国际贸易实务(英语)_帅建林_InternationalTradeTermsPPT教学课件
国际贸易实务英文版第三版知识点及模拟题-精选.pdf
国际贸易实务英文版第三版知识点及模拟题-精选.pdf国际贸易实务(下划线为重点记忆和理解，无的为一般记忆和了解) Chapter one1.国际贸易概念：International trad e is also known as worl d trade, foreign trade,overseas trade. It refers to the process of fair and d eliberate exchange of goods or services between two or more countries, involving the use of two or morecurrencies. Besides, international trade concerns trade operations of both import and export and includes the purchase and sale of both visible and invisibl e goods.2.国际贸易产生的原因：（了解）1)Resource reasons (natural resource, human resource and technology)2)Economic reasons (economic benefits, comparative advantage andeconomies of scale)3)Other reasons (political reasons, differences in tastes, preferences andconsumption patterns)3.国际贸易与国内贸易的不同：In particular, international trad e is more subject to:1)Language habits and cultural differences2)Foreign laws, customs and regulations or international rul es3)Exchange rate fluctuations and interest rate4)Higher level of political, financial and transportation risks5)More complex business procedures therefore managers need a broaderrange of management skills4.国际贸易的分类：1)从货物流向（direction of cargo fl ow）分: export trad e, import trad e and transit trade(过境贸易)2)从参与的贸易方（the number of participants ）分：direct trad e, indirect trad e and entrepot trad e(转口贸易)转口贸易：entrepot trade refers to the transaction which involves importing goods from overseas for further processing or assembling and the re-exporting the goods abroad. 转口贸易又称中转贸易或再输出贸易，是指国际贸易中进出口货物的买卖，不是在生产国和消费国之间直接进行，而是通过第三国转手进行的贸易。
国际贸易实务(第五版)课件第1章 TRADE TRADES(中英对照)解析
B. All customs formalities for the export of goods
C. Deliver the goods to the carrier at the named place on the date or within the agreed period
THE SECTION ONE 1、THE DEFINITION OF TRADE TERMS
Example：国内报价：每吨1000元
国际报价: PER METRIC TON USD1000 FOB GUANGZHOU
The trade terms refer to using a brief English concept or abbreviation (缩写)of English letters to indicate the formation of the unit price and determine the responsibilities, expenses and risks borne(承担) by two parties as well as the time of the passing of the property in the goods.
2、使用DDP术语应注意的问题 （1）进口清关 （2）运输方式 （3）妥善办理投保事项
The second group：
Suitable for water transport modes 《INCOTERMS 2010》
一、FAS（Free alongside ship,船边交货）
This rule is to be used only for sea or inland wate rway transport. “Free Alongside Ship” means tha t the seller delivers when the goods are placed al ongside the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment. The risk of loss of or da mage to the goods passes when the goods are al ongside the ship, and the buyer bears all costs fr om that moment onwards.
《国际贸易实务》(英文版)_词汇
《国际贸易实务》（英文版）词汇Chapter 1 Introduction to International TradeTrade Surplus 贸易顺差National Development and Reform Commission 国家发展和改革委员会Export Tax Rebates 出口退税Export Taxes 出口关税Export-driven Economic Growth 出口导向型经济增长Excess Liquidity 流动性过剩Trade Frictions 贸易摩擦International Trade 国际贸易World Trade 世界贸易Foreign Trade 对外贸易Overseas Trade 海外贸易Trade in Goods 货物贸易Trade in Services 服务贸易Self-sufficient 自给自足Economic Resources 经济资源Barter 物物交换，以货易货，实物交易，易货贸易Visible Trade 有形贸易Invisible Trade 无形贸易Transportation 运输Insurance 保险Tourism 旅游业Balance of Trade 贸易差额A Favorable Balance of Trade 贸易顺差Trade Surplus 贸易顺差An Unfavorable Balance of Trade 贸易逆差Trade Deficit 贸易逆差Balance of Payments 国际收支平衡，国际收支差额A Favorable Balance of Payments 国际收支顺差An Unfavorable Balance of Payments 国际收支逆差International Monetary Fund（IMF）国际货币基金组织Foreign Direct Investment（FDI）对外直接投资，外商直接投资Portfolio Investment 间接投资Chapter 2 International Trade PolicyProtectionism 贸易保护主义Free Trade 自由贸易The National Interest 国家利益Doha Trade Talks 多哈贸易谈判Acquisitions 购并Trade Barriers 贸易壁垒Infant Industries 幼稚产业Tariffs 关税Subsidies 补贴Quantitative Restrictions 数量限制Encouragements 鼓励Import Tariff 进口关税Non-tariff Barriers（NTB）非关税壁垒Export Taxes 出口关税Export Subsidies 出口补贴Protective Tariffs 保护性关税Revenue Tariff 财政关税Specific Duties 从量税Ad Valorem Duties 从价税Compound Duties 复合税Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States（HTS）美国协调关税明细表Harmonized System 商品名称及编码协调制度International Harmonized Commodity Coding and Classification System 商品名称及编码协调制度World Customs Organization 世界海关组织Customs Tariff of Import/Export of the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国进出口关税条例Import Quota 进口配额Binding Quota 限制性配额Non-binding Quota不具约束力的配额Zero QuotaAbsolute Quotas 绝对配额Tariff-rate Quotas 关税配额Voluntary Export Restraint（VER）自动出口限制Multi-Fiber Arrangement 多种纤维协定Market Failures 市场失灵Domestic Content Requirements 国内成分要求Government Procurement Policies 政府采购政策Buy America Act of 1933 1933年购买美国货法案Red-tape Barriers进口环节壁垒Domestic Supply 国内供给Domestic Demand 国内需求Floor Price 最低限价Shortfall of Supply 供应短缺Export Enhancement Program（EEP）美国的出口促进计划Dairy Export Incentive Program（DEIP）奶制品出口激励项目Chapter 3 Trade Bloc and Trade BlockAsia-Pacific Economic Co-operation Organization （APEC）亚太经合组织Hanoi 河内（越南首都）Stalemate 僵局Open Regionalism 开放的区域主义Trade Liberalization 贸易自由化Most Favored Nation 最惠国Multilateralism 多边贸易Doha Round 多哈回合Free Trade Agreement of Asia and the Pacific（FTAAP）亚太自由贸易协定Free Trade Area 自由贸易区Preferential Trade Agreements（PTAs）特殊优惠贸易协议Bilateral Free Trade Agreements 双边自由贸易协定Discriminatory Tariffs 歧视性关税Tariff Rates 关税税率Trade Discrimination 贸易歧视Trade Bloc 贸易集团Trade Block 贸易禁运EU（European Union）欧盟（欧洲联盟）NAFTA（North American Free Trade Agreement）北美自由贸易协定，北美自由贸易区MERCOSUR（Mercado Comun del Cono Sur）南方共同市场SCCM（Southern Common Markets）南方共同市场ASEAN（Association of Southeast Asian Nations）东南亚国家联盟EFTA（European Free Trade Area）欧洲自由贸易区ASEAN Free Trade Area（AFTA）东盟自由贸易区Customs Union 关税同盟EEC（European Economic Community）欧洲经济共同体EC（the European Community）欧洲共同体Economic Union 经济同盟，经济联盟Trade Embargoes 贸易禁运Economic Sanctions 经济制裁United Nations 联合国Stamp Act 印花税法案Townshend Acts 汤森条例Trade Elasticity 贸易弹性Chapter 4 WTO：A Navigation GuideFranchises 特许经营World Trade Organization（WTO）世界贸易组织Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade（GATT）关税与贸易总协定Doha Development Agenda 多哈发展议程（多哈回合谈判）WTO Agreements 世界贸易组织协议The World Bank 世界银行International Monetary Fund（IMF）国际货币基金组织Appellate Body 上诉机构Dispute Settlement Panels 争端解决专门小组Plurilateral Committees 诸边协议委员会Ministerial Conference 部长会议The General Council 常务理事会The Dispute Settlement Body 争端解决机构The Trade Policy Review Body 贸易政策审议机构Goods Council 货物贸易理事会Services Council 服务贸易理事会TRIPS Council 与贸易有关的知识产权理事会The Textiles Monitoring Body 纺织品监督机构Heads of Delegations（HOD）代表团首脑The Secretariat 秘书处Sustainable Development 可持续发展Plurilateral Trade Agreement 诸边贸易协定Marrakesh Ministerial Meeting 马拉喀什部长会议（摩洛哥）TRIPS Agreement 与贸易有关的知识产权协定Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights（TRIPS）与贸易有关的知识产权Contracting Parties 缔约国Trade Without Discrimination 贸易无歧视Most-Favored-Nation Treatment 最惠国待遇National Treatment 国民待遇Transparency 透明度Access to Markets 市场准入Navigation Guide 导航General Agreement on Trade in Services（GATS）服务贸易总协定Trade-Related Investment Measures TRIMS 与贸易有关的投资措施Chapter 5 Terms of Commodity——QualityCommodity 商品、货物Manufactured Goods 工业制成品Name of Commodity 货物的品名Description of Goods 货物的名称，货物的描述Quality of Commodity 货物的品质Sample 样品Representative Sample 代表性样品Original Sample 原样Type Sample 标准样品Reference Sample 参考样品Duplicate Sample 复样Sale by Sell’s Sample 凭卖方样品买卖（销售）Sale by buyer’s Sample 凭买方样品买卖（销售）Return Sample 回样Counter Sample 对等样品Sealed Sample 封样The Parties to the Contract 合同的当事人Quality to be about equal to the Sample 品质与样品大致相同Specifications 规格Grade 等级Standard 标准Fair Average Quality（F.A.Q.）良好平均品质Good Merchantable Quality（G.M.Q.）上好可销品质Brand 品牌Trademark 商标Description，Drawing and Diagram 说明书，图纸和技术协议书等Quality Tolerance 品质公差Chapter 5 Terms of Commodity——QuantityQuantity of Commodity 货物的数量Unit of Measurement 计量单位The Metric System 公制The British System 英制The U.S. System 美制Numbers 个数Weight 重量Length 长度Area 面积Volume 体积Capacity 容积International Measurement Conference 国际测量会议International System of Units（SI）国际单位制Gross Weight 毛重Net Weight 净重Gross for net 以毛作净Conditioned Weight 公量Theoretical Weight 理论重量More of Less Clause 溢短装条款Chapter 5 Terms of Commodity——PackingPaking 包装Nude Cargo 裸装货Cargo in Bulk 散装货Outer Packing 外包装Baling 打包Hogsheads 美国橡木桶Inner Packing 内包装Pallet 托盘Shipping Mark 运输标志（唛头）Additional Mark 附属性标志Indicative Mark 指示性标志Warning Mark 警告性标志Neutral Packing 中性包装Neutral Packing with Designated Brand 定牌中性包装Neutral Packing without Designated Brand 无牌中性包装Chapter 6 International Trade TermsL/C Issuing Date 信用证的开证日期Partial Shipment 分批装运Transshipment 转运Shipment 装运Terms of Payment 支付条件Draft 汇票Liner 班轮Trade Terms，Price Terms，Delivery Terms 贸易术语，价格术语，交货术语Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 1932年华沙——牛津规则International Law Association 国际法律协会Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941 1941年美国对外贸易定义修正本INCOTERMS 2000 2000年国际贸易术语解释通则International Chamber of Commerce（ICC）国际商会Carrier 承运人Frontier 边境Clear 清关Value added tax（VAT）增值税United Nations Commission on International Trade Law（UNCITRAL）联合国国际贸易法律委员会Ship’s Rail 船舷Quay 码头Multi-modal Transport 多式联运Trim 平舱Stow 理舱EXW 工厂交货FCA 货交承运人FOB 装运港船上交货FAS 货交船边CFR 成本加运费CIF 成本加保险费加运费CPT 运费付至CIP 运费、保险费付至DAF 边境交货DES 目的港船上交货DEQ 目的港码头交货DDU 未完税交货DDP 完税后交货。
11级国际贸易实务(双语)
目录
第一章 国际贸易术语 第二章 主要贸易条件 第三章 商品的价格 第四章 国际货物运输 第五章 国际货物运输保险 第六章 国际货款的收付 第七章 检验、索赔 、不可抗力与仲裁 第八章 合同的磋商 第九章 合同的履行 第十章 国际贸易方式
第一章 国际贸易术语
International Trade terms Ⅰ贸易术语及国贸易际惯例 (trade terms and international customary practices)
A. The uneven distribution of natural resources B. International specialization C. Different Patterns of demand among nations D. Economies of scale E. Innovation or variety of style
1.3. The different forms of international trade
1.3.1.Export Trade / Import Trade / Transit Trade Re-Export / Re-Import; Net Export / Net Import
1.3.2. General Trade / Special Trade General Trade: country territory. (Japan,United Kingdom,
In China’s history, it has been among the first to trade with other countries. What the most famous trading channel in China, as we all know, is the Ancient Silk Road.
国际贸易实务(英语)-教学大纲
Outline of International Trade Practice（English）Course Code: 030243ACourse Mode:required coursePeriods: 48 lecturing: 32 Experiment: 16 Credits: 3Preparatory Courses：International Trade (English)Majors: International Trade一、Objectives of LecturingInternational Trade Practices (English) is a main course for students majoring in international trade. This course focuses on the basic procedures involved in international trade. This course should help the students have a general idea of the basic procedures involved in international trade and grasp the basic operating techniques concerned.二、Basic Requirement of Lecturing and its relationship with graduationThe contents involve international trade terms, terms of commodities, international cargo transport, cargo insurance, terms of price, international payment and settlement, claims, force majeure and arbitration, business negotiation and establishment of contract, etc. Among these, we should emphasize on international trade terms, terms of commodities, international cargo transport, cargo insurance.The lecturing methods of this course are the com bination of the teacher’s lecturing and the students’ imitative practices, based on the multi-medias. The students can learn the difficulties and the major parts through the lecturing and the practice.The students should analyze the cases based on the knowledge they have grasped. They should improve their abilities through imitative practices. Meanwhile they should practice trade forms by themselves.三、The allocation of periods for the contentsAllocation四、Contents of LecturingChapter 1 International Trade Terms1.1Generalization1.2 A Guide to Incoterms 2000 and 20101.3Incoterms and ContractsThe difficulties and the major parts: the definition of trade terms, the responsibilities and obligations born by the buyer and the seller in each trade terms.Learning criterion: After learning the chapter, the students should have a general idea of the function of the trade terms, understand the implication and features of each trade terms and grasp the differences among certain trade terms.Exercises: Case studyChapter 2 Terms of Commodity2.1 Name of Commodity2.2 Quality of Commodity2.3 Quantity of Commodity2.4 Packing of Commodity2.5 Commodity Inspection and Customs FormalitiesThe difficulties and the major parts: the methods to stipulate the name of the commodity and the quality, calculation of weight, neutral packing.Learning criterion: After learning the chapter, the students should have a general idea of the name of commodity, the quality, the quantity and the packing, understand the methods to describe the name of commodities and the quality, and grasp the techniques to describe the name of commodities the quality, the quantity and the packing in the international contract.Exercise: Case studyChapter 3 International Cargo Transport3.1 Modes of Transport3.2 Clause of Shipment3.3 Major Shipping DocumentsThe difficulties and the major parts: ocean transport, clause of shipment, the function and the type of the bill of ladingLearning criterion: After learning the chapter, the students should have a general idea of the mode of transport and its features, understand the clause of shipment and grasp the function and the type of the B/L.Exercise: Case studyChapter 4 Cargo Insurance4.1 Parties to the Insurance4.2 Marine Insurance4.3 Insurance of Land, Air and Postal Transportation4.4 Fundamental Principles of Cargo InsuranceThe difficulties and the major parts: types of risks, losses and expenses covered, scope of insurance coverageLearning criterion: After learning the chapter, the students should have a general idea of the scope of insurance coverage, understand the implication of basic coverage and additional coverage and their respective scope of insurance coverage, and grasp the methods to cover insurance in international trade.Exercise: Case studyChapter 5 Terms of Price5.1 Conversion of Major Trade Terms5.2 Exchange Cost5.3 Money of Account and Avoidance of Foreign Exchange Risk5.4 Use of Commission and Discount5.5 Clause of PriceThe difficulties and the major parts: conversion of major trade terms, exchange cost, use of commission and discountLearning criterion: After learning the chapter, the students should have a general idea of the pricing strategies, understand the implication and use of commission and discount, and grasp the conversion of major trade term, exchange cost and clause of price.Exercise: Case studyChapter 6 International Payment and Settlement6.1 Payment Currency6.2 Credit Instruments6.3 Payment Methods6.4 Risk Level Assessment of PaymentsThe difficulties and the major parts: collection and letter of creditLearning criterion: After learning the chapter, the students should have a general idea of the flow of a documentary credit and a collection, understand the implication and features of remittance, collection and L/C, and grasp the chief contents and the varieties of the L/C.Exercise: Case studyChapter 7 Claims, Force Majeure and Arbitration7.1 Claims7.2 Force Majeure7.3 ArbitrationThe difficulties and the major parts: claims, force majeure and arbitrationLearning criterion: After learning the chapter, the students should have a general idea of the definition of the terms such as claims, force majeure and arbitration, understand the function of the clause of force majeure, and grasp the force majeure clause in the contract.Exercise: Case studyChapter 8 Business Negotiation and Establishment of Contract8.1 Enquiry8.2 Offer8.3 Counter-offer8.4 Acceptance8.5 Conclusion of ContractThe difficulties and the major parts: offer with engagement, conclusion of contractLearning criterion: After learning the chapter, the students should have a general idea of the stages in the business negotiation, understand the two required factors, and grasp the meaning of acceptance and conclusion of contract.Exercise: Case study五、ExaminationThis subject adopts a written examination, with the final score accounting for 70% and imitative practices accounting for 30%.六、Bibliography[1] William G. Nickels, James M. McHugh, Susan M. McHugh. Understanding Business. 6th ed. McGraw-Hill. 2002[2] Paul R. Krugman and Maurice Obstfeld. International Economics---theory and Policy. 5th ed. Addison Wesley Longman & 清华大学出版社，2002[3] Lillian H. Channey and Jeanette S. Martin. Intercultural Business Communication. 2nd ed. Pearson Education. 2002[4] 帅建林.International Trade Practices (Second Edition). Beijing: University of International Business and Economics Press. 2012[5]帅建林.International Trade Practices (Third Edition). Beijing: University of International Business and Economics Press. 2015执笔人：于晓云教研室主任：系教学主任审核签名：。
国际贸易实务--双语
(International Trade Practice In Chinese and English)
理论电子课件
课件目录
第一章 第二章 第三章 第四章 第五章 第六章 第七章 第八章 第九章 第十章 国际贸易术语 主要贸易条件 商品的价格 国际货物运输 国际货物运输保险 国际货款的收付 检验、索赔 、不可抗力与仲裁 合同的磋商 合同的履行 国际贸易方式
返回目录
CIF (Cost，Insurance and Freight，…named port of destination)成本加保险费、运费(……指 定目的港)
It means that the seller has the obligation to procure marine insurance against the risks of, losses of, or damage to the goods during the carriage.
返回目录
The seller
Deliver the goods on board the vessel 交货 Obtain export license
The buyer
Contract for the carriage of the goods 租船订舱
Obtain import license Cover cargo insurance 投保 Pay the price and take delivery of the goods
返回目录
FOB
获得出口许可 证
Provide documents for the buyer and ask for payment 交单议付
The seller
国际贸易实务英语帅建林InternationalTradeTerms课件省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微
This is also called the departure term. Under this term, the seller only covers the cost and liabilities of the manufacture or purchase of the goods while the buyer answers for all the other costs and liabilities. So in the quotations of price by the seller, this should be the lowest as under this term, the seller has the least liabilities and risks.
examples: US$750 per dozen CIF New York FFR1000 per M/T CFR Marseille
2/76
Meaning of international trade terms
Definition: trade terms (price terms/delivery terms) are an important component of a unit price in international trade, standing for specific obligations of the buyer and the seller.
Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions
1941 International Rules for the Interpretation of
国际贸易实务(英文版)(第二版)(PPT),帅建林,978-7-5663-0314-1
In contrast, portfolio or indirect investments, are chiefly motivated by short- to medium-term profits. They may include equity investments that do not involve an active role in management or bonds and other debt instruments issued by foreign companies and governments. As financial markets around the world become increasingly integrated in recent years, international portfolio investments have become popular with investors as a vehicle of diversification further hastening the process of international financial integration.
国际贸易实务(英文版)(第二版)
Types of draft
Clean draft vs. documentary draft 光票与跟单汇票
Determinant Factors of Payment
Nature of merchandise Industry norms/practices Distance between buyer and seller Potential currency fluctuation Political & economic stability Relationship between buyer and seller
C: The payee/beneficiary
The party who is supposed to receive the payment usually the exporter or the bank at which the drawer has his account Present B/E to the payer for payment or acceptance
Two results: being honored or dishonored
Procedure of a B/E practice
Payment 付款--- Draft honored by payment
For sight draft, the payer pays to the payee a specified sum of money indicated on the draft at presentation.
国际贸易实务(英文版)(第四版) 4.Terms of Commodity (4th ed)_1
– Example
• Tetracycline HCL Tablets (Sugar Coated) 250mg. B. P. 1973
– outline different quantity measurement units and systems
– describe the approaches to weight calculation
– understand the functions and features of different types of export packaging
• Issues concerning stipulating name in a sales contract:
– being clear, specific& precise
– being practical
– adopting the widely accepted name (HS Code)
– indicated simply by stating its grade, as presumably the seller and the buyer are supposed to have reached a consensus on the classification and implication of grades.
– identify markings on the packing of goods for international sales
– compose quality, quantity and packing clauses
properly
SEIB OF GDUFS
国际贸易实务2009(英语)
Introduction Purpose: International Trade Practice is a course to study theory and practice of goods-sale . Task: Students can master basic theory, knowledge and skills of International trade through this course, and learning to carry out principles and policies of the country combining the reality of our country, and understanding the international trade practice.
1.3 The basic content of contracts for the International Sale of Goods. （1）Article of contract （2）Price of Goods （3）Obligations of the buyer （4）Obligations of the seller （5）Prevention and handle of controversy
Chapter 1：International Trade Terms Chapter 2 ：Name, Quality, Quantity and Packing Chapter 3 ：Transport of International Goods Chapter 4 ：Insurance of International Goods Chapter 5 ：Price of International Goods Chapter 6 ：Payment Chapter 7 ：Inspection, Claim, Arbitration and Force Majeure Chapter 8 ：Negotiation , Conclusion and Performance of Contract Chapter 9：Trade Forms
教学课件国际贸易实务双语教程Chapter02InternatioanlTradeTerms
CLASSIFICATIONOF 11 TERMS OF INCOTERMS® 2020
INTEPRETATIONS OF E AND F RULES
• Interpretation of EXW
• On delivery • On import and export clearance • On place of delivery
• Interpபைடு நூலகம்etation of FAS
• On “side of a vessel” • Importance of shipping notice • Different interpretation in Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1990
INTERPRETATION OF C RULES
• Interpretation of CPT
• Obligations of the buyer and the seller • To determine the point of delivery and the place of delivery • Unloading costs upon arrival at the place of destination
fulfill the obligation of delivery in the importing country.
INTERPRETATION OF D RULES
国际贸易实务(英文版)(第二版)-4-Terms-of-Commodity
4.2 Quality –Sale by description
Sale by descriptions or illustrations
specific descriptions, sometimes with illustrations Example
Panasonic Television, TH-42PV65C, quality and technical data to be strictly in conformity with the instructions attached.
*
15
第十五页，共37页。
4.2 Quality
Quality latitude: definition
the permissible range within which the quality of the goods delivered by the seller may be flexibly controlled
Example
Tetracycline HCL Tablets (Sugar Coated) 250mg. B. P. 1973
China Northeast Soybean 2006 New Crop, F. A. Q:
Moisture
15% max.
Admixture
1% max.
*
8
第八页，共37页。
Quality tolerance: definition
the quality deviation recognized in the trade, which allows the quality of the goods delivered by the seller to have certain differences within a range
国际贸易实务(双语)教案
课程教案学院、部经济与贸易学院系、所国际经济与贸易教研室授课教师 _____易露霞__________ 课程名称__国际贸易实务（双语）课程学时_________72___________ 实验学时______________________ 教材名称_国际贸易实务双语教程_2007年8月30日_________国际贸易实务（双语）___课程教案授课类型___理论课、实训课______ 授课时间50+22 学时授课题目（教学章节或主题）：Chapter One A brief introduction to international trade （2hrs）本授课单元教学目标或要求：Let the students understand the reasons why we should international trade and the forms of international trade.本授课单元教学内容（包括基本内容、重点、难点，以及引导学生解决重点难点的方法、例题等）：ContentsSection 1 Reasons for international tradeSection 2 Problems Concerning International TradeSection 3 Forms of International TradeExerciseUseful expressionsFocus on & DifficultiesThe reasons of international trade; forms of international tradeMethods1.The teacher will give clear explanation to the questions asked by students, or let the students discuss among themselves and show the comments by the teacher, give students some time to practice the difficult sentences and expressions.2. As to the exercise, the teacher will explain the difficult points to students.3. Email contact4. Classroom discussions本授课单元教学手段与方法：1.采用多媒体教学2.课堂讲授与课堂讨论相结合3.利用专题学习网站本授课单元思考题、讨论题、作业：1 Finish the exercise in the text2 After-class assignment: Please explain the reason why we should do international trade and give some examples to show4 Preview next unit本授课单元参考资料（含参考书、文献等，必要时可列出）（1）Export Pracitice and Management——Alan E.Branch，Cengage Learning Business Press，2000（2）Mark Ellis and Christine Johnson, Teaching Business English [M], Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994（3）Ellis, M. & C. Johnson Teaching Business English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.（上海外语教育出版社出版），1994.（4）帅建林：英汉对照国际贸易惯例案例解析——Case Study of International Trade Customs and Practices，对外经济贸易大学出版社，2006年（5）张素芳：International Trade Theory and Practice, 对外经济贸易大学出版社，2003年（6）杨国俊，邱格加：国家贸易核心英语——Core English for International Trade，世界图书出版社，2004年（7）王玉章：International Trade English, 天津大学出版社，1998年（8）诸葛霖：《对外贸易实务英语读本》（修订本），对外贸易教育出版社1992年6月（9）吴百福：《进出口贸易实务教程》，上海人民出版社，2003年（9）王沅沅：《国际贸易实务》。
《国际贸易实务》(354页双语)
Quality
The laws are applicable to international sales contracts
◆International Trade Practice
☆International Rules for the Interpretation
of Trade Terms《国际贸易术语解释通则》
Packing mark
• Packing mark includes shipping mark, indicative mark and dangerous cargo mark
• Shipping mark can be chosen by us, or by the customer.
Packing charges
国际贸易实务（双语）
(International Trade Practice In Chinese and English)
References
• 《进出口贸易实务教程》 吴百福主编 上海人民出版社 2002版
• 《国际贸易实务》，程怀儒主编，人民教育出版社。 • 《国际贸易双解词典—全球贸易手册》爱德华.G.辛克尔
Quality
Stipulate the flexible range
Use various kinds of expression methods properly
国际贸易实务(英文版)rbitration
SEIB of GDUFS
9
9.1.4 Inspection Certificate
Inspection Certificate of Quality Inspection Certificate of Weight or Quantity Inspection Certificate of Value Inspection Certificate of Origin Sanitary Inspection Certificate Veterinary Inspection Certificate Disinfection Inspection Certificate Inspection Certificate on Damaged Cargo
To exercise supervision and control over the inspection
To accept the entrustment for surveying services and issue certificates of survey
SEIB of GDUFS
mandatory inspection eg. The Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) in USA, The State
Administration for Commodity Inspection (SACI) in China
Non-governmental inspection bodies
the goods by the seller Buyer can claim for compensation in the case of
discrepancies More favorable to the buyer
International trade英语专业专业必修课 国际贸易实务 英文版 课堂笔记整理
Chapter 1 Introduction to International tradeQuestions & Answers (terms)•International trade(the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and/or services across national boundaries）•Trade in goods (the purchase and sale of visible goods:coffee, chemicals, airplanes, textiles, tobacco)&Trade in services(the purchase and sale of invisible goods: transportation, insurance, tourism, hotel accommodations, commerce)•Self-sufficient (someone who does his own hunting, finds his own shelter, and provides for his own needs)•Barter (the trade of goods without any exchange of money)•Balance of trade (a nation’s rel ationship of exports to imports). A favorable balance of trade, or trade surplus, occurs when the value of the country’s expor ts exceeds that of its imports;An unfavorable balance of trade, or trade deficit, occurs when the value of the country’s imports exceeds that of its exports.•Balance of payments [the difference between money coning into a country (from exports) and money going out of the country (for import) plus money flows coming into or leavinga country from other factors such as tourism, foreign aid.BOP=EM-IM+MF]. Afavorable balance of payments means more money is flowing into a country than flowing out;An unfavorable balance of payments is when more money is flowing out ofa country than coming in.•Dumping(the practic of selling products in foreign country at lower prices than those charged in the producing country). Companies use this tactic to reduce surplus products in foreign markets or to gain a foothold in a new market by offering products for lower prices than domestic competitors do.The foundation of international trade and economic activities：In today’s complex economic world, neither individuals nor nations are self-sufficient. Nations have utilized different economic resources; people have developed different skills.Questions & Answers (text)•What are major reasons of the exchange of goods between nations?✧First, no nation has all of the commodities that it needs.✧Second, a country often does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs.✧Third, one nation can sell some items at a lower cost than other countries.✧Finally, foreign trade takes place because of innovation or style (fashion).•Why is FDI now more important than trade?✧First, FDI enables host country to build a new manufacturing plant and to payworkers to build it.✧Second, once the plant is operative, it provides both jobs and taxes for host country.✧Third, FDI acts as a catalyst (催化剂) in economic growth for host country.•Why inflows into Sub-Saharan Africa have increased?Tourism is the world's largest industry and every year it pumps billions of dollars into some of the poorest countries in the world. It creates jobs, reduces poverty, builds new roads, airports, hotels and hospitals.•What are major obstacles to Chinese foreign trade?✧Firstly, China should deal with pressure from international markets that aregradually becoming saturated（饱和）.✧Secondly, the cost of Chinese exports is increasing, partly because of the highercost of labor and environmental protection.✧Thirdly, increasing international trade protection has caused China to stumble into（陷入）difficult territory.✧Finally, the trade imbalance between China and other countries is getting worse.Chapter 2 Basic Theory of International TradeQuestions & Answers (terms)•Opportunity Cost机会成本：有一得必有一失(the amount of another goods or service that might otherwise have been produced)•Absolute Advantage两者相权取成本低、效率高者[A commodity will be produced in the country where it costs least in terms of resources (capital, land, and labor).] Comparative Advantage两利相权取其重，两劣相权取其轻only one of the goods would work "most best" and "least worse"•What the Theory of C-A Shows if we want to maximize total output in the world then:✧first, fully employ all resources worldwide;✧second, allocate those resources within countries to each country's comparativeadvantage industries;✧third, allow the countries to trade freely .•Specialization (there were some things he was more capable of doing and it would benefit him to concentrate his efforts on the production of those goods in which he was particularly proficient)What are the major benefits of exporting?Why export? Y our general objectives will probably be:To increase profitabilityTo utilise production capacity to the fullThe small domestic market may not big enough for growthYou may be manufacturing a specialised product and find there are not enough customers in SwedenYou may be looking for the increased security your company can achieve by spreading its risks over a variety of marketsYou may want to ensure that your product is kept up to date by exposure to competition in international marketsIt provides scope to develop a company's strengths and abilities. Selling in aninternational environment will sharpen your innovative edge and open up opportunities that might never come your way if you limit yourself to the home market.Michael Porter’s Dia mond ModelMichael Porter of the Harvard Business School introduced a new competitiveness theory, the so-called diamond model. He argues that national prosperity is not inherited, but created by choices; in other words, national wealth is not set by factor endowments, but created by strategic choices. He introduced a concept of “clusters”, or groups of interconnected firms, suppliers,related industries, and institutions that arise in particular locations.1. Firm strategy, Structure and RivalryThe world is dominated by dynamic conditions, and it is direct competition that impels firmsto work for increases in productivity and innovation.2. Demand ConditionsThe more demanding the customers in an economy, the greater the pressure facing firms to constantly to improve their competitiveness via innovative products, through high quality, etc.3. Related Supporting IndustriesUpstream or downstream industries facilitates the exchange of information and promotes a continuous exchange of ideas and innovations.4. Factor ConditionsContrary to conventional wisdoms, Porter argues that the “key” factors of production (or specialized factors) are created, not inherited. Specialized factors are skilled labor, capital and infrastructure. “Non-key” factors or general use factors, such as unskilled labor and raw materials, can be obtained by any company and, hence, do not generate sustained competitive advantage. However, specialized factors involve heavy, sustained investment. They are more difficult to duplicate. This leads to a competitive advantage, because if other firms cannot easily duplicate these factors, they are valuable.The role of government in Porter’ Diamond Model is “acting as a catalyst and challenger; it is to encourage—or even push—companies to raise their aspirations and move to higher levels of competitive performance…”.They must encourage companies to raise their performance, stimulate early demand for advanced products, focus on specialized factors creation and to stimulate local rivalry by limiting direct cooperation and enforce anti-trust（反托拉斯，反垄断）regulations.Chapter 5 International Trade TermsRole of International Trade TermsStanding for specific obligations of the buyer and the seller.Name the exact point at which the ownership of the merchandise is transferred from the seller to the buyer.Define the responsibilities and expenses of both the seller and the buyer.Define the nature of the contract, such as FOB contract or CIF contract, to determine expenses and risks as well as their rights and obligations accordingly.The use of the trade terms greatly simplifies the contract negotiations, and thus saves time and cost.The price of commodity（refers to the unit price, which is made up of a name of currency, a unit price, a measuring unit, a trade term, and a name of destination or shipping place .For example,US$ 800 per M/T CIF London）国际贸易合同的主要条款有: 合同对象(标的)：commodities or services 合同总值: total value or quantities 交货条件: trade terms 包装: packaging 装运期: shipment装运口岸和目的地: departure port or destination 保险: insurance 支付条款: payment Procedures of Marine Insurance•To apply for marine insurance;•To determine the insurance value of the goods to be insured;•To determine the insurance average and coverage;•To determine insurance premium;•To sign an insurance policy•To lodge an insurance claim.Proper pricing, complete and accurate quotations, and choice of terms of sale and payment are four critical elements in selling a product or service internationally. Of the four, pricing is the most problematic, even for the experienced exporter.Export product cost structure, involving cost of production, selling and delivery costs, and customs duties.Pricing Considerations•At what price should the firm sell its product in the foreign market?•What type of market positioning does the company want to convey from its pricing structure?•Does the export price reflect the product's quality?•Is the price competitive?•Should the firm pursue market penetration or market-skimming pricing objectives abroad?•What type of discount (trade, cash, quantity) and allowances (advertising, trade-off) should the firm offer its foreign customers?•Laws pose a problem?•Should prices differ by market segment?•What should the firm do about product line pricing?•What pricing options are available if the firm's costs increase or decrease?•Is the demand in the foreign market elastic or inelastic?•Are the prices going to be viewed by the foreign government as reasonable or unfair?•Do the foreign country's antidumping?Pricing Summary Here are the key points to remember when determining your product's price: •Determine the objective in the foreign market.•Compute the actual cost of the export product.•Compute the final consumer price.•Evaluate market demand and competition.•Consider modifying the product to reduce the export price.•Include “non-market" costs, such as tariffs and customs fees.•Exclude cost elements that provide no benefit to the export function, such as domestic advertising.In the cost-plus method of calculation, the exporter starts with the domestic manufacturing cost and adds administration, research and development, overhead, freight forwarding, distributor margins, customs charges, and profit. The effect of this pricing approach may be that the export price escalates into an uncompetitive range.The actual payment= the full invoice of the goods +the additional charges of expenses the seller has paid.Stages in Handling a Bill of Exchange•To draw•Presentation and acceptance•Endorsement•Without recourse•Payment•Dishonor and recourse。
国际贸易实务PPT完整版1
国际贸易术语
0.1 定义和分类 0.2 主要贸易术语 0.3 其他贸易术语 0.4 小结
国际贸易术语（Trade Terms）
定义：在长期贸易实践中形成的，
以英文缩写表示货物价格构成，说 明交货地点、确定风险、责任、费 用划分等问题的专门术语。
一个国际贸易报价： USD13.5 per case CIF New York
有关国际贸易术语的国际贸易惯例
国际贸易惯例的定义：在国际贸易长期实践中
形成的一些具有普遍意义的习惯做法和解释
国际贸易惯例的范围：
国际上一些组织、团体就国际贸易某一方面，如支 付、运输、价格等问题的解释或订立的规则。
国际上一些主要港口的传统惯例或行业惯例。 各国司法机关或仲裁机构的典型案例或裁定。
不同
适用的运输方式可能不同 风险划分不同：CFR以船舷为界；CPT以货交承运
人为界 CPT在不同运输方式下买卖双方的费用和责任不同
6.向承运人交货的贸易术语CIP
Carriage and Insurance Paid to(…named place of destination)：
卖方除了承担在CPT术语 下同样的义务外，还须对 货物在运输途中的买方风 险取得货物保险，订立保 险合同，支付保费。
国际贸易术语
0.1 定义和分类 0.2 主要贸易术语 0.3 其他贸易术语 0.4 小结
主要贸易术语
FOB CFR CIF
FCA CPT CIP
1.装运港交货贸易术语FOB
FOB-Free on Board(…named
port of shipment)含义：
卖方必须在指定装运港于 合同规定装运期内将货物交至 买方指定船上，并承担货物越 过船舷为止的一切费用和货物 丢失和损坏风险。
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Meaning of trade terms Role of international trade terms International trade usages A guide to Incoterms 2000
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They are abbreviations used to indicate the formation of the unit price and determine the responsibilities, expenses and risks borne by two parties as well as the time of the passing of the property in the goods.
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Meaning of international trade terms
Definition: trade terms (price terms/delivery terms) are an important component of a unit price in international trade, standing for specific obligations of the buyer and the seller.
examples: US$750 per dozen CIF New York FFR1000 per M/T CFR Marseille
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Role of international trade terms
Naming the exact point at which the ownership of the merchandise is transferred from the seller to the buyer.
Originally The US Export Quotations and Abbreviations 1919
Revised and renamed in 1941 Six trade terms: Ex Port of Origin, Ex Dock,
Free on Board, Free Along Side, Cost & Freight, Cost, Insurance and Freight. Applicable in the USA, Canada and other countries in America.
Expenses comprise: Freight Loading and unloading
expenses Insurance premium Warehouse charges Duties and taxes Miscellaneous expenses
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clauses concerning the nature, risks and expenses borne by both the seller and the buyer. Still in use.
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Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941
International trade usages
Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions
1941 International Rules for the Interpretation of
Trade Terms
Defining the responsibilities and expenses of both the seller and the buyer.
Simplifying negotiations Saving timonsibilities and expenses
examples: US$750 per dozen CIF New York FFR1000 per M/T CFR Marseille
2020/12/12
‹#›
Meaning of international trade terms
Definition: trade terms (price terms/delivery terms) are an important component of a unit price in international trade, standing for specific obligations of the buyer and the seller.
2020/12/12
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Warsaw – Oxford Rules 1932
Warsaw Rules 1928 Contains 22 clauses concerning CIF contracts Warsaw Rules 1932 Based on Warsaw Rules 1928, contains 21
They are abbreviations used to indicate the formation of the unit price and determine the responsibilities, expenses and risks borne by two parties as well as the time of the passing of the property in the goods.
Responsibilities include: Carrying out customs
formalities for the goods Obtaining the import or
export license Chartering a ship or booking
shipping space Making insurance Asking for inspection