(完整版)定语从句inwhich等的用法

in which, for which, on which, at which的不同用法

这些都是定语从句里面，由which引导的定语从句，介词提前。

in which可以翻译成在……里面

for which可以翻译成为了……目的

on which可以翻译成在……的上面，或具体时间的某一天

at which可以翻译成在……里面或在……上面

这些介词的使用除了意思上的区别，具体是要以which引导的从句而定的。

例如：

(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

= The school in which he once studied is very famous.

(2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.

= Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.

(3) I have a dresser in my bedroom, which there are many cosmetics on.

= I have a dresser in my bedroom on which there are many cosmetics.

(4)The dumpling House which he often has dumplings at is very popular.

= The dumpling House is very popular, at which he often has dumplings.

当然这只是介词作为基本意思的用法，还有一些固定搭配，得具体情况具体分析。

例如：

The plane may be several hours late, in which case there’s no point in our waiting.

（固定搭配：in the case)

The speaker paused to examine his notes, at which point a loud crash was heard.

（固定搭配：at the point)

Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight.（固定搭配：for the reason）

The film at which I fell asleep was very boring.

（Here "at which" is based on "fell asleep at the film"因为电影无聊而睡觉。）

The little creature in which scientists are interested is known as ET.

（这里"be interested in"是词组原因）

This is the book for which he is looking.

（即等于This is the book which he is looking for，这主要是因为look for 这一短语）

例题：1. I can’t believe that the restaurant, ______ I have eaten such wonderful meal, is going to be close down.

A. where

B. at which

C. about which

【解答】选B。这个是非限制性定语从句，at which在功能上等于where，但就本题而言只能选at which。因为at which I have eaten such wonderful meal是一个插入语，where固然可以引导，但是由于前面有了一个逗号，就只能用at which了。“我难以相信我曾经在里面美美地吃过几顿大餐的饭店就要关张了。”非限制性定语从句主要就是先行词+逗号“，”+介词

+which或者是先行词+逗号“，”+which，它和限定性定语从句的最显著区别一个是有逗号，一个是非限制定语从句总有which。

2. Wind power is an ancient source of energy ______ we may return in near future.

A. on which

B. by which

C. to which

D. from which

【解答】选C。return to其实，应该来说，就是一个固定搭配了，解释为回归到，但是呢，如果要说意思的话，也是说得通的，就是把句子换一换语序你就可以看出来了。“we may return to wind power in near future.”也就是说，看到prep.+ which这种形式，就可以直接把它扔到动词后面，然后在进行选择，看缺少哪个介词。

3. We have gathered nearly 100,000 quilts, _____up to half have gone to flood-hit areas.

A. with which

B. in which

C. for which

D. of which

【解答】选D。这里的which指的是，nearly 100,000 quilts（被褥），也就是说，后半句的主语是在这nearly 100,000 quilts里面的up to half。

例：I don’t know the reason why/for which he did it.

The reason why/for which he was fired was not clear.

There are many countries in Asia, of which China is the largest one.

亚洲有很多国家，中国是最大的一个。

附：whose和of which的区别

1. 关系代词whose，引导定语从句时，既可指人，又可指物，在从句中只能作定语；of whom 只能指人；of which只能指物，有时whose可以与of whom和of which互换使用。如：

The girl whose hair is golden is from England. 头发金色的那个女孩是英国人。

The house whose doors(of which the doors) are green is an office building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。

2. “介词+ whose +名词”引导定语从句。如：

I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 我爱我的祖国，为了她美好的未来我要努力工作。

3. 在下列情况下，一般只用of whom和of which。

(1) 定语从句的主语是few, little, some, most, many, much等时，一般只用of whom和of which。