重读闭音节和过去式-过去分词

英语动词变过去式和过去分词记忆法

动词可分为规则动词和不规则动词

规则动词的过去式和过去分词是一样，变化规则如下：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

注：闭音节是一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母的单词。

闭音节： a)辅音+元音+辅音例如：bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;

b)元音+辅音例如 it、of;

c) 元音+多个辅音例如： egg ，fish 。

重读闭音节：闭音节为重读音节的音节。重读闭音节中元音字母不是发它本身的字母音，而是发短元音。如：:run

swim jog sit begin---beginning(重读在gin这个音节上，相当于把gin 改成双写的) .

重读闭音节三要素：

（1）必须是重读音节；

（2）以一个辅音字母结尾；

（3）元音字母发短元音。

4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

不规则动词动词过去式和过去分词变化规律如下：

【AAA型】：Cost → cost → cost

cut → cut → cut put → put → put

read → read → read set → set → set

shut → shut → shut hit → hit →hit

hurt→ hurt → hurt let → let → let

【ABB型】： (原形→aught/ought→aught/ought)

catch → caught → caught teach → taught → taught

bring → brought → brought buy → bought → bought

think → thought → thought

(原形→元音变化→元音变化)

sit → sat → sat meet→ met→ met

find → found → found get → got → got

stand → stood → stood understand understood understood win→ won→ won hold → held → held

shine → shone→ shone dig→ dug → dug

hang→ hung/hanged→ hung/hanged

(原形→ “…t” → “…t”)

lose → los t→ lost build→ built → built

spill→ spilt → spilt spoil → spoilt→ spoilt

send → sent → sent spend→ spent → spent

smell → smelt → smelt feel → felt → felt

mean→ meant → meant lend → lent → lent

learn → learnt/learned → learnt/learned

(原形→ “…d” → “…d”)

Make → made → made have(has) → had → had

pay → paid → paid say → said → said

lay → laid → laid sell → sold → sold

tell → told → told h ear → heard → heard

(“ee/ea” → “e..t” → “e..t”)

sweep → swept swept keep → kept → kept

leave → left → left sleep → slept → slept

【ABC型】： (原形→变形→原形+en/ne)

be(am,is)→ was→ been be(are) → were→ been

see→ saw → seen do → did → done

go→ went → gone bea t → beat → beaten

eat → ate → eaten give→ gave → given

hide→ hid → hidden fall→ fell → fallen

mistake→ mistook → mistaken take→ took → taken

drive→ drove→ driven rise→ rose → ri sen

ride→ rode → ridden write → wrote→ written (原形→ “-o-” → “过去式-n”)

break → broke → broken speak→ spoke → spoken

choose → chose →chosen forget→ forgot → forgotten

freeze → froze→ frozen wake woke/waked woken/waked

(原形→ “ew” → “原形-n”)

draw → drew→ drawn blow → blew→ blown

show→ showed → shown fly → flew → flown

grow→ grew → grown throw → threw→ thrown

know → knew→ known

(原形→ “-a-” → “-u-”)

b egin→ began→ begun ring → rang → rung

drink → drank → drunk sing → sang → sung

sink→ sank/sunk →sunk/sunken swim →s wam → swum

【其他】lie→ lay → lain wear → wore → worn

【ABA型】 become became become