连词用法

连词

用来连接词，短语，从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词，在句中不能单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。

二. 并列连词

并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：

(1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。

(2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。

(3)表转折关系的but, while等。

(4)表因果关系的for, so等。

1．并列连词

（l）表并列的连词： and， both… and， not only…but（also），as well as Study hard and you will make progress with your English.努力学习，你的英语就会进步的。

The boy can speak both Chinese and English.

那个男孩既会说汉语也会说英语。

Not only did he speak more correctly, but(also)he spoke more easily．

他不仅说得很正确，而且说得很轻松。

I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays.我读过他的一本小说和一些剧本。

当 not only…but（also）连接两个名词作主语时，谓语采用就近原则；当 no only…but（also）连接两个并列的句子时，not only…but（also）中间的句子用倒装。As well as 连接两个名词作主语时，谓语采用就远原则。

（2）表转折的连词：but，yet, however, while

This TV set is more expensive, but gives you a better picture.

这台电视机虽然贵些，但图像比较好。

I haven’t had any success so far. However, I’ll keep trying.到现在为止我还没有成功，但是，我会继续试下去的。

He is short, while his brother is tall.

他矮但是他的哥哥高。

（3）表因果关系的连词：for，so，then, thus, therefore

You’d better put on your sweater, for it’s rather cold outside.你最好穿上毛衣，外边很冷。

My sister is expecting me, so I must be off.

我姐姐在等我，我必须走了。

He was busy, therefore, he could not came.

他忙，所以不能来。

He studies hard, thus he got a full mark.

他很用功，因而得了满分。

His car broke down, thus ha was late for work.

他的车坏了，因此他上班迟到了。

(4)表选择关系连词

1）either…or不是…就是，neither…nor既不…也不，or或者， otherwise 要不然or else否则，rather than 也不

John or I am to blame.

不是约翰就是我改受责备。

Study hard，or/otherwise you will fail the exam·

=If you don’t study hard, you will fail the exam.

努力学习，否则你会不及格的。

He went rather than stay as an unwelcome guest.

她走了，不愿做个不受欢迎的客人。

Neither the teacher nor the students know how to deal with it.

老师和同学们都不知道怎样处理这件事。

She is returning to Xi’an either today or tomorrow.她不是今天回西安就是明天回西安。

2）either…or和 neither…nor连接两个并列主语时，谓语采用就近原则。nor和neither都可放于句首表省略，意为‘也不”。nor前可用逗号，分号；而neither前需要分号，句号或and。如：

Neither I nor my father works here.

我和我爸爸都不在这里工作。

We own no money, and neither do they.

我们没有钱，他们也没有。

3）no…but不是…而是

King called for the blacks not to give up but to continue the struggle.

金号召黑人不要放弃，而要继续斗争。

They are not on the playground but in the classroom.他们不在操场，而是在教室。

4）either…or…, neither…nor, not only…but also…

这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如：

Either you or he is wrong.

Neither he nor his children like fish.

Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.

三. 从属连词

从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：

(1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。

(2)引导条件状语从句的if, unless等。

(3)引导原因状语从句的because, as, since等。

(4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。

(5)引导让步状语从句的though, although, even if等。

(6)引导结果状语从句的so that, so…that, such…that等。

(7)引导比较状语从句的than, as…as等。

(8)引导名词从句的that, if , whether等。

（l）引导时间状语的连词：when, while, as, after, before, since, till/until, as soon as, once 一旦

注：引导时间状语从句的连词还有：the minute, the moment, whenever, instantly, immediately, no sooner…than, hardly…when…, scarcely…when. each(every, next, the first)time等。

I was about to go out when he came in.

我正要出去时他进来了。

I was walking on the street when it suddenly began to rain.