口语突破英语的时态和语态

英语的时态和语态

概念：在英语中不同时间发生的动作谓语动词的表达形式也不一样，这就是时态。时态和时间紧密相连。

目标：口语突破语法。

实施步骤：

【1:弄懂语法含义及构成 2:收集实用句子 3:反复操练句子 4:举一反三】

概念：表示现在正在进行和发生的动作。

构成： be(am,is,are)+现在分词

现在分词的构成：

1)一般在动词后面直接加-ing：eating, drinking, reading

2）以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ing：come-coming, write-writing

3)需要双写最后一个字母的：

shop-shopping sit-sitting stop-stopping run-running swim-swimming get-getting begin-beginning plan-planning hit-hitting

beg-begging put-putting travel-travelling win-winning

cut—cutting wrap-wrapping skip—skipping clap—clapping regret—regretting forget--forgetting

例句：

1:I’m working on it. 2:He’s looking for a part-time job.

3:She is cooking/sleeping. 4:They are talking about you.

5:We are having English class. Can you call again later

6:It’s raining hard/again/outside.

7:What’s so funny Why are you laughing

8:The phone is ringing. Please answer it for me. I’m taking a shower. 9:Who are you taking to I’m talking to my mother.

10:You’re making great progress in English.你的英语有了很大的进步。（练习：用look for, wait for, talk about练习造句）

特殊语法一：现在进行时表示将来：

1:I’m leaving/coming. 2:My parents are coming to see me. 3:He is leaving for Hk tomorrow. 4:What are you doing later

5:I’m not working next week. 6:We’re having a party next weekend. 7:I’m not going out tonight. I’m staying at home.

8:What are you doing later

特殊用法二：与always，constantly等连用，含有说话人的主观色彩：

1:You are always complaining.

2:She is always changing her mind.

3:I am always forgetting people’s names.

4:You’re always watching TV, You’re always playing computer games.请随时随地脱口而出下列句子：

1:What are you doing 5:I’m reading./working.

2:What’s he doing 6:My mother is cooking/sleeping. 3:What are they doing 7:I’m not going.

4:Where are you going

9:She is getting fatter and fatter.

10:It’s getting hotter and hotter.

11:Ever day, in every way, I’m getting better and better.

概念：表示过去某个时刻或某个阶段正在进行的动作。

构成：was/were + 现在分词

1:What were you doing at this time last night

2:It was raining hard when I went to school this morning.

3:They were talking about me when I came in.

4:I was taking a shower when you called.

5:They were watching TV when the lights went out.

6:I was having dinner with my friend at 8 o’clock yesterday.

7:She was sleeping at this time last night.

8:My mother was waiting for me when I got home.

9:I was shopping at the market when I met my English teacher.

10:What did the teacher say just now Sorry, I wasn’t listening.

11:I called you yesterday morning but you weren’t at home,where were you

一般现在时主要用来表示经常性或反复性发生的动作，陈述事实及现在的状态构成：动词用原形，但主语是第三人称单数时动词要加-s

【主语是he,she,it,Tom, Tom’s father 等时】

动词第三人称单数的变化;

1)一般在动词后加-s：sing—sings,

like—likes

2)以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词，变-y为i再

加-es：

study-studies worry—worries carry---carries

3)以o,s,x,sh,ch结尾的动词，要加-es：

do—does go—goes wash—washes watch—watches

一：表示主语所具备的性格、特征、状态及喜好：

1:I’m an office worker. 2:Her mother is a nurse.