木材简卡硬度
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Janka硬度主要测试表面硬度而非端面硬度。Janka单位是磅，转化为牛顿（Pa压强标准单位,N/cm2）要乘以4.44。
2000~2999: 硬 //紫檀2940，大红酸枝226
3000~3999: 甚硬 //风车木，依贝3800*，奥氏黄檀3060
4000~4999: 超硬 //绿檀4200，蛇纹木4150，东非黑黄檀4050
5000~: 极硬 //异木麻黄5060
我们的紫檀2940，大红酸枝2260，属于硬类，上面还有3层超硬类。
超级硬木族
Schinoposis , 辛诺普西
Guaiacum, 怪爱可，愈疮木，中国用名为铁梨木。属疾藜科
Acacia, 爱可夏，阿拉伯树胶；刺槐；金合欢属
Xanthostemon ，仙草斯泰姆，蒲桃
名木族：
Mahogany 桃花心
Swartzia, 铁木豆
Diospyros, 柿子树属
Caesalpinia, 苏木属
世界硬木排名前25：
1 - Buloke Australian {Allocasuarina luehmannii} 5060 - Specific Gravity 1.11 异木麻黄属
5060 Pounds Force {lbf} - 2294 Kilograms Force {kgf} - 22.5 Kilonewtons {kN} - 22500 Newtons {N}
2 - Quebracho Colorado - Soto {Schinopsis brasiliensis} 4800 - Specific Gravity 1.28
3 - Quebracho Colorado - Paag {Schinopsis lorentzii} 4700 - Specific Gravity 1.22
5 - Belah {Casuarina cristata} 4500 - Specific Gravity 1.15
5 - Lignum Vitae - Tree Of Life {Guaiacum officinale} 4500 - Specific Gravity 1.35
6 - Lignum Vitae Philippine {Xanthostemon verdugonianus} 4450 - Specific Gravity 1.22
7 - Mgurure {Combretum schumannii} 4430 - Specific Gravity 1.08，风车子属
8 - Bauhinia Red {Lysiphyllum carronii} 4400 - Specific Gravity 1.39， 豆科植物
9 - Tubi - Blackwood Solomon - Ebony Queen {Xanthostemon melanoxylon} 4370 - Specific Gravity 1.231
10 - Knob Thorn {Acacia nigrescens} 4290 - Specific Gravity 1.21
11 Gidgee {Acacia cambagei} 4270 - Specific Gravity 1.35
12 Gidgee Georgina {Acacia georginae} 4270 - Specific Gravity 1.33
13 Tiga {Tristaniopsis decorticata} 4260 - Specific Gravity 1.053
14 Lignum Vitae - Holywood {Guaiacum sanctum} 4250 - Specific Gravity 1.31 - Hardest Wood In United States
15 Quebracho Colorado - Barauna {Schinopsis balansae} 4250 - Specific Gravity 1.22
16 Lignum Vitae Maracaibo {Bulnesia arborea} 4200 - Specific Gravity 1.25 维拉木，绿檀
17 Lignum Vitae Paraguayan {Bulnesia sarmientoi} 4200 - Specific Gravity 1.19
18 Snakewood Australian {Acacia xiphophylla} 4150 - Specific Gravity 1.321 蛇桑
19 Wattle Lakewood {Acacia enervia} 4150 - Specific Gravity 1.32
20 Spearwood Brown {Acacia rhodoxylon} 4100 - Specific Gravity 1.28
21 Gimlet {Eucalyptus salubris} 4090 - Specific Gravity 1.225，桉树；桉属植物
22 Oak Black Australian {Casuarina pauper} 4080 - Specific Gravity 1.29，木麻黄
23 Blackwood African {Dalbergia melanoxylon} 4050 - Specific Gravity 1.28 南非黑黄檀
24 Wattle {Acacia excelsa} 4050 - Specific Gravity 1.15
25 - Lignum Vitae Texan {Guaiacum angustifolium} 4030 - Specific Gravity 1.276
The Janka Hardness Scale was invented in 1906 by Gabriel Janka {1864 - 1932}. He was an Austrian wood researcher. In 1906 at the age of 42 he wrote the 40 page book, Die Harte Des Holzes {translated is} The Hardness Of The Wood.
The Janka Hardness Test measures how hard wood/lumber/timber is. The higher the number the harder the wood is. It is an adaptation of the Brinell Hardness Test for metals.