宾语从句基本用法及练习题

基本用法

宾语从句

在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句

结构：主语+谓语+宾语（陈述句语序）、从属连词。

连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether，和特殊疑问词（what， how， where， when等)。

that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，

if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句。

He told me (that ）he would go to college the next year.

他告诉我他明年上大学。

I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.

我不知道是否还会有公交车。

Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.

没有人知道他是否会通过考试。

Teachers were asking me whether I had gone there or not at that time.

那时老师们在问我是否曾去过那里。

宾语从句的基本用法

名词性从句在复合句中作谓语动词、非谓语动词、介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。高考中常见的宾语从句包括以下几种情况：

1. that引导的宾语从句(that经常可以被省略)，例如：

His mother said (that) Saul Grant was a music critic. 他母亲说索尔格兰特是个音乐评论家。

把握that引导的宾语从句要注意以下特殊情况：

(1) 宾语从句(通常是由that引导的宾语从句)常置于句末并用it作形式宾语。例如： We think it important that Mary should tell the truth. 我们认为玛丽说出实情很重要。// I have made it clear that we’ll sign the contract with your company. 我已讲得很清楚：我方将与贵公司签订这个合约。

(2) that 从句作介词宾语只用于except that和in that结构。例如：His report is correct except that some details are omitted. 除了有些细节未提到之外，他的报道是正确的。// Criticism and

self’criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes. 批评和自我批评是必要的，因为它能帮助我们改正错误。

(3) allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等及物动词后可以接不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以接that引导的宾语从句。例如：

I admire their winning the match. (√)

I admire that they won the match. (菖)

2. 与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句，这包括：

(1) 动词(＋间接宾语)＋与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句。常用于这种句型的动词有see, know, wonder, show, ask, tell, decide, find out, imagine等。例如： Tell me how you went to school. 告诉我你怎么去上学的。// John wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday. 约翰不知道为什么警察局要他去，但昨天他还是去了。

(2) 介词＋与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句。例如： I am not interested in what he is doing. 我对他做的事不感兴趣。// He will write a book on how Chinese people learn English. 他将写一本中国人如何学英语的书。

(3) be＋形容词＋与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句(这种结构中的“be＋形容词”可以被视为发挥着及物动词的作用，其后的从句具

有宾语从句的性质)，例如：Are you certain that you’ll get there in time 你有把握及时赶到那里吗// He was disappointed that he failed to get the master degree. 他很失望没有获得硕士学位。

3. whether与if引导宾语从句时一般可以互换，例如： The boss asked me whether/if she was qualified for the task. 老板问我她是否胜任这项任务。

关联词

关联代词

关联代词主要有

who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whicheve r等。

关联代词一般指疑问但what,whatever除了指疑问外也可以指陈述。

Do you know who has won Red Alert game

你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏吗

The book will show you what the best CEO should know.

这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么。

Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cellphone

你决定好是买诺基亚还是买摩托罗拉的电话吗

关联副词

连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however 等。

He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.

他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。

Could you please tell me how you use the new panel

你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗

None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.

没有人知道这些新的零件能在哪里买到。

二、动词的宾语从句

大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句

We all expect they will win,for members of their team are stronger.

我们都预料他们会赢因为他们的队员更强壮。