presentation tips

1. Know the needs of your audience and match your contents to their needs.

Know your material thoroughly. Put what you have to say in a logical

sequence. Ensure your speech will be captivating to your audience as well as worth their time and attention. Practice and rehearse your speech at home or where you can be at ease and comfortable, in front of a mirror, your family, friends or colleagues. Use a tape-recorder and listen to

yourself. Videotape your presentation and analyze it. Know what your

strong and weak points are. Emphasize your strong points during your

presentation.

充分了解听众需求，根据他们的需求准备相匹配的内容。彻底了解你的材料。把你要说的内容按逻辑顺序安排好。确保你的演讲会向你的听众着迷，能够吸引他们的注意力。你可以在家或任何让你感到舒服的地方进行排练演讲，你可以对着一面镜子，或者对着你的家人，朋友或同事练习。你也可以使用录音机来练习。或者面对录像来进行演讲，并分析录下的内容，从而了解你的长处和短处在哪。然后在演讲过程中，强化你的长处。

2. When you are presenting in front of an audience, you are performing as an

actor on stage. How you are being perceived is very important. Dress

appropriately for the occasion. Be solemn if your topic is serious. Present the desired image to your audience. Look pleasant, enthusiastic, confident, proud, but not arrogant. Remain calm. Appear relaxed, even if you feel

nervous. Speak slowly, enunciate clearly, and show appropriate emotion and feeling relating to your topic. Establish rapport with your audience.

Speak to the person farthest away from you to ensure your voice is loud enough to project to the back of the room. Vary the tone of your voice and dramatize if necessary. If a microphone is available, adjust and adapt your voice accordingly.

当你在观众面前展示的时候，你其实是作为一个演员在舞台上进行表演的。你的整体形象非常重要。按照场合穿适当的衣服。如果你的话题比较严肃，也保持一个严肃的态度，从而让你的听众对你的演讲有一个好奇心。表现得尽量愉快，热情，自信，自豪些，但不要傲慢。演讲过程中保持冷静。要让自己看来很轻松，即使你觉得紧张。慢慢地说，阐述清楚，并适当的增加一些和演讲内容有关的情绪。与你的听众建立一个互动关系。用足够的声音跟你的听众讲话，以确保最后一排的人也能听到。必要的时候可以更改你的声音语调，使演讲戏剧化。如果麦克风可用，适时调整你的声音。

3. Body language is important. Standing, walking or moving about with

appropriate hand gesture or facial expression is preferred to sitting down or standing still with head down and reading from a prepared speech. Use audio-visual aids or props for enhancement if appropriate and necessary.

Master the use of presentation software such as PowerPoint well before your presentation. Do not over-dazzle your audience with excessive use of animation, sound clips, or gaudy colors which are inappropriate for your

topic. Do not torture your audience by putting a lengthy document in tiny print on an overhead and reading it out to them.

肢体语言是非常重要的。站立，行走或移动，都需要用到适当的手势或表情。一段演讲适合坐着讲，站着讲，抬头讲或者对着PPT讲，都要事先准备好。必要的时候，可以使用视听器材来增强效果。熟练掌握演示软件如PowerPoint演示文稿。不要在观众面前过分使用动画，声音片段，以及和您的主题不是很相配的华丽色彩。不要把在小小的一个文件上，放上很多内容，然后读一遍给观众听就当作是演讲。

4. Speak with conviction as if you really believe in what you are saying.

Persuade your audience effectively. The material you present orally should have the same ingredients as that which are required for a written research paper, i.e. a logical progression from Introduction (Thesis statement) to

Body (strong supporting arguments, accurate and up-to-date information) to Conclusion (re-state thesis, summary, and logical conclusion).

用同意的观点发言，就好像你相信你的信念一样相信自己所说的话。有效地说服你的听众。你口头提出的材料要和你做书面的研究一样有根据，即从导言（论点）在正文（重发的论点，准确和及时的最新信息），结论（重新阐述论点，总结和逻辑结论）。

5. Do not read from notes for any extended length of time although it is quite

acceptable to glance at your notes infrequently. Speak loudly and clearly.

Sound confident. Do not mumble. If you made an error, correct it, and

continue. No need to make excuses or apologize profusely.

不要长时间的盯着笔记读，但可以准备一些小纸条，时不时的看一眼。响亮清楚的表达自己。自信表达自己。不要喃喃自语。如果你犯了一个错误，纠正它，然后继续讲。不需要找借口或大汗淋漓地道歉。

6. Maintain sincere eye contact with your audience. Use the 3-second method,

e.g. look straight into the eyes of a person in the audience for 3 seconds at

a time. Have direct eye contact with a number of people in the audience

and then glance at the whole audience while speaking. Use your eye

contact to make everyone in your audience feel involved.

保持与听众真诚的目光接触。使用3秒的方法，例如：每次盯着一个观众的眼睛边看边说并保持3秒。要保持和绝大多数的观众有眼神交流，盯这一位观众3

秒后，再看一下所有的观众。利用眼睛交流，从而使每个观众都觉得自己在参与你的演讲。

7. Speak to your audience, listen to their questions, respond to their reactions,

adjust and adapt. If what you have prepared is obviously not getting across to your audience, change your strategy mid-stream if you are well prepared