文化信息的解读与翻译之注释讲解

注释性翻译 ≠ 解释性翻译
? 由于英汉文化存在诸多差异，原语中的某些文 化词语或文体信息在译语中无法表达，形成语 义上的空缺。为了弥补空缺，常常需要采用加 注释的方法。注释性翻译是采用一种显而易见 的加注的翻译。
? 解释性翻译则是直接将缺失的信息融入译文中 ，是一种隐性填补文化缺失的方法。必须遵循 通顺、适度、情节和文体这四个原则。分为解 释性增补法和解释性替代法。
他在戏中扮演包公。
? He played the male role of Judge Bao in the play. Note: Judge Bao is the judge and
impartial judge in Chinese history.
我属鸡。我从来不吃鸡。鸡年是我的本命年。
你听过三顾茅庐的故事吗？
? Have you ever heard of the story about “visiting three times at Zhuge Liang's thatched cottage”?
Note: Zhuge Liang was a hero of the Three Kingdoms Period. He had to be asked three times before he would grant a interview to Liu Bei, whom he afterwards served, and helped to become emperor.
? Spring Festival 1993, for example, is the first day of the rooster as their life symbol. All other years of the rooster, according to an old Chinese saying, become either good-or-bad-luck years for them.
如：
? 周瑜打黄盖，一个愿打，一个愿挨。
Note: Zhouyu, Huanggai , two great generals during Three Kingdoms Period.
为达到文化交流的最佳效果，注释法应在恰当 场合使用，以提高翻译的信息度和有效度。
? 用于为专用名词提供附加的文化信息 ? 用于保留原语的形象表示法 ? 用于解释不同的风俗习惯 ? 用于为典故提供文化信息 ? 用于指出本身语意不清的原语句子
加注释可以分为 直译加注释和音译加注释
许多外国人中国龙文化不甚了解。
? Many foreigners are not very familiar with Chinese Long culture.
Note: Long is a spiritual tie linking the Chinese people. The Long, as the symbol of the Chinese culture. Chinese people are proud to call themselves “the offspring of the Long”.
Note: the absolute equalitarianism whereby everyone gets the usual pay and benefits irrespective of his performance.
Thanks
? 郭紫璠、林梦秋、彭春素、 ? 叶秋玲、余洁莹
? I was born in the Year of the Rooster. I never eat chicken. The Year of the Rooster will bring me good luck or bad luck.
? Chinese people traditionally use 12 animals, representing the 12 Earthly Branches, to symbolize the year in which a person is born.
Translation Techniques in Translation of Culture
加注释
如果在翻译时仅是翻译语言文字，例如 采用直译的手段，会出现词不达意的情 况，于是运用意译手法就势在必行，但 是，有时会出现一些承载太多原语文化 信息的句子，这时译者就必须将原语文 化信息填补上，以便向译文读者解释清 楚，此时就可以采用加注释的方式，将 句子解释清楚。
由于全国试行了经济改革，中国农民已打破了 延续几十年的大锅饭制度。
? Thanks to the economic reform across the country, famers in China have smashed the “common big rice pot” system that exists for decades.
林边有一个洞，叫白龙洞，传说白蛇传 的白娘子曾经在这里修炼。
? Near the forest is the White Dragon Cave which is said to be the very place where Lady White , the legendary heroine of The Story of the Whitቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ Snake, cultivated herself according to Buddhist doctrine .