宾语从句讲解

变宾语从句四步骤：
1. 确定引导词
2. 改变人称
3. 调整语序，时态
4. 标点符号
宾语从句 注意事项
当宾语从句是由祈使句转换来时，通常 把say to 变为tell sb. to do或ask sb. to do. 否定祈使句则变为tell sb. not to do 或ask sb. not to do
2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由whether或if引导，
翻译成：“是否”，不能省略。语序为陈述语序。 Lily wanted to know. Does her grandma like the dog? Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the dog.
I don’t know whether to stay at home. 2. 作介词的宾语 The old man is worried about whether they can find out the thief.
3. Whether引导的从句放在句首时 Whether we can arrive there on time, I am not sure. 4. whether ...or not 固定结构 I don’t know whether he likes the house or not. I want to know whether we can go skating on Saturday or on Sunday.
The teacher said to us. Keep quiet!
The teacher asked us to keep quiet.
Mom said. Don’t be late!
Mom asked us not to be late.
1．Could / Would you please...是委婉语气， 而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根 据实际情况用不同时态。 Could you tell me? Where we can go ? Could you tell me? Which one do I have to choose? Would you like to know? When will he come back ?
宾语从句 1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2.构成：主句+引导词+简单句 （主语+谓语）
3． 引导宾语从句的引导词有三类：
(1) 从属连词that。如：
一、引导词 1. 当宾语从句是由陈述句变化而来， 由that引导，that在从句中不作任何成分，没 有具体含义，可以省略。 He is a clever boy. I think. I think (that) he is a clever boy. Do you know? The famous singer will come to Yantai. Do you know that the famous singer will come to Yantai?
I don’t know how far it is to the cinema . Please tell us how many students there are in your school ? Can you tell us how old his brother is ?
Please tell us how soon you will come back !
三：宾语从句的语序 (陈述语序)：
主句+引导词+主语+谓语……
宾语从句
1. When will he go to the library?
His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .
2. 否定前移 I think / believe 等动 词后的宾语从句如果是否定，要将not 移 到主句的谓语动词上
1. He won’t come here. I think.
I don’t think he will come here. I don’t think he will come here, will he?
I’m sorry (that) I don’t know . We’re sure (that) our team will win . I’m afraid (that) I won’t pass the exam . They found out who broke the windows. I’m thinking about who can win the match.
2. What does he want to buy ?
I don’t know what he wants to buy . I don’t know what does he want to buy .
3. Who are we going to meet ?
Can you tell me who we are going to meet ?
He asks if I like playing the piano .
五.人称 （一主，二宾，三不变。）
I will go to Shanghai. She says. She says that she will go to Shanghai. Mom asked me. Are you happy? Mom asked me if I was happy. The teacher asked. When will Xiaolei come back？ The teacher asked when Xiaolei would come back.
下列句子改为宾语从句时语序不变。
What’s the matter? What’ s wrong? What happened to you? What’s happening? Who teaches you English?
4.带how的词组how many, how much, how soon, how long, how often 等也都可以引导宾语从句
1).What happened to him? Do you think?
What do you think happened to him?
2).Do you think? What Sally will be in 10 years?
What do you think Sally will be in 10 years?
I asked him.
How can I get so much money?
I asked him how I could get so much money Do you know ? When will the plane leave? Do you know when the plane will leave ?
2. I believe. He wasn’t a thief. I don’t believe he was a thief. I don’t believe he was a thief, was he?
3. 宾语从句的特殊语序
主句是 Do you think/believe/ suppose... 宾语从句是由特殊疑问词引导的，要用： 疑问词+ do you think/believe/suppose +陈述语序
Grammar
宾 语 从 句
1. I
主语
know him . （简单句）
谓语 宾语
2. I
主语 主
know who
谓语 句
he
is . （复合句）
引导词 从句主语 从句谓语 宾语从句
宾语可以放在及物动词，形容词sorry,
sure, afraid, glad 等，介词(worry
about,
think about, find out等)后
3.当从句是客观真理，自然现象，谚语， 名言警句时用一般现在时。 The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth . The teacher said that there are 7 days a week. He told me that light travels faster than sound.
She asked me. Can the boy draw a horse? She asked me if /whether the boy could draw a horse.
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if & whether “是否”引导宾语从句 以下情况4种情况只用whether不用if
1. 与不定式 to do 连用，只用whether to do
Mom hopes that she can come back soon. Mom hopes to come back soon.
They decided that they would visit Xiamen.
They decided to visit Xiamen.
He agrees that he can help John with Chinese.
Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?
四、标点
宾语从句的标点由主句决定。主句标 点是句号，则整个句子句末的标点是 句号。主句的标点是问号，则整句话 的标点是问号。
Do you know ? When will the plane leave? Do you know when the plane will leave ?
3).Do you think? Who can help you?
Who do you think is the cleverest student?
4. 宾语从句的简化 （宾语从句转化为简单句）
（1）当hope，decide, agree等后面有宾 语从句时，如果两个主语一致，可以简化 为 hope to do, decide to do, agree to do
二、时态
1. 如果主句是一般现在时，一般将来时， 祈使句时，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I know he lives here .
I know he lived here ten years ago . I know that he will come tomorrow .
2.如果主句是过去时，从句的时态一定要用相 对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过 去进行时，过去将来时） I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.
Could you tell us how much the picture costs ? Could you tell us how often you go to see your grandma ? Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?
3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问代词代词 （what, who, whom, which, whose）或疑问副词 （when, where, how, why）引导，这些疑问词本 身在从句中做一定成分不可以省略，语序用陈述 语序。 What do you want to say? I can think. I can think what you want to say. I don’t remember. When did they arrive? I don’t remember when we arrived .