Lesson One 词汇补充练习参考答案

Lesson One How to Get the Poor off Our Conscience

Supplementary Exercises

I. Morphology: Fill in each blank with a proper derivative of the word in the brackets.

1.This research seems to give/lend some validity to the theory that the drug might

cause cancer. （valid）

2.H e’s been very preoccupied recently because her mother has been very ill.

(preoccupy)

3.Textbook writing can be an intellectually and financially rewarding activity.

(reward)

4.Problems arise if the parents’ approach to discipline is inconsistent. （consistent）

5.There have been calls for the drug’s immediate suspension, following reports that

it has dangerous side effects. （suspend）

6.You can rest assured (= feel confident) that I shall be there as promised. （assure）

7.The road to happiness is paved with adversities. (adverse)

8.We need to incentivize our sales managers to achieve these targets. (incentive)

9.While she was at home looking after her children, she felt deprived of intellectual

stimulation. (stimulate)

10.Scientists have established the relationship between lung cancer and smoking.

(relation)

11.The nuns have an hour for silent contemplation every morning. (contemptlate)

12.He was penalized early in the match for dangerous play. (penal)

II. Collocation: Fill in each blank with a proper preposition or adverb.

1.I prefer teaching methods that actively involve students in learning.

2.I didn’t like red wine before but I acquired a taste for it (= started to like it as I

became familiar with it) while I was living in France.

3.Would you stop making jokes at my expense?

4.She’s always bringing up her health problems.

5.Despite what you think, I’m only acting in your best interests (= doing what is

best for you) .

6.After thirty years as a judge, her reflections on/about justice were well worth

listening to.

7.He’s usually quite polite in my presence.

8.Her voice took on a troubled tone.

9.She’s come up with some amazing scheme to double her income.

10.To some degree I think that’s right, but there are other factors which affect the

situation.

11.I stayed at home on the night in question.

12.Even a low level of noise interferes with my concentration.

13.Don’t give way to your fears.

14.His dancing technique is good, but he needs to work on his fitness.

15.Police dogs can discriminate between the different smells.

16.This car has an engine replete with the latest technology.

17.She was given to staying in bed till lunchtime.

18.The unions assured the new owners of the workers’ loyalty to the company.

19.They were seduced into buying the washing machine by the offer of a free flight

to the United States.

20.The pickpocket delicately relieved him of his wallet.

21.Her preference is for comfortable rather than stylish clothes.

22.The paper charged her with using the company’s money for her own purposes.

23.The beauty of air travel consists in its speed and ease.

24.When she didn’t answer the telephone, I resorted to standing outside her window

and calling up to her.

25.Although richer people may be more likely to express a desire to migrate within a

given country, the reported desire to migrate is also higher in poorer countries as compared with richer countries.

26.The company resolved to take no further action against the thieves.

27.Sales have fallen badly this year, to the extent that we will have to close some of

our shops.

28.I suppose it’s because I live in a city that I have this yearning for open spaces.

(yearn)

III. Synonym discrimination: Discriminate the differences in meaning between the synonyms and fill in each blank with the best choice.

1. The family have a history of mental disorder. (ailment disease disorder) Ailment, disease and disorder all mean a deranged bodily state usually associated with or amounting to a loss of health. Disease in its usual and broadest use implies an impairment of the normal state of the living body or of one or more of its parts marked by disturbance of vital functions and usually traceable to a specific cause. Disorder is commonly interchangeable with disease but typically it stresses the disordered state without regard to the cause. Ailment often suggests a trivial or chronic disorder.

2. Should the opportunity arise, I’d love to go to China. (arise rise)

Rise and arise mean to move or come up from a lower to a higher level. Rise is used in reference to persons or animals that get up from a lying or sitting position or to things that seem to come up into view or to lift themselves up. Arise comes close to rise but is somewhat more rhetorical or poetic.

3. They were debating the proposition that “All people are created equal”. (proposal proposition)

Proposal and proposition are comparable when they denote something which is proposed to another for consideration. Proposal usually carries a clear suggestion of the act of proposing; thus one receives a proposal, or entertains a proposal, or listens to a proposal. It also commonly implies an offer. Proposition applies primarily to a