大学英语语法和写作College English Grammar and Writing 12 Clause Adverbial clauses38页PPT
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etc. Manner: as, as if, etc. Reason: as, because, for, in order that, since, so that,
that, etc. Degree: as, than, etc. Condition: in case, if, even if, provided, unless, etc. Concession: although, though, as, whereas, while, etc.
• She goes to any place. • There are always crowds of people. • They are waiting to see her. Wherever she goes, there are always crowds of people
waiting to see her.
2. Forms and kinds An adverbial clause always begins with subordinating conjunction (such as if, when, because, than, although) and includes a subject (S.) and a predicate (P.).
An adverbial clause = subordinating conjunction + S. + P.
Subordinating conjunctions that introduce adverbial clauses may indicate a relationship of time, place, manner, reason, condition or degree. They cannot be omitted. They cannot be subjects.
Here are kinds of adverbial clauses and some of their subordinating conjunctions.
Place: where, wherever Time: after, before, since, until, when, whenever, while,
1. Functions An adverbial clause is a subordinate clause that functions as an adverb to modify a verb, an adjective, or an adverb. It tells when, where, how, why, to what extent, or under what condition.
• He rang off. • I had no time to explain. He rang off before I could explain.
• He was exhausted. • He had been seemingly working for hours. He was exhausted as if he had been working for hours.
1.3. To modify an adverb • He was often disappointed. • He became hopeless. He was disappointed so often that he became
hopeless. [telling to what extent]
Uniቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 12
Clause: Adverbial clauses
• Grammar: Adverbial clauses • Writing:
Correcting: Article Misuse Rewriting: Periodic/Loose sentences
Adverbial Clauses
1.1. To modify a verb • She passed the driving test. • She obtained her driving license. After she had passed the driving test, she obtained her
driving license. [telling when]
3. Punctuation When an adverbial clause begins the sentence, a comma is used to separate it from the main clause.
• She hesitated for a moment. • She finally went in. • She asked to see a dress. • The dress was in the window. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in
and asked to see a dress that was in the window.
When the adverbial clause finishes the sentence there is no need for a comma.
• He waited and waited. • The volcano became quiet. He waited and waited until the volcano became quiet.
1.2. To modify an adjective • The library is a good place. • There we study well. • It is quiet. The library is a good place to study because it is
quiet. [telling why]
that, etc. Degree: as, than, etc. Condition: in case, if, even if, provided, unless, etc. Concession: although, though, as, whereas, while, etc.
• She goes to any place. • There are always crowds of people. • They are waiting to see her. Wherever she goes, there are always crowds of people
waiting to see her.
2. Forms and kinds An adverbial clause always begins with subordinating conjunction (such as if, when, because, than, although) and includes a subject (S.) and a predicate (P.).
An adverbial clause = subordinating conjunction + S. + P.
Subordinating conjunctions that introduce adverbial clauses may indicate a relationship of time, place, manner, reason, condition or degree. They cannot be omitted. They cannot be subjects.
Here are kinds of adverbial clauses and some of their subordinating conjunctions.
Place: where, wherever Time: after, before, since, until, when, whenever, while,
1. Functions An adverbial clause is a subordinate clause that functions as an adverb to modify a verb, an adjective, or an adverb. It tells when, where, how, why, to what extent, or under what condition.
• He rang off. • I had no time to explain. He rang off before I could explain.
• He was exhausted. • He had been seemingly working for hours. He was exhausted as if he had been working for hours.
1.3. To modify an adverb • He was often disappointed. • He became hopeless. He was disappointed so often that he became
hopeless. [telling to what extent]
Uniቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 12
Clause: Adverbial clauses
• Grammar: Adverbial clauses • Writing:
Correcting: Article Misuse Rewriting: Periodic/Loose sentences
Adverbial Clauses
1.1. To modify a verb • She passed the driving test. • She obtained her driving license. After she had passed the driving test, she obtained her
driving license. [telling when]
3. Punctuation When an adverbial clause begins the sentence, a comma is used to separate it from the main clause.
• She hesitated for a moment. • She finally went in. • She asked to see a dress. • The dress was in the window. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in
and asked to see a dress that was in the window.
When the adverbial clause finishes the sentence there is no need for a comma.
• He waited and waited. • The volcano became quiet. He waited and waited until the volcano became quiet.
1.2. To modify an adjective • The library is a good place. • There we study well. • It is quiet. The library is a good place to study because it is
quiet. [telling why]