英语反身代词的用法

英语反身代词的用法

反身代词是指myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself。通常有强调性用法和非强调性用法。

1. 强调性用法:

反身代词用于强调时经常作主语或宾语的同位语,一般置于所强调的词的后面;但如果不影响理解,作同位语的反身代词其位置比较灵活。

反身代词用于强调时要重读。例:

The manager himself served the customers. / The manager served the customers himself. 经理亲自为顾客服务。

I told them I wanted to see the manager himself. 我告诉他们我要见经理本人。

在but, except, like, as 等词之后,或作对比时,宾格和反身代词都可以用,但后者的语气更强。例:

For my wife and me / myself it was a most enjoyable weekend. 对于我妻子和我(本人)来说,这是一个非常快乐的周末。

She is about the same age as you / yourself. 她的年龄和你(本人)差不多。

反身代词作介词宾语或动词宾语时，有时也可起强调作用。例:

He has been living by himself since his parents died. 他父母死后,他就一直一个人生活。(by himself = alone)

This matter is between ourselves．(without anyone else knowing)

The enemy will not perish of himself．(of his own will)

She finished the job by herself. 她独自完成了这项工作。(by herself = without help)

反身代词作表语时也可表示特殊意义。例:

I am not quite myself today. 今天我身体不舒服。(=I am not feeling so well as I usually do）

2.非强调性用法

反身代词作动词宾语时常常是非强调性的。有些动词与反身代词成为固定搭配,请注意,汉译时“自己”多不译出。例:

A. behave oneself 有礼貌;规矩

He behaves himself well.他为人很好。

Behave yourself while I am away.我不在,你要规矩点。

B. enjoy oneself 过得快活

We all enjoyed ourselves in the party.我们在聚会上都玩得很痛快。

C. express oneself 表达自己的意思

Can you express yourself in English? 你能用英语表达思想吗?

He expressed himself satisfied.他表示满意。

D. present oneself 到场；present itself出现

He presented himself for a checkup at the hospital.他到医院接受体格检查。

When the cave door was unlocked, a sorrowful sight presented itself。山洞门一打开,就出现了一幅悲惨的景象。

E. reveal itself 出现

Gradually sounds multiplied and life revealed itself.声音渐渐多起来,生活又开始了。

F. collect oneself 清醒过来,镇定下来

I accepted the offer before I was able to collect myself. 我还没来得及考虑一下,就接受了帮助。

有时“动词+反身代词”之后,还需要一定的介词。例:

G. busy oneself with 忙于

He busied himself with numerous tasks around the house. 他忙于家里的许多事情。

H. avail oneself of 利用

We availed ourselves of every chance to speak English.我们利用每个机会讲英语。

I. address oneself to 专心于(工作)

They address themselves to the main difficulties.他们专心致志解决主要困难。

J. devote oneself to 致力于;献身于

We are determined to devote ourselves to the cause of education. 我们决心为教育事业献身。

有些动词接反身代词后再接that从句:

K. assure oneself that... 确信

Before going to bed, she assure herself that the door was locked. 她确信门已锁好才去睡觉。

L. flatter oneself that ... 自以为

He flattered himself that he would win the first prize. 她自以为会获得第一名。