美国汽车市场
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
No. 1 in European public urban transport
No. 1 in German bus transport
Revenues (€ bn)
11.3
Employees
53,800
Largest rail track infrastructure in Europe
No. 1 car sharing company in Germany
4
美国汽车物流
LSP
制造商
Mfc.
Tier 3 Tier 2
一级
Supplier Supplier 供应商
Tier 0 Supplier
Importer/Dealer
Customer
Product
Understanding Innovation
Marketing
Design
Supply of Parts
75,000
10
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challengesb
NAFTA Common Trends I. Bundling of logistic services (demand side)
A. OEM’s and increasingly tier-1 want: One contract (multiple services) One overhead One pricing module One system (IT) Costs synergies through consolidation of services
Production Supply Finished Goods
Logistics
Distribution
After Sales Logistics
Supply Chain Management Solutions / Value Added Services
Schenker AG & BAX Global
Schenker AG & BAX Global
13
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
Key Customer Decision Drivers for choosing LPs.
Service Quality Price/Rates
Financial Stability
No. 3 in ocean freight No. 3 in North American
integr. heavyweight freight No. 6 in contract logistics
Revenues (€ bn)
(Addition BAX)
12.4
(14.8)
Employees
Financial Stability
20% of forwarding RFQs have increased their focus on process optimization Forwarding is still predominately price driven
Schenker AG & BAX Global
2007
Price/Rates Process Optimization
Quality
Quality
Financial Stability Process Optimization
References Risk Aversion
73%
References
References
73% of decisions are based on process optimization initiatives proposed in the initial bidding Fixed “Wall/people/process, IT” are open for optimization at bidding phase
Services are largely fragmented based on core competence of LSP
Manufacturer
Tier 3 Tier 2 Tier 1 Supplier Supplier Supplier
Tier 0 Supplier
Mfc. Importer/Dealer
Delivery to market
Car Sales
Aftermarket Services
Global Sourcing Logistics
Production Supply Finished Goods
Logistics
Distribution
After Sales Logistics
Supply Chain Management Solutions / Value Added Services
Schenker AG & BAX Global
8
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
LP Win/Loss Analysis Based On Customer Decision Drivers
Service
IT (Visibility Tooling)
2004 - 2006
No change in decision priority. Implementation timing guarantees and start-up cost models alternatives linked to top three
Schenker AG & BAX Global
9
DB Group*
美国汽车物流
1
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
提纲
1.美国汽车市场 2. 美国汽车的流通模式 3. 美国整车物流行业的运作模式
Schenker AG & BAX Global
2
1. 美国汽车市场
1 据预测， 2008年美国的汽车整车销售将低于1500万辆，比2007年销售下降100多万辆
2 至1998年以来，美国的轻型轿车销售量从未低于1600万辆
Forwarding Customs Inbound warehousing Quality checks Light & heavy assembly JIS/JIT Waste Management Complete SCM transparency – IT Partial In/bound Process / Lean engineering Spare parts logistics
No. 1 bicycle hire company in Europe
Revenues (€ bn)
1.2
Employees
84,900
No. 1 in European rail freight transport
No. 1 in European land transport
No. 2 in air freight
Schenker AG & BAX Global
11
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
Logistic service providers are largely fragmented in service offering
OMS,
VM&OI Outbound consolidation
Decision
Risk Aversion
Schenker AG & BAX Global
14
References
Process Innovation
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges Modern competition amongst Lead Service Providers (LSP)
来源：Standard & Poor and J.D. Power and Associates
3
2. 汽车流通模式：美国 VS 亚洲
1 美国中间商少，利润高：生产商－distribution center（配送中心）－经销商
2 亚洲中间商多，利润低：生产商－一级中间商－二级中间商－最终经销商
来源：美国和亚洲汽车制造实践对比
2004 - 2006
Price/Rates
2007
Price/Rates
Risk Aversion
Risk Aversion
Quality
Process Optimization
Process Optimization
Quality
Financial Stability
References
References
Customer
Product
Understanding Innovation
Marketing
Design
Supply of Parts
Supply of Components
Supply of Modules/ Systems
Inbound Logistics
Final Car Assembly
7
20%
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
LP Win/Loss Analysis Based On Customer Decision Drivers
Service
Warehousing/JIS/ Assy
2004 - 2006
Price/Rates Risk Aversion
Returns management & repair
……but with a growing tendency….. …to bundle services.
Procurement Production
Distribution
Schenker AG & BAX Global
12
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
Supply of Components
Supply of Modules/ Systems
Inbound Logistics
Final Car Assembly
Delivery to market
Car Sales
Aftermarket Services
Global Sourcing Logistics
Quality
2007
Quality
Process Optimization
Process Optimization
Risk Aversion
Risk Aversion
References
References
Price/Rates
Price/Rates
Financial Stability
Financial Stability
OEM的决策因素
－缩短运输时间
－ 使用（OTD）
Schenker AG & BAX Global
6
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
LP Win/Loss Analysis Based On Customer Decision Drivers
Service Forwarding
Passenger Transport
Track infrastructure and Service
Transport and Logistics
DB AG - management holding company
Vertically integrated group structure
Rating: Aa1 / AA
5
3 美国整车物流的运作模式（以Ford 和Honda为例）
OEM的采购流程
3PL for Ford － Penske Worldwide Logistics － FedEx － Autogistics（Ford和UPS的合资企业 ）
IT ：Unixbased Logistics system
3PL for Honda － CSX transportation and BNSF （railway）
Revenues (€ bn)
(Addition BAX)
25.1**
(27.5)
Employees
213,700
*in 2005 **Incl. 0.3 others
Schenker AG & BAX Global
No. 1 in European rail passenger transport
Developing a USP: best network, best IT, newest assets, best locations……
Schenker AG & BAX Global
15
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
No. 1 in German bus transport
Revenues (€ bn)
11.3
Employees
53,800
Largest rail track infrastructure in Europe
No. 1 car sharing company in Germany
4
美国汽车物流
LSP
制造商
Mfc.
Tier 3 Tier 2
一级
Supplier Supplier 供应商
Tier 0 Supplier
Importer/Dealer
Customer
Product
Understanding Innovation
Marketing
Design
Supply of Parts
75,000
10
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challengesb
NAFTA Common Trends I. Bundling of logistic services (demand side)
A. OEM’s and increasingly tier-1 want: One contract (multiple services) One overhead One pricing module One system (IT) Costs synergies through consolidation of services
Production Supply Finished Goods
Logistics
Distribution
After Sales Logistics
Supply Chain Management Solutions / Value Added Services
Schenker AG & BAX Global
Schenker AG & BAX Global
13
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
Key Customer Decision Drivers for choosing LPs.
Service Quality Price/Rates
Financial Stability
No. 3 in ocean freight No. 3 in North American
integr. heavyweight freight No. 6 in contract logistics
Revenues (€ bn)
(Addition BAX)
12.4
(14.8)
Employees
Financial Stability
20% of forwarding RFQs have increased their focus on process optimization Forwarding is still predominately price driven
Schenker AG & BAX Global
2007
Price/Rates Process Optimization
Quality
Quality
Financial Stability Process Optimization
References Risk Aversion
73%
References
References
73% of decisions are based on process optimization initiatives proposed in the initial bidding Fixed “Wall/people/process, IT” are open for optimization at bidding phase
Services are largely fragmented based on core competence of LSP
Manufacturer
Tier 3 Tier 2 Tier 1 Supplier Supplier Supplier
Tier 0 Supplier
Mfc. Importer/Dealer
Delivery to market
Car Sales
Aftermarket Services
Global Sourcing Logistics
Production Supply Finished Goods
Logistics
Distribution
After Sales Logistics
Supply Chain Management Solutions / Value Added Services
Schenker AG & BAX Global
8
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
LP Win/Loss Analysis Based On Customer Decision Drivers
Service
IT (Visibility Tooling)
2004 - 2006
No change in decision priority. Implementation timing guarantees and start-up cost models alternatives linked to top three
Schenker AG & BAX Global
9
DB Group*
美国汽车物流
1
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
提纲
1.美国汽车市场 2. 美国汽车的流通模式 3. 美国整车物流行业的运作模式
Schenker AG & BAX Global
2
1. 美国汽车市场
1 据预测， 2008年美国的汽车整车销售将低于1500万辆，比2007年销售下降100多万辆
2 至1998年以来，美国的轻型轿车销售量从未低于1600万辆
Forwarding Customs Inbound warehousing Quality checks Light & heavy assembly JIS/JIT Waste Management Complete SCM transparency – IT Partial In/bound Process / Lean engineering Spare parts logistics
No. 1 bicycle hire company in Europe
Revenues (€ bn)
1.2
Employees
84,900
No. 1 in European rail freight transport
No. 1 in European land transport
No. 2 in air freight
Schenker AG & BAX Global
11
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
Logistic service providers are largely fragmented in service offering
OMS,
VM&OI Outbound consolidation
Decision
Risk Aversion
Schenker AG & BAX Global
14
References
Process Innovation
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges Modern competition amongst Lead Service Providers (LSP)
来源：Standard & Poor and J.D. Power and Associates
3
2. 汽车流通模式：美国 VS 亚洲
1 美国中间商少，利润高：生产商－distribution center（配送中心）－经销商
2 亚洲中间商多，利润低：生产商－一级中间商－二级中间商－最终经销商
来源：美国和亚洲汽车制造实践对比
2004 - 2006
Price/Rates
2007
Price/Rates
Risk Aversion
Risk Aversion
Quality
Process Optimization
Process Optimization
Quality
Financial Stability
References
References
Customer
Product
Understanding Innovation
Marketing
Design
Supply of Parts
Supply of Components
Supply of Modules/ Systems
Inbound Logistics
Final Car Assembly
7
20%
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
LP Win/Loss Analysis Based On Customer Decision Drivers
Service
Warehousing/JIS/ Assy
2004 - 2006
Price/Rates Risk Aversion
Returns management & repair
……but with a growing tendency….. …to bundle services.
Procurement Production
Distribution
Schenker AG & BAX Global
12
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
Supply of Components
Supply of Modules/ Systems
Inbound Logistics
Final Car Assembly
Delivery to market
Car Sales
Aftermarket Services
Global Sourcing Logistics
Quality
2007
Quality
Process Optimization
Process Optimization
Risk Aversion
Risk Aversion
References
References
Price/Rates
Price/Rates
Financial Stability
Financial Stability
OEM的决策因素
－缩短运输时间
－ 使用（OTD）
Schenker AG & BAX Global
6
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges
LP Win/Loss Analysis Based On Customer Decision Drivers
Service Forwarding
Passenger Transport
Track infrastructure and Service
Transport and Logistics
DB AG - management holding company
Vertically integrated group structure
Rating: Aa1 / AA
5
3 美国整车物流的运作模式（以Ford 和Honda为例）
OEM的采购流程
3PL for Ford － Penske Worldwide Logistics － FedEx － Autogistics（Ford和UPS的合资企业 ）
IT ：Unixbased Logistics system
3PL for Honda － CSX transportation and BNSF （railway）
Revenues (€ bn)
(Addition BAX)
25.1**
(27.5)
Employees
213,700
*in 2005 **Incl. 0.3 others
Schenker AG & BAX Global
No. 1 in European rail passenger transport
Developing a USP: best network, best IT, newest assets, best locations……
Schenker AG & BAX Global
15
NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges