英语词汇学英语的搭配(全英)[优质ppt]
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初中英语词汇学精美课件ppt (1)

• oligarchy ['ɔliɡɑ:ki]
(olig-少,寡+ archy 统治→政治)→
寡头政治,寡头统治
• polyarchy [ archy) →
多头政治
• gynarchy ['ɡainɑ:ki]
(gyn-妇+ archy) →
妇人政治
• patriarch ['peitriɑ:k ]
11. anthrop(o):人,人类
• anthropology [,ænθrə'pɔlədʒi] (anthropo + -logy 学科)→ 人类学
• anthropography [,ænθrə‘pɔɡrəfi] (anthropo + -graphy…学)→ 人类志,人类分布学
• anthropoid ['ænθrəupɔid] n./adj. (anthropo+ -oid 外形)→ 类人猿
(astro +dome圆屋顶) → 天文航行舱;天体观测窗
• astronavigation ['æstrəu,nævi'ɡeiʃən]
(astro + navigation航行) →
太空航行
• asteromycin
(aster + o + mycin霉菌素) →
星霉素
15. atmo:大气,蒸汽
• archangel ['ɑ:keindʒəl] (arch+ angel 天使)→
大天使,天使长
• archfiend [,ɑ:tʃ'fi:nd] (arch+ fiend 魔鬼) → 魔王,撒旦
初中英语词汇学精美课件ppt (3)

Belligerency = 交战,好战状态
2. Biblio = book Bibliofilm = biLeabharlann lio- + film(交卷)
微缩胶卷 Bibliography = biblio- + -graphy(书,画)
参考书目,文献
Bibliology = biblio- + -logy(学科) 目录学,圣经学
生物合成
Bioclean 无菌的 Bioclimatic 生物气候的
4. Brev = Short
Brevity = brev- + -ity(n) = 简洁,简明
Brevirostrate= brev- +i + rostrate(有喙的 短喙的
Abbreviate = ab-(加强)+ brev- +i + -ate(v.使成为)缩短
5. Brig = Fight
Brigand = brig- + -and(n. 对象 )土匪 Brigandish= brigand+ -ish(adj, …似的)
土匪般的
Brigandage=brigand+ -age(n.行为,动作) 土匪行为,抢劫
Brigade 旅,帮, 伙 Brigadier 准将 Brigantine 双桅帆船
1. Bell
= War
Bellcose = bell- + cose(交谈)
好斗的,好争辩的
Bellicism= bell- +-ic(adj.属于的)+ -ism
好战性,好战倾向
Belligerent = bell- + i + -ger(携带)+ -ent (adj.性质,状态)好斗的,交战的 Belligerent country 交战国
2. Biblio = book Bibliofilm = biLeabharlann lio- + film(交卷)
微缩胶卷 Bibliography = biblio- + -graphy(书,画)
参考书目,文献
Bibliology = biblio- + -logy(学科) 目录学,圣经学
生物合成
Bioclean 无菌的 Bioclimatic 生物气候的
4. Brev = Short
Brevity = brev- + -ity(n) = 简洁,简明
Brevirostrate= brev- +i + rostrate(有喙的 短喙的
Abbreviate = ab-(加强)+ brev- +i + -ate(v.使成为)缩短
5. Brig = Fight
Brigand = brig- + -and(n. 对象 )土匪 Brigandish= brigand+ -ish(adj, …似的)
土匪般的
Brigandage=brigand+ -age(n.行为,动作) 土匪行为,抢劫
Brigade 旅,帮, 伙 Brigadier 准将 Brigantine 双桅帆船
1. Bell
= War
Bellcose = bell- + cose(交谈)
好斗的,好争辩的
Bellicism= bell- +-ic(adj.属于的)+ -ism
好战性,好战倾向
Belligerent = bell- + i + -ger(携带)+ -ent (adj.性质,状态)好斗的,交战的 Belligerent country 交战国
英语词汇学之构词法PPT课件

-en
woolen, golden, wooden, earthen…
-ent different, dependent, existent, consistent…
-ic
realistic, poetic, historic, economic…
November 18, 2023
14
常见后缀2—形容词后缀
11
常见后缀1—名词后缀
后缀 例词
-an
Asian, American, Russian, African…
-ance attendance, performance, assistance…
-ation education, examination, pronunciation…
-dom
freedom, kingdom, wisdom, boredom…
spy(监视)
lower(更低的) lower(降低)
1818
其它构词法之截短法
缺点
杂乱 不喜欢
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常见前缀3—特定意思
构成方式
anti-(反) auto-(自动) bi-(双) centi-(百分之一的) co-(共同) down(向下) ex-(以前的) fore-(前部的) full-(完全) November 18, 2023
例词
antiwar, anticancer, antipollution… automatic, autotimer, auto-record… bicycle, binoculars… centimeter, centigram, centigrade… co-operate, co-edit, co-exit… downstairs, downhill, downwards… ex-wife, ex-lover, ex-husband… forehead, foreleg, forearm… full-time, full-speed, full-strength…
《英语词汇学第一章》PPT课件

A morpheme may be represented by one syllable, lik e boy and child, or by two or more syllables, as in la· dy, cro·co·dile, etc.
• B. Allomorphs 词素变体 • A morpheme may take various shapes or forms. • 如:books, pigs, horses共同词素是什么? • 曲折词素-(e)s。 • 有三种不同发音:/-s, -z, -iz/
• An elusive notion • have has had ? • friend friends ?
• entry词条in a dictionary --- lexeme 词位 • word form 词形:词的不同形状 • lexical unit 词汇单位:一个词形跟一个意义的结合
• Definition: • A word is an independent, minimal, meaningful linguistic unit.
• 粘着词根大多源自希腊语或拉丁语,不能独立使用。
• 观察下面几个单词,找出共同词根: • revive, vitamin, vital, vivacious, vivid • 拉丁词根:vit-/viv-, 意思:life or live • 复兴,复活;维生素;十分重要的;生机勃勃的,活泼的;生动的
zable into smaller forms. • 词素是语言中最小的语音语义结合体。(P13)
• Q: What’s the difference between a “word” & a “morpheme”? • 词:能独立运用的、最小的语音语义结合体 • 词素:不一定能独立运用 • Example • 试分析:denationalization共有几个词素? • nation • nation+al • nation+al+ize • de-nation+al+ize • de-nation-al-iz-ation 使非国有化,使私营化
• B. Allomorphs 词素变体 • A morpheme may take various shapes or forms. • 如:books, pigs, horses共同词素是什么? • 曲折词素-(e)s。 • 有三种不同发音:/-s, -z, -iz/
• An elusive notion • have has had ? • friend friends ?
• entry词条in a dictionary --- lexeme 词位 • word form 词形:词的不同形状 • lexical unit 词汇单位:一个词形跟一个意义的结合
• Definition: • A word is an independent, minimal, meaningful linguistic unit.
• 粘着词根大多源自希腊语或拉丁语,不能独立使用。
• 观察下面几个单词,找出共同词根: • revive, vitamin, vital, vivacious, vivid • 拉丁词根:vit-/viv-, 意思:life or live • 复兴,复活;维生素;十分重要的;生机勃勃的,活泼的;生动的
zable into smaller forms. • 词素是语言中最小的语音语义结合体。(P13)
• Q: What’s the difference between a “word” & a “morpheme”? • 词:能独立运用的、最小的语音语义结合体 • 词素:不一定能独立运用 • Example • 试分析:denationalization共有几个词素? • nation • nation+al • nation+al+ize • de-nation+al+ize • de-nation-al-iz-ation 使非国有化,使私营化
英语词汇学英语的搭配(全英)ppt课件

13
1
主要内容
什么是搭配? 搭配的理据 搭配的基本类型 搭配的特点 常见搭配举例
2
什么是搭配
1.1 搭配的定义 1.2 搭配的意义 1.3 词语的组合类型
3
Definition of
Collocation
习惯上连在一起使用 并被视为单个词项的两个 或两个以上的词的组合叫 做搭配。4Significance
make a call
do the shopping make an arrangement
7
4. 搭配具有开放性的特点,可以与时俱进。 Eg:
bird flu(禽流感) digital camera(数码相机) knowledge economy(知识经济) brain science(脑科学) human cloning(人体克隆)
6
3.搭配可以使语言交流形式多样,意义简洁。
如:make 和 do 这两个词与其他词语构成的 搭配不仅形式灵活,而且表意清楚。
do the cooking
make the mistake
do the washing
make the bed
do your hair
make money
do your homework
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搭配的理据
A. 语法理据
a. 语法结构意义 Eg: The fire was an unsuspected disaster to everyone.
b. 词类功能意义 an unsuspected disaster an起限定作用, disaster具有中心词作用, unsuspected 则具有修饰功能。
8
Basic Types of Collocation
1
主要内容
什么是搭配? 搭配的理据 搭配的基本类型 搭配的特点 常见搭配举例
2
什么是搭配
1.1 搭配的定义 1.2 搭配的意义 1.3 词语的组合类型
3
Definition of
Collocation
习惯上连在一起使用 并被视为单个词项的两个 或两个以上的词的组合叫 做搭配。4Significance
make a call
do the shopping make an arrangement
7
4. 搭配具有开放性的特点,可以与时俱进。 Eg:
bird flu(禽流感) digital camera(数码相机) knowledge economy(知识经济) brain science(脑科学) human cloning(人体克隆)
6
3.搭配可以使语言交流形式多样,意义简洁。
如:make 和 do 这两个词与其他词语构成的 搭配不仅形式灵活,而且表意清楚。
do the cooking
make the mistake
do the washing
make the bed
do your hair
make money
do your homework
9
搭配的理据
A. 语法理据
a. 语法结构意义 Eg: The fire was an unsuspected disaster to everyone.
b. 词类功能意义 an unsuspected disaster an起限定作用, disaster具有中心词作用, unsuspected 则具有修饰功能。
8
Basic Types of Collocation
英语词汇学授课课件 PPT

❖ 2. synonyms and idioms
B: rapid growth of present-day English Vocabulary and Its causes
❖ Neologisms(新词) after World War II ❖ Reasons: ❖ 1. progress of science and technology科技
❖ This definition emphasizes syntax(句法), but does not touch upon meaning.
Antoine Meillet
❖ “A word is defined by the association of a given sense with a given group of sounds capable of a given grammatical use.” (p.2, para.2 )
Bloomfield布洛姆菲尔德(美国语言学家教育 家) and ❖ a French linguist, Antoine Meillet(梅耶,法 国语言学家)
Bloomfield
❖ “some linguistic forms(语言形态), which we call bound forms(限定/非自由形态) are never used as sentences.
invaded by Angles盎格鲁, Saxons撒克逊, Jutes朱特人
❖ Vocabulary: 5000-6000 words,chiefly Anglo-Saxon/ some Old Norse古斯堪的那维 亚语
❖ Old Norse words (are, they, their, them, till, call, die, give, take, skin, window, ill, weak)
B: rapid growth of present-day English Vocabulary and Its causes
❖ Neologisms(新词) after World War II ❖ Reasons: ❖ 1. progress of science and technology科技
❖ This definition emphasizes syntax(句法), but does not touch upon meaning.
Antoine Meillet
❖ “A word is defined by the association of a given sense with a given group of sounds capable of a given grammatical use.” (p.2, para.2 )
Bloomfield布洛姆菲尔德(美国语言学家教育 家) and ❖ a French linguist, Antoine Meillet(梅耶,法 国语言学家)
Bloomfield
❖ “some linguistic forms(语言形态), which we call bound forms(限定/非自由形态) are never used as sentences.
invaded by Angles盎格鲁, Saxons撒克逊, Jutes朱特人
❖ Vocabulary: 5000-6000 words,chiefly Anglo-Saxon/ some Old Norse古斯堪的那维 亚语
❖ Old Norse words (are, they, their, them, till, call, die, give, take, skin, window, ill, weak)
英语字母组合PPT课件

n钱.钱袋包; ,mercy [‘mə:si]
n.怜悯; 宽容;
我饿ir,你饿ur,一起饿er,都发ə:
发[ ə ]的字母组合
sister [’sistə] n.姐,妹
adj主要
的; 重要
major ['meidʒə] 的;
dollar ['dɒlə]
n.主修
科目
n.美元
meter
['mi:tə]
n.犁;
doubt [dɑut]
n.怀疑,疑 虑
发[ iə]的字母组合
ear [iə]
n.耳朵 deer [diə]
n.鹿
fear
[fiə]
v害怕
cheer [tʃiə]
vt欢呼; 使 高兴
dear [diə]
adj.亲爱 的
beer
[biə]
n.啤酒
发[ eə]的字母组合
air fair pair
adj.少量的 tiny
['taini] adj.极小的,
微小的
middle
['midl]
n.中央; 中 部,中间; adj.中间的; 中部的
dirty
['dɜ:ti] adj.肮脏的
; 恶劣的
i,y.蜡烛和灯芯
发[ u: ]的字母组合
who [hu:]
pron.谁; 什么人
boot
[bu:t]
n.长靴, soup [su:p] n.汤
[kɑ:]
car
n.汽车
[stɑ:]
star
n.明星,星级
far,start, art, dart, garden, jar, part, card, park
初中英语词汇学精美课件ppt (5)

Spec(i),spect,spic,specul=look(看)
• Spectacle=spect(看)+acle名词 后缀
• n.奇观,景象;光景,场面 • Specious=speci (看)+ous ...的. • a.华而不实的 • Speculate= specul (看)+ate动
词后缀 • v.推测,推断,投机
Spir=breathe(呼吸)
• Spirit=spir(呼吸)+it名词后缀 • n.精神,气概;情绪,心情
• Conspiracy=con(共同)+spir(呼 吸)+acy名词后缀
• n.同谋,Βιβλιοθήκη 谋• Perspire=per(贯穿,自始至 终)+spire
• v.出汗
• Aspire=a(加强)+spire(呼 吸)
• Soliloquy=sol+loqu说话 +y名词后缀
• n.自言自语
• Desolate=de(离 开)+sol+ate形容词后缀
• a. 荒废的,荒凉的
• Circumsolar a.环日的, 近日的
• Parasol n.太阳伞 • Solar a.太阳的,太阳光的
• Sol=sun(太阳)
• v.有抱负,立志做某事.
• Expire = ex(出) + pir(=spir)+e(动词后缀)
• v.期满;断气死亡
• Respire=re(一再)+spire • v.连续呼吸,透口气
• a.无所不知的
• Sophisticate=sophist( 诡辩家)+ic+ate(形容词后 缀,有...性质的)
英语词汇学 ppt课件

3. Varieties of English 4. Classification of languages
ppt课件
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Chapter 1 A Brief Survey
of the English Language
Definition of Word Bloomfield: some linguistic forms, which we call bound forms are never used as sentences.
Vocabulary(口语化), lexis(两者 之间), lexicon(学术味) (词汇)
ppt课件
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1011学年第二学期词汇学试题类型 I. Explain the following terms. (20 points)
II. Complete the following statements or passages with
ppt课件
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1) OE Dialects 方言
West Saxon西撒克逊语 Kentish肯特语 Mercian莫西亚语 Northumbrian北恩布瑞安语
ppt课件
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2) OE Vocabulary 词汇
Compounding: for-(forbid, forget), in-, -ful, -dom, -
8. What is the difference between root antonyms and derivational antonyms?
9. State the vital role of context in determination of word meaning.
10. What are verb phrase idioms? What are their peculiar features?
ppt课件
7
Chapter 1 A Brief Survey
of the English Language
Definition of Word Bloomfield: some linguistic forms, which we call bound forms are never used as sentences.
Vocabulary(口语化), lexis(两者 之间), lexicon(学术味) (词汇)
ppt课件
1
1011学年第二学期词汇学试题类型 I. Explain the following terms. (20 points)
II. Complete the following statements or passages with
ppt课件
17
1) OE Dialects 方言
West Saxon西撒克逊语 Kentish肯特语 Mercian莫西亚语 Northumbrian北恩布瑞安语
ppt课件
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2) OE Vocabulary 词汇
Compounding: for-(forbid, forget), in-, -ful, -dom, -
8. What is the difference between root antonyms and derivational antonyms?
9. State the vital role of context in determination of word meaning.
10. What are verb phrase idioms? What are their peculiar features?
初中英语词汇学精美课件ppt (2)

magnanimous,n.(magn大,anim
心,-ous用作adj.后缀)
“大的心”即慷慨的,宽宏大量的
How about”reanimate,equanimity”?
“重新获得力量,重振” “镇静,沉着”
animal,n.(anim气息,-al表示物
体的n.后缀)
“有气息的物体”,即动物
animalcule,n.(anim气息,-al表示
n.后缀,-cule小,微量的n.后缀)
“小而微量的动物”即微生物
animate,n.(anim气息,-ate此时
用作adj.词尾)
“有气息的”即有生命的,活的
ambul 行走,-ant……的)
“夜晚行走”即梦游Fra bibliotek perambulate ,v. (per贯穿,到
处,ambul行走, -ate动词后缀 )
“徘徊,漫步于”
How about“preambulate”?
“作序言”
AMPL=LARGE,SPACIOUS“大,宽”
amplitude , n.( ampl 大,-itude 抽象n.
“和蔼亲切的,友好的”
amorous,adj.(amor爱, - ous……的,adj.后缀)
“色情的,情爱的”
Please guess what are the means of the two words ”enamour,glamorize”?
“使迷恋,使倾心”
“使更有魅力,美化”
“放大(声音),进一步阐述”
ANN/ENN/ANIL=YEAR年
annual,n.(ann年,-ual, adj.后缀)
初中英语词汇学精美课件ppt (13)

• be/become effective 开始生效、 实施
efficient (adj.)
working well,ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱuickly and without wasting time or energy 高效率的,效率高的
eg. a very efficient secretary
fatigue (n.)
accuse (v.)
to say that sb. has done sth. wrong or illegal 控告;谴责(某人)
eg. Don't accuse me of stealing from you. 别说我偷你东西。
谢谢观看~!
• mature (adj.)
1.physically, mentally, emotionally, etc, grownup 成熟的
eg. Be mature and stop acting as if you were a baby. 成熟点儿,别表现得像个孩子。
2.(of plans, theories, etc) fully considered 成熟的
refuse (v.)
1.to say firmly that you will not do or accept sth. 拒绝, 不接受
eg. The best thing is to refuse. 最明智的做法就是拒绝。 2. to not give or allow sb. sth. that they want.拒绝(给某
eg. We should upbuild mature system of law and statute. 我们应该建立完备的法律、法规体系。
effective (adj.)
efficient (adj.)
working well,ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱuickly and without wasting time or energy 高效率的,效率高的
eg. a very efficient secretary
fatigue (n.)
accuse (v.)
to say that sb. has done sth. wrong or illegal 控告;谴责(某人)
eg. Don't accuse me of stealing from you. 别说我偷你东西。
谢谢观看~!
• mature (adj.)
1.physically, mentally, emotionally, etc, grownup 成熟的
eg. Be mature and stop acting as if you were a baby. 成熟点儿,别表现得像个孩子。
2.(of plans, theories, etc) fully considered 成熟的
refuse (v.)
1.to say firmly that you will not do or accept sth. 拒绝, 不接受
eg. The best thing is to refuse. 最明智的做法就是拒绝。 2. to not give or allow sb. sth. that they want.拒绝(给某
eg. We should upbuild mature system of law and statute. 我们应该建立完备的法律、法规体系。
effective (adj.)
初中英语词汇学精美课件ppt (1)

“两年一次的,(植物)两年生的”
anniversary,n.(ann年,-i-起连接 作用,vers转,-ary,作n.后缀) “一年转换一次的”即周年纪念
How about”superannuated”?
ANIM=BREATH气息;MIND心
animal,n.(anim气息,-al表示物
的后缀 )
“幅度,振幅,波幅”
radioamplifier,n.(radio广播,无线电
收发设备,ampl大,-i-连接
词 ,-fier表 示n.后缀)
“高频放大器”
amply,n.(ampl大 ,-y常用作副词词
尾)
“广大的,广泛的,详细的”
How about”amplify”?
ambul 行走,-ant……的)
“夜晚行走”即梦游
perambulate ,v. (per贯穿,到
处,ambul行走, -ate常
用作动词词尾 )
“徘徊,漫步于”
How
about“preambulate,promenade”?
AMPL=LARGE,SPACIOUS“大,宽”
amplitude , n.( ampl 大,-itude 抽象n.
体的n.后缀)
“有气息的物体”,即动物
animalcule,n.(anim气息,-al表示
n.后缀,-cule小,微量的n.后缀)
“小而微量的动物”即微生物
animate,n.(anim气息,-ate此时
用作adj.词尾)
“有气息的”即有生命的,活的
初中英语词汇学精美课件pp t(5)

welcome! H.W. from 66 to 70
I: fact,fac=“do,make”做,作
Factory ~~做 + ory场所
=工厂
Benefactor ~~bene好+做+or人
=捐助者
Malefaction/mælə'fækʃən/ ~~male-坏+做+人
=做坏事的人,罪犯
Factitio[fæk'tiʃəs] ~~做+tious表示"...的";"具有...
Inflate ~~in“使”+膨胀 =使膨胀
Inflation~~inflate去e+ion表“状态” =通货膨胀,(充气引起的)膨胀
Deflate~~↔inflate→ =使漏气,使干瘪
Deflation~~deflate去e+ion =通货紧缩,放气
Conflation~~con(m)共同+flate+ion =熔合,混合
Confer~~con(com)一起完全+拿,带
=商谈
Floriferous ~~ fori表示花+带+abj.词缀
=有花的
Aquiferous ~~aqui水+带ous ~~ cruci(法)在十字架上钉的 死刑+带+adj.词缀
花科的
=有十字形的,十字
III:fic,fig=虚构的,编造的
的
=人工的
fact,fac=“do,make”做,作
Facile/fæ sail] ~~做+ile Adj.词尾。不费力的 =容易做到的
Facility~~做+ity表示性质 =设备,设施
I: fact,fac=“do,make”做,作
Factory ~~做 + ory场所
=工厂
Benefactor ~~bene好+做+or人
=捐助者
Malefaction/mælə'fækʃən/ ~~male-坏+做+人
=做坏事的人,罪犯
Factitio[fæk'tiʃəs] ~~做+tious表示"...的";"具有...
Inflate ~~in“使”+膨胀 =使膨胀
Inflation~~inflate去e+ion表“状态” =通货膨胀,(充气引起的)膨胀
Deflate~~↔inflate→ =使漏气,使干瘪
Deflation~~deflate去e+ion =通货紧缩,放气
Conflation~~con(m)共同+flate+ion =熔合,混合
Confer~~con(com)一起完全+拿,带
=商谈
Floriferous ~~ fori表示花+带+abj.词缀
=有花的
Aquiferous ~~aqui水+带ous ~~ cruci(法)在十字架上钉的 死刑+带+adj.词缀
花科的
=有十字形的,十字
III:fic,fig=虚构的,编造的
的
=人工的
fact,fac=“do,make”做,作
Facile/fæ sail] ~~做+ile Adj.词尾。不费力的 =容易做到的
Facility~~做+ity表示性质 =设备,设施
ChapterFour英语词汇学PPT

Definition of Antonyms
Antonyms are words that have opposite or contrasting meanings
Types of Antonyms
Antonyms can be classified into gradable Antonyms, which exists on a scale (e.g., hot/cold), and complete Antonyms, which represents two mutually exclusive categories (e.g., male/female)
Distinguishing synonyms
Synonyms of differences in annotation, emotional color, stylistic level, and location
Antonyms and their corresponding relationships
02
Classification and Composition of
English Vocabulary
Basic vocabulary and professional vocabulary
Basic Vocabulary
Basic vocabulary refers to the core set of words that are essential for daily communication and are typically learned in the early stages of language acquisition These words are generally simple, frequently used, and have a broad range of means
Antonyms are words that have opposite or contrasting meanings
Types of Antonyms
Antonyms can be classified into gradable Antonyms, which exists on a scale (e.g., hot/cold), and complete Antonyms, which represents two mutually exclusive categories (e.g., male/female)
Distinguishing synonyms
Synonyms of differences in annotation, emotional color, stylistic level, and location
Antonyms and their corresponding relationships
02
Classification and Composition of
English Vocabulary
Basic vocabulary and professional vocabulary
Basic Vocabulary
Basic vocabulary refers to the core set of words that are essential for daily communication and are typically learned in the early stages of language acquisition These words are generally simple, frequently used, and have a broad range of means
初中英语词汇学精美课件ppt (6)

Crucify=cruc(十字)+i+fi(改y为i 动词后缀)
Vt.折磨,十字架上钉死
Cosmopolis=cosmo(宇宙)+polis (城市) n.国际都市
cosmonautics=cosmo(宇宙)+ naut(船)+ics(..学)
n.航天学
cred=to believe(相信,信任) Credible=cred(相信,信任)+ible(可..的)
Adj.可信的,可靠的
Credulous=cred(相信)+ulous(易…的) Adj,易信的,轻信的
Corp/corpor=body(体)
corporation=corpor(体)+ation(由众人组 成的一个整体)
n.社团,法人,公司
Corps=corp(团体)+s(复数) n军团,兵队
Incorporate=in(做,作成)+corpor(体) +ate(后缀) v.合并,使组成公司
Corporal=corpor(身体)+al(…的) Adj.身体的,肉体的
Incorporeal=in(非 ,无)+corpor (体)+eal(…的)
Adj,无实体的,
Cosm(o)=universe(宇宙,世界) Cosmic=cosm(宇宙)+iogy=cosmo(宇宙)+logy(..学)
n.宇宙论,宇宙哲学
Cosmonaut=cosmo(宇宙)+naut(船) n.航天员,宇航员
n.民主政治,民主主义
Democrat=demo(人民)+crat(统治) -----让人民去统治 n.民主党人,民主主义者
Vt.折磨,十字架上钉死
Cosmopolis=cosmo(宇宙)+polis (城市) n.国际都市
cosmonautics=cosmo(宇宙)+ naut(船)+ics(..学)
n.航天学
cred=to believe(相信,信任) Credible=cred(相信,信任)+ible(可..的)
Adj.可信的,可靠的
Credulous=cred(相信)+ulous(易…的) Adj,易信的,轻信的
Corp/corpor=body(体)
corporation=corpor(体)+ation(由众人组 成的一个整体)
n.社团,法人,公司
Corps=corp(团体)+s(复数) n军团,兵队
Incorporate=in(做,作成)+corpor(体) +ate(后缀) v.合并,使组成公司
Corporal=corpor(身体)+al(…的) Adj.身体的,肉体的
Incorporeal=in(非 ,无)+corpor (体)+eal(…的)
Adj,无实体的,
Cosm(o)=universe(宇宙,世界) Cosmic=cosm(宇宙)+iogy=cosmo(宇宙)+logy(..学)
n.宇宙论,宇宙哲学
Cosmonaut=cosmo(宇宙)+naut(船) n.航天员,宇航员
n.民主政治,民主主义
Democrat=demo(人民)+crat(统治) -----让人民去统治 n.民主党人,民主主义者
初中英语词汇学精美课件ppt (3)

• 1,exclaim(ex出+claim)叫喊;大声 说
• 2,acclaim[ə'kleim] (ac一再,加强
意义+claim→一再喊)欢呼;喝采
• 3,acclamation[͵æ klə'meiʃən]
(ac+clam+ation)喝采,称赞
• 4,proclaim • (pro在前+claim→在前面喊→公布)
36, circ=ring,circle,表示 “圆,环”
1,encircle(en-使、、、成+circ圆+ 名词后缀-le)v,环绕,包围
• 2,semicircle(semi半+circle圆)半 圆
• 3, circuit
• (circ:环;-u-起连接作用;it:go 行)环行;电路
• 4,circuity(+-y名词后缀) n,迂回, 绕行
塞
• 3,preclude
• (pre预先+clude→预先关好→预防) v 预防;杜绝
40,cord=heart心
• 1,accord [ac-表示to,cord心; “心心相印”] 一致,协调,符合, 使一致
• 2,accordant [见上,-ant形容词后 缀,…的] 一致的,协调的
• 3,core [cor=cord心] 核心
• 1,cordial
• [cord心,-ial形容词后缀, …的] • 衷心的,诚心的
• 2, concord • [con-共同,相同,cord心,意;“同
心合意”] n,和谐,同意,一致,协调
• 3,concordant • [-ant形容词后缀, …的] 和谐的,一
致的,协调的
• 2,acclaim[ə'kleim] (ac一再,加强
意义+claim→一再喊)欢呼;喝采
• 3,acclamation[͵æ klə'meiʃən]
(ac+clam+ation)喝采,称赞
• 4,proclaim • (pro在前+claim→在前面喊→公布)
36, circ=ring,circle,表示 “圆,环”
1,encircle(en-使、、、成+circ圆+ 名词后缀-le)v,环绕,包围
• 2,semicircle(semi半+circle圆)半 圆
• 3, circuit
• (circ:环;-u-起连接作用;it:go 行)环行;电路
• 4,circuity(+-y名词后缀) n,迂回, 绕行
塞
• 3,preclude
• (pre预先+clude→预先关好→预防) v 预防;杜绝
40,cord=heart心
• 1,accord [ac-表示to,cord心; “心心相印”] 一致,协调,符合, 使一致
• 2,accordant [见上,-ant形容词后 缀,…的] 一致的,协调的
• 3,core [cor=cord心] 核心
• 1,cordial
• [cord心,-ial形容词后缀, …的] • 衷心的,诚心的
• 2, concord • [con-共同,相同,cord心,意;“同
心合意”] n,和谐,同意,一致,协调
• 3,concordant • [-ant形容词后缀, …的] 和谐的,一
致的,协调的
英语词汇学第2讲PPT课件

– By origin – By usage – By notion
By Origin
Native words Loan words
By Origin: The Native Elements
Features of the native element: 1. All-national character 2. Great stability 3. Monosyllabic 4. Word-forming ability 5. Wide collocability 6. Plurality of meanings 7. High frequency value 8. Stylistically neutral
Classification
The English vocabulary consists of different kinds of words, which may be classified by different criteria.
In this section we will discuss three main criteria:
VOCABULARY
Slang, jargon & cant
Slang is the language of a highly colloquial type, considered as below the level of standard educated speech, and consisting either of new words or of current words used in some social sense.
A Brain Teaser
Which word is the longest in English?
By Origin
Native words Loan words
By Origin: The Native Elements
Features of the native element: 1. All-national character 2. Great stability 3. Monosyllabic 4. Word-forming ability 5. Wide collocability 6. Plurality of meanings 7. High frequency value 8. Stylistically neutral
Classification
The English vocabulary consists of different kinds of words, which may be classified by different criteria.
In this section we will discuss three main criteria:
VOCABULARY
Slang, jargon & cant
Slang is the language of a highly colloquial type, considered as below the level of standard educated speech, and consisting either of new words or of current words used in some social sense.
A Brain Teaser
Which word is the longest in English?
初中英语词汇学精美课件ppt

NO.32 The pot called the kettle black.
• Kettle n. (烧水用的)壶,水壶
the proverb is quoted as a comment by a third person when one person blames another for weaknesses he himself possesses 锅嫌水壶黑;有心说人 无意责己; 五十步笑百步
轮中有轮 幕后有人;情况错综复 杂
Байду номын сангаас
丘, 无意义的事,小困难(或障碍)
Don’t make a small difficulty of an important matter appear greater or more important than it is ;don’t exaggerate
不要大惊小怪 | 不要言过其实
NO.35 Too many cooks spoil the broth.
NO.31 to NO.40
NO.31 Better be the head of a dog(an ass) than the tail of a lion(horse).
better be foremost among commors than the lowest of the best
宁为犬首, 不做狮尾(宁为鸡口,不为牛后)
厨子多了煮坏汤
七手八脚反误事
NO.36 The child is the father of the man .
Every man was once a child and his character has developed from his character as a child
英语语法组合规则 PPT

(4)支配式:“司令、叹气、挂钩、吹牛、 跳舞、站岗、鞠躬”。up-to-date(最新式 的)、outnumber(超过数目)、 beforetime(从前、以前)
(5)陈述式:“月亮、脸红、眼热、胆怯、 民主、口吃”。mind-blindness(精神性 盲)、earthquake(地震)。
语素组合成词,这是语法单位的第一次增量。 《现代汉语词典》中字和词的比例约为1:6,
上古汉语中一般的宾语放在述语之后,而疑 问句、否定句的代词宾语要放在述语之前, 如“何有”“时不我待”。有些语言中述 宾之间具有一定的形式标记,如日语中, 宾语在前,述语在后,中间用宾格助词を作 为标记。食事をする/吃饭(把饭吃)
本を読む/读书(把书读)
有时述语所支配涉及的对象有两个,一个是 动作行为直接支配的对象,叫直接宾语, 一般是表示事物的名词性成分;一个是动 作行为间接关涉到的对象,叫间接宾语, 一般是表示人的名词性成分。
这个数字大致也就是语素和词之比,也就是 说,汉语从语素到词扩大了5倍。
所以,掌握语素和构词法,可以达到以简驭繁, 有效扩大词汇量的目的。
音:声音、发音、语音、噪音、杂音 温:温度、体温、气温、水温、温暖、温柔
西方语言的构词以派生法为主,前缀和后缀 特别重要,懂得构词法,善于分析一个词 的结构,准确划分其语素构成,对于掌握 新词,扩大词汇量有很大的帮助。如
英语语法组合规则
语法的组合规则包括语素组合成词的规则 和语素组合成词的规则叫构词法,它和词 的变化规则合在一起叫做词法。
词组合成句子的规则叫做句法。
词法
语法
派生构词法
(形态构词法或附加法)
构词法
复合法
(句法构词法)
构形法
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只要符合语法、语义、语用内在规律的两个 或两个以上词的组合是用来比喻一种食物或现 象,那么这种搭配就具有认知理据。
畅想网络
Imagination Network
感谢观看!
文章内容来源于网络,如有侵权请联系我们删除。
deep depression(深感沮丧)、deep feeling(深 情)、a deep book(一本难懂的书)
C. 语用理据 许多英语搭配是依据语用功能使用的,它们和“语用性
习惯用语”有很大关系。 如:Thank you.
Good bye. Best wishes. 等语用套话均已变成了固定性组合或语用性习惯搭配。
Significance of Collocation
.1、正确合适的搭配使英语的 使用更加自然、地道,习惯成 自然。 Eg:
black tea(红茶)、 back number(过期杂志)、 a difficult person (一个难以相 处的人)、 hot potato(不易处理的事)
2.使表达更精确明了,使话语的内容更富有感 情色彩。如:
B. 语义理据
根据英语中词的本义和引申义之间的关系可以了解某 种意义的语义理据。英语的搭配是由两个或两个 以上的词自然组合而成的,一个搭配的意义可以 由组成搭配的各个词本身的意义加在一起去理解。
如: deep(深的)
deep sea(深海)
a deep well(深井)
但是当deep和depression(沮丧)组合,可以构成具 有修辞意义的搭配,产生新的语义:
Basic Types of Collocation
1. 固定型组合(fixed combination) Eg: see eye to eye (with) 意见一致 2. 习惯型搭配(natural collocation) Eg: a heavy smoker
a enthusiastic smoker 3. 自由型组合(free combination)
此外:Airport expressway.(机场高速) Road closed.(封路) Full house.(满座) 等英语指示牌也属于这种情况。
D. 认知理据
现代认知语言学认为人类要想开发语言这个丰富 的宝藏,我们就必须跳出句子结构的束缚,而去研究 比喻性的语言,特别是隐喻。 如:
red-carpet treatment(隆重的接待) grass-roots support(基层的支持) bubble economy(泡沫经济)
搭配的理据
A. 语法理据
a. 语法结构意义 Eg: The fire was an unsuspected disaster to everyone.
b. 词类功能意义 an unsuspected disaster an起限定作用, disaster具有中心词作用, unsuspected
则具有修饰功能。
This is a good book and contains a lot of interesting details.
This is a fascinating book and contains a wealth of historical details.
这两个句子的词汇和语法都完全正确,但第二 句显然比第一句传意丰富。
3.搭配可以使语言交流形式多样,意义简洁。
如:make 和 do 这两个词与其他词语构成的 搭配不仅形式灵活,而且表意清楚。
do the cooking
make the mistake
do the washing
make the bed
do your hair
make money
do your homework
make a call
Hale Waihona Puke do the shopping make an arrangement
4. 搭配具有开放性的特点,可以与时俱进。 Eg:
bird flu(禽流感) digital camera(数码相机) knowledge economy(知识经济) brain science(脑科学) human cloning(人体克隆)
英语的搭配 EnglishCollocation
主要内容
什么是搭配? 搭配的理据 搭配的基本类型 搭配的特点 常见搭配举例
什么是搭配
1.1 搭配的定义
1.2 搭配的意义 1.3 词语的组合类型
Definition of
Collocation
习惯上连在一起使用 并被视为单个词项的两个 或两个以上的词的组合叫 做搭配。
畅想网络
Imagination Network
感谢观看!
文章内容来源于网络,如有侵权请联系我们删除。
deep depression(深感沮丧)、deep feeling(深 情)、a deep book(一本难懂的书)
C. 语用理据 许多英语搭配是依据语用功能使用的,它们和“语用性
习惯用语”有很大关系。 如:Thank you.
Good bye. Best wishes. 等语用套话均已变成了固定性组合或语用性习惯搭配。
Significance of Collocation
.1、正确合适的搭配使英语的 使用更加自然、地道,习惯成 自然。 Eg:
black tea(红茶)、 back number(过期杂志)、 a difficult person (一个难以相 处的人)、 hot potato(不易处理的事)
2.使表达更精确明了,使话语的内容更富有感 情色彩。如:
B. 语义理据
根据英语中词的本义和引申义之间的关系可以了解某 种意义的语义理据。英语的搭配是由两个或两个 以上的词自然组合而成的,一个搭配的意义可以 由组成搭配的各个词本身的意义加在一起去理解。
如: deep(深的)
deep sea(深海)
a deep well(深井)
但是当deep和depression(沮丧)组合,可以构成具 有修辞意义的搭配,产生新的语义:
Basic Types of Collocation
1. 固定型组合(fixed combination) Eg: see eye to eye (with) 意见一致 2. 习惯型搭配(natural collocation) Eg: a heavy smoker
a enthusiastic smoker 3. 自由型组合(free combination)
此外:Airport expressway.(机场高速) Road closed.(封路) Full house.(满座) 等英语指示牌也属于这种情况。
D. 认知理据
现代认知语言学认为人类要想开发语言这个丰富 的宝藏,我们就必须跳出句子结构的束缚,而去研究 比喻性的语言,特别是隐喻。 如:
red-carpet treatment(隆重的接待) grass-roots support(基层的支持) bubble economy(泡沫经济)
搭配的理据
A. 语法理据
a. 语法结构意义 Eg: The fire was an unsuspected disaster to everyone.
b. 词类功能意义 an unsuspected disaster an起限定作用, disaster具有中心词作用, unsuspected
则具有修饰功能。
This is a good book and contains a lot of interesting details.
This is a fascinating book and contains a wealth of historical details.
这两个句子的词汇和语法都完全正确,但第二 句显然比第一句传意丰富。
3.搭配可以使语言交流形式多样,意义简洁。
如:make 和 do 这两个词与其他词语构成的 搭配不仅形式灵活,而且表意清楚。
do the cooking
make the mistake
do the washing
make the bed
do your hair
make money
do your homework
make a call
Hale Waihona Puke do the shopping make an arrangement
4. 搭配具有开放性的特点,可以与时俱进。 Eg:
bird flu(禽流感) digital camera(数码相机) knowledge economy(知识经济) brain science(脑科学) human cloning(人体克隆)
英语的搭配 EnglishCollocation
主要内容
什么是搭配? 搭配的理据 搭配的基本类型 搭配的特点 常见搭配举例
什么是搭配
1.1 搭配的定义
1.2 搭配的意义 1.3 词语的组合类型
Definition of
Collocation
习惯上连在一起使用 并被视为单个词项的两个 或两个以上的词的组合叫 做搭配。