并列连词以及并列句

知识讲解

知识点1：并列句的概念、分类。

并列句是指由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的句子，其中简单句由并列连词连在一起。并列连词连接的简单句叫做分句。常见的并列句分为联合、转折、因果和选择关系四种。

知识点2：并列句中连词的用法。

1.并列句构成：简单句＋连接词＋简单句

2.连词分类

（1）按形式分

①单一连词：but，for，that，why，and，if等

②短语连词：according to，now that，in case，as long as等

③成对连词：both...and，not only...but also...，either...or，neither...nor等

（2）按用法分

①从属连词：引导从句的连词称为从属连词，主要引导名词从句、定语从句、状语从句（详见各类从句）

②并列连词：连接主语和主语、动词和动词等语法作用相同部分的连词称为并列连词。并列连词有：and和，but但是，nor也不，so因而，yet然而，however可是，since从此，then然后，or或者，否则，nevertheless然而，as well as也，又，for因为，not only...but also不仅……而且，both...and两者都，neither...nor既不……也不……，either...or或者……或者注意：并列连词要注意主谓一致问题（详见主谓一致）

3.连词种类及用法

（1）积累连词

①and（和；同；与；又；并且）Eg：Mary and Lily are both interested in collecting stamps.

②both...and（既...又...）Eg:Both you and I have changed a lot in the past twenty years.

③not only...but also（不仅...而且...）Eg：Not only you but also I am to blame.（就近）

④as well as（和；同；也；除...之外）Eg：You as well as I are supposed to respect the old.（主谓一致）注意：名词A + as well as + 名词B，作主语，强调A not only + 名词A + but also + 名词B，作主语，强调B

⑤never...but (除了……不会) Eg：It never rains but it pours.

（2）转折连词

①but（但是；可是；而；却）Eg：The situation looked desperate，but they didn’t give up hope.

②while（而；但是；可是；却）Eg：He is fat while his sister is thin.

③however，nevertheless，yet，still（但是；然而；尽管如此）Eg：She always tells lies，nevertheless，

I still trust her.

④when（正当那时；突然；=and just at that time）Eg：I was just about to leave when the telephone rang.

（3）选择连词

or（否则，要不然；肯：或者，还是；否：也不；）Eg：Do you want to leave now or would you rather set off later?

②otherwise/or else/or（否则）Eg：You will have to go now，or/or else/otherwise you will miss the bus.

③neither...nor（既不...也不...）Eg：The equipment is neither accurate nor safe.

④either...or（或是...或是...；不是...就是...）Eg：Either she leaves the house，or I will call the policeman. A or B or C 注意：多个对象选择either A or B or C Neither A nor B nor C

⑤not...but（不是...而是...）Eg：The teacher didn’t scold him，but comforted him.

（4）因果连词

①so（原因+so+结果，意为因此，所以）Eg：I heard a noise，so I got out of bed and turned on the light. 注意：不能与because出现在同一句子中，因为because是从属连词，so是并列连词

②for（结果+for+原因，意义上与从属连词because/since/as相同，但只能接简单句）Eg：The day must break now，for the birds are singing now. 注意：for引导的句子只能置于句末，之前必须有逗号for分句不能用来回答why问句

（5）rather than（而不是；与其...宁愿...）Eg：Rather than ride on a crowded bus,he always prefers to ride bicycle.

4.并列句的省略：若后面分句有词和前面分句的词重复，为避免重复，可省Eg：I work in a factory and my sister (works) on a farm. She could have applied for that job,but she didn't (applied for that job).

1.【考查点】联合关系的并列句中，常见的连词有and, not only…but (also), neither…nor…

等。

如：She likes playing the piano and she often practices.

她喜欢弹钢琴而且经常练习。

Not only can Tom speak Chinese, but his father could also speak Chinese.

汤姆和他爸爸都会说汉语。

Neither does he like math nor does his daughter like.

他和他的女儿都不喜欢数学。

2.【考查点】转折关系的并列句中，常见的连词有but, however, while, when, yet, still, though

等。but, while不与although连用，但yet, still可与although连用。

如：He was ill, but he still kept on studying.

他生病了，可他还是坚持学习。

It is difficult to learn a foreign language, however, Mary made it.

学习一门外语很难，但玛丽做到了。

Some people are negative, while others are positive.