翻译抉择,文本,功能,类型分析

《翻译的抉择：类型、体裁、及文 本的个性》
• 分析阶段（phrase of analysis）：要确 定原文的功能类型（text type）和文本体 裁（text variety），然后进行文本外部 语言分析。 • 重述阶段（phrase of reverbalization）： 在上一步的基础上组织目标文本的结构， 文本功能决定一般翻译方法，体裁决定语 言和篇章结构。
1.2 Communication comprises linguistic and non-linguistic action
• Written texts are to be characterized as “oneway communication”.
• non-linguistic elements contributing to oral
Katharina Reiss凯瑟琳娜〃莱斯
• German linguist and translation scholar.
• Her works have been important in the field of translation criticism. • She is a defender of the Skopos theory（目的 论）.
不加修饰的文体 ),without redundancy and
with the use of explication when required.
• OKQ New Zealand facial mud is a deep cleansing mask, formulated from natural mineral rich volcanic mud. This high quality mud mask will penetrate deep into your facial skin to remove day to day grime, impurities and dead skin cells. Your skin will feel refreshed and naturally clean.
as well as by the spatio-temporal separatio（时空 分离） between addresser and addressee and the
lack of feedback during the act of communication.
1.3 A significant factor for translating
De Beers 戴尔比斯
钻石恒久远一颗永流传
• Be the first to know. ——CNN 我要消息最灵通。 • Good to the last drop． 滴滴香浓，意犹未尽。（麦斯威尔咖） • Obey your thirst． 服从你的渴望。（雪碧）
translation should use the identifying
method(同一策略）, with the translator
adopting the standpoint of the ST author.
E.B.White E.B.怀特
• I enjoy living among pedestrians who have an instinctive and habitual realization that there is more to a journey than the mere fact of arrival.
Practical Application
• Reiss suggests specific translation strategies
based on text type. • According to the three forms of text-type, three methods of translation can be described as following:
translator necessarily and naturally result in a
change of message during the communicative
process.
• distinguish the changes between "intentional"
and "unintentional" changes affecting the
translation
• Unintentional changes may arise from the different language structures as well as from differences in translating competence. • Intentional changes frequently occur in translating, if the aims pursued in the translation are different from those of the original; if,besides the language difference of the TL readers, there is a change in the reading circle, etc.
• 我喜欢与步行者为伍，因为他们有一种本 能的，习惯性的意识，知道走在路上不仅
仅以为着到达。
Operative type
• The TT of operative text should produce the desired response in the TT receiver, the translation should apply the adaptive method （顺应策略）, creating an equivalent effect among TT readers.
• 2.0 Phrase of analysis (three stages)
2.1 Establishment of the "text-type" 2.2 Establishment of the "text variety" 2.3 Establishment of the analysis of style
• 1.0 General preliminary remarks
1.1 Interlingual translation 1.2 Communication comprises linguistic and non-linguistic action 1.3 A significant factor for translating
communication, which ordinarily aims at the production of a TL text that is functionally
equivalent to an SL text.
• an ideal communicative is rare in translating. • Because the use of two natural languages as well as the employment of the medium of the
Katharina Reiss （凯瑟琳娜〃莱斯） Type, Kind, and Individuality of Text Decision making in translation
《翻译的抉择：类型、体裁、及文本的个性》
Agenda
The Basic Introduction of the Author Theory Outline Practical Application
Informative type
• The TT of informative text should transmit the full referential or conceptual content of the ST,
the translation should be in plain prose(直白的
文本风格的确立
2.1 Establishment of the "text-type"
• Text-type: A phenomenon going beyond a single linguistic or cultural context. • The communication of content ---informative type The communication of artistically organized content --- expressive type • The communication of content with a persuasive character --- operative type
• 新西兰OKQ，深层洁面面膜，，清 理面部杂质、死皮。使肌肤更加清爽、自 然。
Expressive type
• The TT of an expressive text should transmit
the aesthetic and artistic form of the ST, the
• 3.0 Phase of reverbalization
3.1 Normal cases 3.2 Problematic cases 3.3 Special cases
1.1 Interlingual translation 语际翻译
• defined as a bilingual mediated process of
communication are partly verbalized.(gestures, facial expressions, speed of speech, etc.)