研究目的，并分析研究的理论意义和实际应用价值。
]1.3 研究内容与方法[在此处简要介绍论文的研究内容、研究方法和技术路线。
]二、文献综述2.1 相关理论研究[在此处对与本研究相关的理论进行综述，分析其理论基础和研究现状。
]2.2 国内外研究现状[在此处对国内外相关领域的研究现状进行综述，比较分析其异同，为后续研究提供参考。
]三、研究方法与技术路线3.1 研究方法[在此处详细介绍论文所采用的研究方法，包括定量研究、定性研究、实验研究等。
]3.2 技术路线[在此处详细阐述论文的技术路线，包括研究步骤、数据来源、数据处理和分析方法等。
]四、研究结果与分析4.1 研究结果[在此处详细描述研究结果，包括定量分析结果和定性分析结果。
]4.2 结果分析[在此处对研究结果进行深入分析，探讨研究问题的本质和规律，并与其他研究进行比较。
]五、结论与展望5.1 结论[在此处总结论文的主要结论，阐述研究问题的解决情况。
]5.2 展望[在此处对未来的研究方向进行展望，提出进一步研究的建议。
]六、参考文献[在此处列出论文中引用的参考文献，按照规范格式进行标注。
]以下为论文正文摘要的具体示例：摘要随着我国经济的持续增长，能源需求不断上升，能源安全问题日益凸显。
其中，[研究领域/专业方向]作为能源领域的重要组成部分，其安全稳定运行对于保障国家能源安全具有重要意义。
本论文以[研究背景]为出发点，通过对[相关理论/文献综述]的分析，结合[研究方法/技术路线]，对[研究问题]进行了深入探讨。
毕业论文摘要万能模板
毕业论文摘要万能模板在毕业论文中，摘要是非常重要的部分，它起到了承上启下的作用，是整篇论文的精华所在。
摘要的撰写需要简明扼要、准确无误，能够准确概括论文的主要内容和研究成果。
下面是一个毕业论文摘要的万能模板，供大家参考使用：【摘要】。
本文是对某某主题进行了全面深入的研究，主要通过文献调研和实地调查的方式，对某某现象进行了详细的分析和解释。
在研究过程中，我们发现了某某问题的根源，并提出了相应的解决方案。
通过对某某数据的统计和分析，我们发现了某某规律，并对其进行了深入的探讨和解释。
在实地调查中，我们对某某现象进行了详细的观察和记录，并对其进行了科学的分析和论证。
通过本文的研究，我们对某某问题有了更深入的了解，并提出了一些建设性的建议和意见。
本文共分为五个部分，分别是，第一部分是某某问题的背景介绍，主要对某某问题的研究背景和意义进行了阐述；第二部分是某某问题的相关理论和研究现状，主要对某某问题的相关理论和前人研究成果进行了梳理和总结；第三部分是某某问题的研究方法和数据来源，主要介绍了本文所采用的研究方法和数据来源；第四部分是某某问题的研究结果和分析，主要对某某问题的研究结果进行了详细的分析和解释；第五部分是某某问题的结论和建议，主要对某某问题的研究成果进行了总结和归纳，并提出了一些建设性的建议和意见。
通过本文的研究，我们对某某问题有了更深入的了解，对某某问题的研究也有了一定的贡献。
希望本文的研究成果能够对相关领域的研究和实践工作有所启发和帮助。
【关键词】某某问题，研究方法，研究结果，建议和意见。
以上就是一个毕业论文摘要的万能模板，希望对大家的论文写作有所帮助。
祝各位同学论文顺利通过！。
毕业论文摘要范文（中英双语）
摘要企业发展战略就是企业为寻求和维持持久竞争优势而作出的有关全局的筹划和谋略，企业要在激烈的市场竟争中适应环境的变化，准确、有效地把握在环境变化中不断涌现的机遇和商机，并不断得到发展壮大，必须有明晰的企业发展战略。
2010年，在经济刺激计划和宽松货币政策的支撑下，世界经济复苏势头较为强劲。
进入2011年以来，世界经济短期向好，但是面临多方面复杂因素：地震和海啸致使日本经济陷入负增长，中东北非局势动荡不安，欧洲主权债务危机愈演愈烈，美国国债危机导致主权信用等级下调，大宗商品价格上涨引发新兴经济体通胀压力增大。
这为世界经济增长带来新的不确定性，加上各国经济刺激计划基本结束，世界经济、贸易和工业生产难以保持2010年的反弹性增长，增速明显放缓。
在全球经济日益一体化发展的今天，中国做为全球最大的新兴经济体，不可避免地将受到严重影响，人民币不断升值、大宗原材料价格快速上涨、技术工人短缺及汽车行业发展放缓，致使企业竞争加剧，利润空间下滑，企业面临着严竣的外部环境。
在新经济形势下求生存，在激烈竞争下求发展，在发展战略角度下寻求企业更大的发展空间，成为急切的研究课题。
本文从企业战略管理的基本理论出发，应用企业战略管理的分析模型和方法，结合及汽车散热器制造业的行业特点，对法拉达公司在新经济形势下的企业发展战略进行研究，从而确定适合公司发展的发展战略及实施发展战略的措施，为公司的下一步发展指明了明确的方向。
关键词：法拉达公司；汽车散热器制造业；发展战略Abstra ct:The Plansand strate giesthat an enterp risemade for seekin g and mainta ining long-term compet itive edge are the enterp risedevelo pment strate gy. A busine ss enterp risemust have a cleardevelo pment strate gy if he wantsto adaptto enviro nment al change s, to accura telyand effect ively seizethe opport unity with it and make consta nt develo pment and progre ss in the intens e market compet ition.In 2010, the worldeconom y recove red more robust ly in suppor t of the Stimul us Packag e and Quanti tativ e Easing Policy. Since2011, the worldeconom y contin ued to improv e in shortterm, but facedcomple x factor s in many ways: the earthquakeand tsunam i plunge d Japane se econom y into negati ve growth, the turbul encein Middle East and NorthAfrica, the increa singl y fierce ly sovere ign-debt crisis in Europe, debt crisis in the U.S led it's sovereign credit rating to be lowere d, bulk commod ity pricerise trigge red Emergi ng Economies beingunderpressu re. All thesebrough t freshuncert ainty to worldeconom ic growth. In additi on, the stimul us packag e of countr ies has basica lly come to an end, the worldeconom y, tradeand indust rialproduc tionhave diffic ultie s to mainta in reboun d growth2010 leveland slow down obviou sly. Facing the econom ic global izati on, China, as the world's larges t Emergi ng Econom ies, inevit ablywill be put underbad influe nce of the apprec iatio n of Chines e Yuan, the rapidrising of raw materi al price, the shorta ge of skille d worker s, the slowdo wn of motorindust ry, the stingi ng compet ition amongenterp rises, the decrea singof profit and the severe extern al enviro nment. It has become an urgent resear ch subjec t for the compan y to surviv e in the Emergi ng Econom ies, to develo p in fierce compet ition, to seek more room for develo pment form the view of develo pment strate gy.In this thesis, starti ng from the basictheory of Strate gic Manage ment,applyi ng the analyt icalmode and method of it and combin ing the the charac teris ticsof car radiat or manufa cturi ng, weconduc ts a studyof the develo pment strate gy of FaretCompan y undersituat ion of Emergi ng Econom ies, so as to identi fy a suitab le develo pment strate gy and corres pondi ng implem entat ion measur es, to direct a more clearway for compan y's furthe r develo pment.Key words:FaretCompan y; Car Radiat or Manufa cturi ng; Develo pment Strate gy。
毕业论文中英文摘要
毕业论文中英文摘要毕业论文中英文摘要我国大部分高校都要求英语专业的学生撰写毕业论文摘要，其作用是对所写论文进行简要概述，包括研究论题、方法、意义以及由此得出的结论。
下文是毕业论文中英文摘要范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业论文中英文摘要【1】摘要《喜福会》是华裔作家谭恩美于20世纪80年代末创作的，小说讲述了四位中国移民母亲与他们在美国成长的女儿们的故事。
本文主要研究米切尔的女性理论在作品《喜福会》中的体现，以女性在家庭和社会中的地位为切入点，深入分析了女性所承受的压迫。
本文从三个方面进行描写，米切尔的“妇女的领地”理论，《喜福会》中的女性地位及增强的自我意识感在喜福会中的体现。
得出女性在家庭中承受男性给予的压迫是不可避免的，而且只有女性自己才能解放自己的结论。
关键词：女性;家庭;压迫;米切尔“妇女的领地”AbstractThe Joy Luck Club is written by famous Chinese American writer Amy Tan in the end of 1980s.It is about the experience of four mothers immigrating from China and their four American born daughters living in the United States.This paper mainly discusses the application of Mitchell’s Women’s Estate in The Joy Luck Club.Based on the position of women in society and family, writer thoroughly analyzes the oppressions on women.The paper includes three chapters, theory of “Women’s Estate”, the position of women in The Joy Luck Club and consciousness-raising reflected in the Joy Luck Club.Accordingly, it is reveals that the oppressions given by men on women in families are inevitable, only can women have the ability to liberate themselves.Key Words: women; families; oppressions; Mitchell’s “Women’s Estate”毕业论文中英文摘要【2】AbstractAs an applied language, English advertisement has its own linguistic style and features.Its language is original, beautiful and full of connotations.English advertisemet, using the simplest language to express the most complex meanings, stimulat es people’s desire for shopping.The skillful use of puns makes advertising language more vivid and humourous.Therefore, puns have been applied much in the field of English advertisements to attatch more attention.Accordingly the effective translation of puns in this field becomes more and more important.This thesis has studied certain so as to make the Chinese translation of puns in English advertisements complete.Based on differences in language, lexicon and sentence structure of puns, this paper explain puns in detail from three respects including homophone, homograph and parody puns.This study plays the solid foundation for the translation of puns in English advertisements.Moreover, under the guide of the theory of “functional equivalence”, this th esis proposed three translation principles which provide theory supports for the Chinese translation of puns in this field.Furthermore, this paper studies the Chinese translation of puns in this field combining large amount of English advertisements with puns, and proposed five translation skills.This paper gives originality, flexibility and humorousness of puns better expression in Chinese translation textsKey words: Puns, English advertisements, Translation Principles,Translation skills摘要英语广告作为一种应用语言，有着自己独特的语言风格和特点。
毕业论文摘要翻译
毕业论文摘要翻译毕业论文摘要翻译范文论文摘要翻译【1】毕业论文AbstractTitanium ore, elected from magnetite or Titan magnetite, is widely used as the raw material in the production of titanium dioxide.Titanium quality and its yield constraints is often the bottle neck in the titanium industry. Thus, we can not blindly consume a large amount of capital to maintain or improve its quality and yield.This paper makes an attempt to explores and optimize the development of the titanium industry, through inside and outside observation and association.In this paper, flotation tests are conducted to compare the original pulp titanium ore with Polyacrylamide and that without on the concentrate grade yield of titanium concentrates.In this process, the consumption of drugs, the recovery rate of , equipment utilization, the amount and cost of polyacrylamide （PAM）are all considered to determine whether it is a ptimization program to add Polyacrylamide to the original flotation pulp of titanium ore.Finally, we reach a conclusion through relevant data .In the experimental process, in principle, we do not change the original flotation process and the relevant parameters.Key words: Titanium ore; Flotation; Polyacrylamide; quality; yield.毕业论文摘要的书写方法和技巧【2】1、摘要的作用摘要也就是内容提要，是论文中不可缺少的一部分。
论文摘要翻译-模板
论文摘要翻译毕业论文AbstractTitanium ore, elected from magnetite or Titan magnetite, is widely used as the raw material in the production of titanium dioxide. Titanium quality and its yield constraints is often the bottle neck in the titanium industry. Thus, we can not blindly consume a large amount of capital to maintain or improve its quality and yield. This paper makes an attempt to explores and optimize the development of the titanium industry, through inside and outside observation and association. In this paper, flotation tests are conducted to pare the original pulp titanium ore with Polyacrylamide and that without on the concentrate grade yield of titanium concentrates. In this process, the consumption of drugs, the recovery rate of , equipment utilization, the amount and cost of polyacrylamide (PAM) are all considered to determine whether it is a ptimization program to add Polyacrylamide to the original flotation pulp of titanium ore. Finally, we reach a conclusion through relevant data .In the experimental process, in principle, we do not change the original flotation process and the relevant parameters.Key words: Titanium ore; Flotation; Polyacrylamide; quality; yield、。
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Abstract Sample Study
---Stylistic Features of Webchat English
• With the development of computers and the internet, webchat has become more and more popular. This particular communicative form generates some unique linguistic features which can hardly be found in other variants of English. Yet, to analyze its linguistic features from the point of view of stylistics is still a new realm. Adopting the theories of modern stylistics, this paper analyzes the English used in webchat from four levels: graphology, lexicon, syntax/grammar and context. (74 words)
摘要的理解
• 摘要是以提供文献内容梗概为目的，不 加评论和补充解释，简明、确切地记述 文献重要内容的短文。
• 摘要的基本要素：研究目的、方法、结 果和结论。
Abstract or Summary?
• Abstract: placed before the text part (usual way)
2. Describing methodology: In this move the author gives a good indication of the experimental design, including information on the data, procedures or methods used and, if necessary, the scope of the research reported.
摘要类型的选择
• 凡自然科学的立项研究成果、实验研究报告、 调查结果报告等原创性论著的摘要应具备四要 素：目的、材料与方法、结果、结论。
• 其他论文的摘要也应确切反映论文的主要观点， 概括其结果和结论。摘要的撰写应精心构思， 往往是评稿、审稿的第一筛。
Abstract Sample Study
• Sample 2: (1) This paper sets out to examine two
Informative Abstract
1. Introducing purpose: This move gives a precise indication of the author’s intention, thesis or hypothesis which forms the basis of the research being reported. It may also include the goals or objectives of research or the problem that the author wishes to tackle.
孝感学院“国培计划”《英语学科研究与论文写作》系列讲座之四
学术论文摘要的模板和翻译 Models of academic abstracts and their
translation
什么是摘要？
• 《百科汉语词典》
– 摘要（又称概要）即摘录要点或内容提要。 它是研究工作的主要对象和范围，采用的手 段和方法，得出的结果和重要的结论，有时 也包括具有情报价值的其它重要的信息 。
findings reported in the literature: one, that during the one-word stage a child’s word productions are highly phonetically variable, and two, that the one-word stage is qualitatively distinct from subsequent phonological development. (2) The complete set of word forms produced by a child at the one-word stage were collected and analyzed both cross-sectionally (month by month) and longitudinally (looking for changes over time). (3) It was found that the data showed very little variability, and that phonological development during the period studied was qualitatively continuous with subsequent development. (4) It is suggested that the phonologically principled development of this child’s first words is related to his late onset of speech. (117 words)
Four-move Model
The Four Moves 1. What the author did---purpose 2. How the author did it---methodology 3. What the author found--- result 4. What the author concluded---conclusion
– 1) the subject matter, – 2) the purpose of the study, – 3) the way the research is carried out, – 4) some important findings, – 5) the implication and a conclusion.
• Sample 4: (意义)明晰的产权意味着财产所有者对 其财产的各个方面具有完全的控制权，模糊产权 实际上是最终控制权的模糊性。(目的与方法)我 国的乡镇集体企业是产权模糊的典型，本文试图
从政企关系、市场体系、经营者的激励等方面来
分析探讨转型期乡镇企业模糊产权的形成原因。 (结果)研究证实：转型期政府与企业的关系决定 了模糊产权的存在是社会强制机制作用的结果，
Informative Abstract
3. Summarizing results: This is an important aspect of abstracts where the author mentions his observations and findings and also suggests solutions to the problem, if any, posed in the first move.
转型期不完善的市场体系是导致模糊产权形成的
环境因素，企业经营者的控制权激励是模糊产权 得以延续的制度根源。(结论)在研究的基础上， 提出了明晰产权的基本路径：企业家人力资本的
资本化，存量资产的折股量化，以增量配股明晰 存量。(256 words)(题目：略论转型期乡镇集体企 业模糊产权的根源与明晰途径)
摘要的书写（8点）
1) 摘要中应排除本学科领域已成为常识的内容；切忌把应 用在引言中出现的内容写入摘要；一般也不要对论文内 容作诠释和评论(尤其是自我评价)。
2) 不得简单重复题名中已有的信息。 3)摘要是一篇完整的短文。结构严谨，表达简明，语义确
切。摘要先写什么，后写，互相呼应。摘要慎用长句，句型 应力求简单。每句话要表意明白，无空泛、笼统、含混 之词。
• Summary: placed at the end of text (rarely used)
What is an abstract?
• An abstract is an abbreviated, accurate representation of the contents of a document, preferably prepared by its author(s) for publication with it. （general
4. Presenting conclusions: This move is meant to interpret results and draw inferences. It typically includes some indication of the implications and applications of the present findings.
指示性摘要
• 指示性摘要是指明一次文献的论题及取得的成 果的性质和水平的摘要，其目的是使读者对该 研究的主要内容(即作者做了什么工作)有一个 轮廓性的了解。
• 创新内容较少的论文，其摘要可写成指示性摘 要，一般适用于学术性期刊的简报、问题讨论 等栏目以及技术性期刊等只概括地介绍论文的 论题,使读者对论文的主要内容有大致的了解。
Six–element Abstract
• Huang Guowen：
– Topic Specification (TS) – Background Information (BI) – Purpose Statement (PS) – Methodology and Data (MD) – Results / Findings (RF) – Implications / Conclusions (IC)