施心远主编《听力教程》1_(第2版)Unit_3

UNIT 3
Section 1 Tactics For Listening
Part 1 Phonetics
Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, fink-ups and contractions.
Friend: Hi, Linda. I hear you and John got married (l) last month. Linda: Yeah, we did, (smiling) Three weeks (2) ago.
Friend: Well, congratulations!
Linda: Thank you.
Friend: Did you (3) have a big wedding?
Linda: No, we got (4) married at City Hall. We didn't want to spend very much because (5) we're saving to buy a house. Friend: Where did you (6) have the reception?
Linda: Oh- we (7) didn't have a reception. We just (8) invited a few friends over for drinks afterwards.
Friend: What (9) did you wear?
Linda: Just a skirt and blouse
Friend: Oh!
Linda: And John wore a (1 0) jacket and jeans.
Friend: Where did you (1 1 ) go for your honeymoon?
Linda: We (12) didn't have a honeymoon. We went back to work
the next day Ah, here comes (13) my bus.
Friend: Listen. (14) I'd love to help celebrate. Why don't you two (15) come over for a drink next week'?
Linda: Sure. We'd love to. (16)I’ll talk to John and (17) call you Monday.
Friend: Great. See you (18) next week.
Linda: Bye.
PART 2 Listening and Note-taking
Bob: Look at that Angela. True-Value are going to sell hi-fi's for
72.64 pounds, I'm going to buy one. We can save at least 20
pounds.
Angela: Yes, and look at the washing machines. They're going to sell some washing machines for 98.95 pounds, so we can save 22 pounds. A washing machine is more important than a hi-fi.
Bob: By the way, Angela. Do you know how much money we've got?
About 200 pounds, I hope.
Angela: Here's the bank statement. I didn't want to open it. Oh, dear.
Bob: What's the matter?
Angela: We haven't got 200 pounds, I'm afraid.
Bob: Well, come on. How much have we got?
Angela: Only 150 pounds 16.
A: Bob and Angela are window-shopping. The shop is closed, but they are talking about the sales next week. They are planning to buy a lot of things. Listen to the conversation and take notes on the following items:
Things they want to buy the price money they can save
1. a hi-fi ￡7
2.64 at least ￡20
2. a washing machine ￡98.95 ￡22
B: Complete the following Sentences.
The amount of money they should pay for the things they want to buy: ￡171. 59.
The amount of money they think they can save: 42 pounds. The amount of money they think they can have: 200 pounds.
The amount of money they actually have: 150 pounds 16 . Section 2 Listening Comprehension
PART 1 Dialogues
Dialogues 1 what's he like?
A: Tell me about your new manager. What's he like?
B: Oh, terrific. He's tall, good looking.., well, I think he's good looking, anyway ... and he's about 35 or 36. He's very interested in all kinds of sports — football, basketball... oh,
and tennis. My friend told me he's very good at tennis. He plays at the same tennis club ... the club where she plays ...
you know.
A: Oh, is he friendly? I mean, in the office ...
B: Well, I don't know him very well. He's a bit ... shy, I think. He isn't married; he lives in a flat on his own ... well, just him and his dog.
A: Listen to the conversation and complete the following blanks.
Age: 35 or 36
Appearance: good-looking
Hobbies: sports football basketball and tennis
Marriage status: single / not married
B: Listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.
1. What is he good at'? How does his friend know that?
(He is good at tennis. His friend knows that because he plays at the same tennis club where she plays.)
2.Does he live alone? Has he got a companion?
(Yes, he lives alone. But he has a companion, his dog.)
Dialogue 2 How Old Are You?
Man 1: All right. Keith. How old are you?
Man 2: Thirty-seven.
Man 1: Thirty-seven, yeah? And, erm you married?
Man 2: Yes.
Man 1: Yeah. Have you got children?
Man 2: Two.
Man 1: Yeah. What are their names?
Man 2: Toby and Lucy.
Man 1: Toby and Lucy. How old are they?
Man 2: One's 11, that's Lucy; and Toby's 13.
Man 1: Yeah. Tell me about your job, Keith.
Man 2: Well, I work at the Oxford University Press. I'm a printer's reader and copy editor.
Man 1: Erin, what sort of hours of work do you have'?
Man 2: Erm, 7.30 in the morning.
Man 1: You start work at 7.30?
Man 2: Yes. I start at 7.30 in the morning and finish at 4.15.
That's with a 45-minute lunch break.
Man 1: Yeah. Do you like it that way? Do you like starting very early?
Man 2: No, I don't. No.
Man 1: How do you go to work?
Man 2: Er, well, I cycle from here to Didcot station, and then catch the train and return journey.
Man 1: Tell me one or two things you like doing, and one or two things you don't like doing. What do you like doing? What
do you do for enjoyment?
Man 2: Well, I'm quite interested in antiques*.
Man 1: Yes.
Man 2: Things I don't like--- I don't like decorating. I'm not awfully keen on gardening.
Man 1: OK. What reading — what sort of— what newspaper do you read?
Man 2: The Times.
Man 1: The Times, yeah.
Man 2: And The Sunday Times.
Man 1: Yeah. And what kind of bonks do you read?
Man 2: Erm— tends to be more along history lines. Not novels, generally, more general history. Local history especially. Man 1: Yeah, OK. Do you smoke, Keith?
Man2 : No.
Man 1: You drink?
Man 2: Occasionally.
Man 1: Yeah. Do you go to church?
Man 2: Not very often, no.
Man 1: Right. Thank you very much indeed.
Listen to the interview and complete the following report. Name of the interviewee: Keith.
Keith is (1) 37 years old. He's got (2) two children. One is (3)11 and the other is (4)13.He is a (5)printer's reader and copy editor at the (6) Oxford University Press. He starts work at (7) 7:30~and finishes at (8) 4.15 with a (9) 45-minute lunch break. He goes to work by (10) bicycle and train.
He is interested in (11) antiques. He dislikes (E2) decorating and is not awfully (13) keen on gardening. He reads quite a lot, (14) newspapers, books, especially (15) books of history.
He doesn't (16) smoke and drinks (17)only occasionally. He doesn't (18) go to the church often.
Part 2 Passage
Passage 1 Informational interviewing
Informational interviews are one of the most beneficial ways through which to learn about a career field; they can also serve as a place to begin networking. Their purpose is to explore a particular field or organization and learn the "ins and outs*" of that field from a practitioner*. Rather than being asked
questions, you are the questioner, gathering information that will help you evaluate* your interest in and suitability for a particular opportunity.
An informational interview is a fine place to raise doubts you might have, explore the compatibility* of your work values with those expressed in the field and ask for advice. An individual whom you interview for information can also critique your resume.
Although you may not specifically find out about a job opening, informational interviewing will often provide leads* as to where to begin a successful job search and will help you choose between fields you are considering. If you are unable to find your former students or parents to meet for an informational interview, try contacting employers or organizations found in one of the closed stack*directories in the CRC* library.
Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1.D
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. A
7. B
8.D
Part 3 News
This presidential election is creating unusual interest and excitement across America, especially with young people and Democrats.
The Democrats hope to reclaim the White House after eight years of Republican presidency. Yet candidates from both parties are promising change.
There are major issues facing Americans: the weakening economy, the Iraq war. Other concerns include the troubled housing market, high cost s of health care and energy, and the debate over illegal immigration.
But interest in the election is also being driven by the candidates themselves. Democrats Hillary Clinton or Barack Obama would become America's first female or first black president. Republic John McCain would become, at age seventy-two, the oldest president elected to a first term.
A: Listen to the news item again and complete the following summary.
This news item is about the presidential election in the USA. B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following blanks.
1. D
2. B
3. B
4.A
5. D
The space shuttle Discovery landed at Kennedy Space Centre in the state of Florida last month. It was the one hundred twentieth shuttle flight and the twenty-third to the International Space Station.
The United States space agency had two main goals for this flight of Discovery. First, the crew was to move a structure from one side of the space station to the other. And then they were to add a new room to the space station.
NASA calls the new addition to the space station the Harmony connecting modules. It is the first new room added to the space station since 2001. Harmony is about seven meters long and about four meters wide. It will be a passageway between the laboratories and the rest of the space station.
A: Listen to the news item again and complete the following summary.
This news item is about the one hundred twentieth flight of the space shuttle Discovery.
B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following blanks.
Landing time : last month
Landing site: Kennedy Space Centre in the state of Florida
It was the one hundred twentieth shuttle flight and the twenty-third to the International Space Station
Two main goals for this flight:
the crew was to move a structure from one side of the space station to the other.
They were to add a new room-- Harmony--to the space station.
-- it is a connecting module.
-- it is the first new room added to the space station since 2001.
-- it is about seven meters long and about four meters wide.
-- it will be a passageway between the laboratories and the rest of the space station.
News item 3
The World Health Organization is urging countries to follow six policies to prevent millions of tabacco-related deaths. The six policies are known as MPOWER, spelled M-P-O-W-E-R. The M is for monitoring tobacco use and prevention polices.
The P is for pretecting people by establishing smoke-free area s. The O stands for offering service to help people stop smoking. The W is for warning people about the dangers of tobacco. The E is for enforcing bans on tobacco advertising and other forms of marketing. And the R is for raising taxes on tobacco.
The WHO says tobacco now causes more than five million deaths a year. It predicts this number will rise to more than eight million by the year 2030. By the end of the century, it says, tobacco could kill one billion people- ten times as many as in the twentieth century.
A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.
This news item is about tobacco risk to a billion lives this century, as predicted by the WHO.
B: Listen to the news item again and choose the best answer to answer each of the following questions.
1. What is the World Health Organization is urging countries to do?
The World Health Organization is urging countries to follow six policies to prevent millions of tobacco-related deaths. 2. The six policies are known as MPOWER, spelled M-P-O-W-E-R.
What does each letter stand for?
The M is for monitoring tobacco use and prevention polices. The P is protecting people by establishing smoke-free areas. The O stands for offering services to help people stop smoking. The W is for warning people about the dangers of tobacco. The E is for enforcing bans on tobacco advertising and other forms of marketing. And the R is for raising taxes on tobacco.
3. How many deaths does tobacco cause now?
The WHO says tobacco now cause more than five million deaths a year.
4. Will this number rise by the year 2030?
Yes, the WHO predicts this number will rise to more than eight million by the year 2030.
5. How many people will be killed by the end of the century? By the end of the century, tobacco could kill one billion people- ten times as many as in the twentieth century Section 3 Oral Work
Mrs White: How did your writing go this morning? Is the book coming along all right?
Mr White: I'm not sure. I think the rest of it will be difficult to write. There are still some problems to solve.
Mrs White: I expect you'll find the answers interesting to work out.
Mr White: If I can work them out. Thank goodness the house is easy to work in. I shall at least be able to think.
Mrs White: You've forgotten something. Peace and quiet will be difficult to guarantee much longer.
Mr White: Good, heavens, yes. The school holidays start in a week, don't they? The house will be impossible to work in while they last.
Mrs White: Well, some extra noise is hard to avoid. But I'll keep them away from the study as much as I can. That'll be all right to work in.
Mr White: What about the garden? It was beautifully peaceful and quiet out there this morning.
Mrs White: Well, you'd better make the most of it while it lasts.
Peace and quiet will be hard to find in the garden pretty soon, I'm afraid.
Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it.
Questions:
1. What was Mr White doing this morning?
(He was writing his book this morning. )
2. According to Mr White, was the book coming along all right? (No, he thought the rest of the book would be difficult to write.)
3 What did Mrs White expect?
(He expected that Mr White would find the answers interesting to work out.)
4. Why did Mr White think the house was easy to work in? (Because he would at least be able to think)
5. When would the school holidays start?
(They would start in a week.)
6. Was it possible for Mr White to work in the house during the school holidays?
(No, it was impossible for him to work in the house.)
7. Could Mr White work in the garden this morning? (Yes. he could work in the garden this morning.)
Why? (Because it was peaceful and quiet)
8. Why should Mr White make most of it while the garden was peaceful and quiet?
(Because peace: and quiet would hard to find in the garden pretty soon.)
Part 2 Retelling
To the American people, education is very important. The first twelve years of public school are free of charge. As a result, about 93 percent of the teenagers from fourteen to seventeen years old are in high school.
However, 200 years ago, education was not free. American elementary schools were only for rich people. Most young people were not in school.
The first public high school was in 1832. The purpose of the school was to prepare students for college. Its most important subjects were mathematics and foreign languages.
Nowadays, American education is a big business. There are about 45 million students in the nation's elementary schools and high schools. Each year there are about three million high school graduates. The main purpose of high school is still to prepare students for college. There are also job-training programmes in high school and programmes to teach useful skills for everyday life - for example, driver training, first aid, and even cooking.
Section 4 Supplementary Exercises
Part I Listening Comprehension
Passage 1 British postmen and milkmen
British postmen and milkmen have a reputation for being cheerful. As they both arrive very early in the morning, when you are perhaps not feeling very good-tempered, their brisk* knocking and bright whistling may get on your nerves. Of course, there are some gloomy postmen, who make you think that every letter contains tragic news, but the majority are j olly and good-humoured. This is quite surprising, because delivering the mail each morning is a job which is not very well paid and there are a great many problems.
The city postman has to go on foot, not only along streets but also up and down stairs, as many blocks of flats still have no lifts and no downstairs letterbox. If he has a registered letter to deliver, he has to wait for someone to come to the door to sign for it. That person may greet him in a most unfriendly way if he has just been woken from a deep sleep very early in the morning.
In the country, a postman may have a bicycle or a small van, so he does not have to walk so far, but nevertheless he has his problems too. It is very annoying to be compel led* to go all the way to an isolated house simply to deliver a postcard or a circular, when this makes the journey half an hour longer. In winter, weather conditions are bad, but the postman must carry
on in the rain or the snow.
Sometimes it is impossible to use a van or a bicycle in these conditions, and he has to do his round*on foot, like his city colleague. Most country people keep a dog. Although there may be a notice on the gate, "BEWARE OF THE DOG," this is of little help to the postman- He is forced to go in, whether the dog is dangerous or not. So every day the country postman knows that, if the dog is not safely tied up, it may bite him on the leg or tear* the seat* out of his trousers.
Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. B
Passage 2 Study in the United States
The latest report from the Institute for International Education gives information from the school year that began in September of last year and ended in May of this year. It says more than 500,000 foreign college students attended American schools during that school year.
New York University in New York City had the largest number of foreign students. Almost 5,000 foreign students attended NYU last year. The University of Southern California
at Los Angeles had the second largest number of students, about 4,500.
The report says the State of California had the most foreign students, with about 66,000 living there last year. New York State was next, with about 55,000 foreign students.
China sent the most foreign students to the United States last year. More than 54,000 Chinese students attended American schools. Japan sent the next highest number of students, almost 47,000. India was next, with about 42,000. And Korea was fourth, sending more than 41,000 students to the United States.
The report says the most popular subjects of study for international students in the United States last year were business and management.Twenty percent of all foreign students were studying those subjects. Fifteen percent studied engineering. Nineteen percent studied mathematics and computer science.
A: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.
F 1. The school year in the United States begins in September
of this year and ends in June of next year. (The school year in the United States begins in September of this year and ends in May of the next year.)
F2. New York University in the State of New York had the largest number of foreign students. (New York University in New York City had the largest number of foreign students.)
T3. The State of California had the most foreign students living there last year. (The report says the State of California had the most foreign students, with about 66,000 living there last year.)
F4. More than 50,000 foreign college students attended American schools during that school year. (More than 500,000 foreign college students attended American schools during that school year.)
F 5. Last year the most popular subject of study for international students in the United States was computer science. (Last year the most popular subject of study for international students in the United States was business and management.)
B: Listen to the report again and match the number of students with the corresponding country.
54,000 China 47,000 Japan
42,000 India 41,000 Korea
Part 2 Oral Work
In a recent broadcast, I heard a woman say that she felt guilty because she spent ￡20 at an auction sale. She was afraid her husband might accuse her of being extravagant. I find this attitude difficult to understand, for, obviously a married woman has as much right to spend ￡20 as her husband. Sometimes both husband and wife go out to work. But, in a case where the woman stays at home to look after the children, it is still unfair that she should feel guilty about spending a small sum of money on herself.
Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topic.
Do you agree with the speaker that the woman's attitude is wrong?
职业访谈与工作面试是一回事吗
说起职业访谈（Informational Interview），很多人都不清楚是什么意思。

这个词最早由北美著名职业指导专家Richard Nelson Bolles 在他那本为许多职业辅导专业人士参考的经典职业辅导畅销书《What Color Is Your Parachute》中首次使用。

他所指的是，即在找工作之前，为了解该职业或者行业现状，直接与已经在那个工作岗位，公司或行业的人约见会谈，以期评估自己是否适合该项职业的一种“投石问路”的直接途径。

这其实和传统工作面试Job（Interview）没有一点关系。

在他的书中指出，大多数人是在进入工作岗位以后才开始了解自己从事的工作，行业和雇主，当发现自己并不适合时已经是进退若谷。

而职业访谈正是在挑选专业，转工作，转行以及转公司以前搜集信息，了解行情的最佳方式。

职业访谈可以得到什么?
你通常可以从职业访谈达到这些目标：
1. 深入了解该行业，该职位所需的技能，证书，经验，教育背景，以及行业规则，作息特点，工作范畴，发展空间，行业走势等等从一般教科书和网站上看不到的内容。

接受访问的人可能不会对你说太多，但是所说的大多是精要所在，绝对的“现身说法”，信息准确性及参考价值都比较高。

2. 和一个在职人士面对面交谈，扩大人际网络，还有可能认识到可以做重要决定的管理层人员。

了解该雇主的真实要求，而不是招聘信息中千篇一律的陈词滥调。

如果你将来真的来这里应聘，你在工作面试中会有把握、有信心得多。

3. 由于你不是来做工作面试的，你的心情会更轻松，更能展示真实的自我，反而留下可能令你自己都吃惊的好印象，说不定能够带来一份工作。

这对那些对自己临场反应和语言表达有顾虑的朋友是一个锻炼的好机会。

另一方面，被访的人往往会更轻松，更自然地和你交谈，在这种状态下会为你提供最有意义的信息。

4. 由于你主要目的是搜集信息，所以在整个过程由你控制，你决定问什么问题，以及如何使用这些得到的答案。

5. 职业访谈除了能够搜集到第一手的宝贵信息之外，还帮助你扩展人际关系网络乃至得到一份工作的机会。

据统计，每发两百到五百个简历能够得到一份工作，而每十二个职业访谈就可以引出一个Job Offer。

两种方式相差这么大的比率，而后者却是少人尝试的，不能不让人思考。

经验分享
有的朋友会问，有工作的人都那么忙，谁会有时间和耐心来应付我们这些新人，特别是那些位高权重的要人怎么会愿意付出宝贵的时间？或者说，工作难找的情况下，谁会无缘无故把内部消息透露给不相识的人，让他们成为自己潜在的竞争者？的确，这也是我本人在探究职业访谈的时候的忧虑和担心。

但是通过我自己的亲身体验，事实却让
我振奋。

以下就是我要与你分享的经验。

我最近在了解职业顾问（Career Counsellor）这项职业的过程中，通过在网上的搜寻调查和其他朋友的推荐，我锁定了几个访问对象。

他们分别是著名猎头公司，职业培训和人力资源管理顾问公司和大银行里面做招聘的总裁或负责人，正在从事或者管理着类似的职业顾问生意。

我发了电子邮件过去，出乎我的意料，数天内四人中有三人回复表示愿意抽出时间来见我（请注意，我和他们素昧平生）。

于是在接下来的几个星期中，按照约定时间，我带着自己的简历到他们办公的地方和他们分别进行了半小时左右的访问。

通过浏览我的简历，他们很快了解到我的背景并且捕捉到我的长处，然后从他们自己的经历和角度出发，有针对性地解答了我的问题，提供了很多具体的建议（有的信息具体程度让我非常吃惊）。

而且访问结束前，应我的要求，他们给我介绍几个对我可能更有帮助的人，让我有目的性地去找更多的专业人士进行访问。

有了他们的推荐，下一次的访问就更加顺利和有收获。

其中我注意到一个有趣的现象，所有的接受访问者都是清一色的白人。

我本来极想找一个中国人，或者亚裔人士，看看他们是怎么入行，如何在一个西人占主流的行业立足发展，但是迄今还没有找到。

我想大概由于这个职业通常需要心理学（Psychology），社会服务（Social Service），专业辅导学（Professional Counselling），人力资源管理（Human Resource Management）等学历背景，对语言，文化，软性知识要求太高，对中国大陆移民来讲难度较大。

而且这类
职业在国内也是凤毛麟角，极其罕见（不是普通的职业中介或介绍所），大多数人都不太熟悉。

通过这些职业访谈，让我对“职业顾问”这个职业有了更清晰的认识和了解，也知道自己需要怎样才能踏入那个门槛。

这只是我个人的一个奋斗目标，你一定也有自己喜欢的职业，不妨也去尝试一下类似的职业访谈，我相信对你会有很大帮助和启迪的。