(完整版)从属连词及状语从句.doc
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从属及状从句
状从句概念:用一个句子 (从句 )来作另一个句子(主句 )的状,用作状的句子就叫作状从句。作什么的状就叫什么型的状从句。引状从句的接是从属,状从句可以在句首,也可以在句尾。
中考主要考状从句的型有:
状从句、地点状从句、原因状从句、果状从句、目的状从句、条件状从句及比状从句等。
1.状从句
状从句在主句中表示,常用接有:when( 当⋯ ),while( 当⋯),as(当⋯ ),before(在⋯之前),after(在⋯之后), since(自从) ,not ⋯ until(直到⋯⋯才), as soon as(一⋯就), once(一旦⋯就)等。
I didn’ t go to bed until I finished my homework我.直到做完作才去睡。
I can listen to the radio while I work.我可以听收音机工作。
(1) 状从句中,一般要用一般在代替一般将来,一般去代替去将来。
I will telephone you when he comes.他来,我会你打。
(2)when 引状从句,表示主句的作和从句的作同或先后生,从句的可以是延性,也可以是瞬。
He was working when I went in.我去他正在工作。
When she heard the news, she began to cry.她听到个消息,她哭了起来。
(3) while 引的状从句中常用延性或表示状的,意“在⋯ 期”。while表示两者的比关系。They rushed in while we were singing.我唱歌,他冲来。
I like playing football, while Tom likes listening to music.我喜踢足球,而姆喜听音。
(4) as 引状从句,同生,不分先后。可以成“随着”或“一⋯⋯ 一”。
John sings as he walks home. 翰一往家走一唱歌。
(5)since 引状从句,主句常用在完成,从句常用一般去。
We have been friends since we met in Beijing. 自从我在北京遇到就一直是朋友。
It has been six years since she left school. 自从她已有六年了。
6) until/ till引状从句,当主句的是瞬,主句常用否定形式,not ⋯ until直到⋯才He didn ’ t go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作才睡。
2.地点状从句
地点状从句在主句中表示地点。其接有where(哪里), wherever(无哪里)等。
Put it where you find it.把它放在原来的地方。
You can sit wherever you like.你喜坐在哪里就坐在哪里。
3.原因状从句
原因状从句在主句中表示原因或者理由。其接有:because(因), as (因), since(既然)等。
I often eat carrots because they are good for my health. 我常吃胡卜是因我的身体有好。
As I don’ t know the way, I had to ask the policeman由于.我不知道路,所以我不得不警察。
(1) because 表示因果关系气最,常用来回答why 提出的。
I didn’ t tell them because they were too young我没.有告他,因他太小。
(2) because 和 so 不能同在一个句子里。Because the book was expensive, I didn’前t不buy用itso).(I
4.果状从句
果状从句在主句中表示果。其接有:so⋯that ⋯(如此⋯以至于⋯), such⋯that ⋯(如此⋯以至于⋯)等。
It ’ s such a good chance that you can 次’机t会miss如此it.好,你不能失去它。
注意: so⋯that 和such ⋯that 都可以引果状从句,注意so 和such 后面所接的不同。
(1) such... that
such+ a(an) +形容+数可数名+that 从句
such+形容+复数名/不可数名+that 从句
He was such an honest man that he was praised by the teacher.他非常,因而受到了老的表。
They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again. 些小非常有趣,我想再一遍。
(2) 但是如果名前由many 、 much 、few 、 little (少)等修,用so。
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. 他摔了很多跤,以至于全身上下青一,紫一的。
(3) so ... that
so+形容/副.+ that 从句
so+形容+ a(an) +数可数名+that 从句
He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him. 他跑得非常快,没人能追上他。
Dr. Wang is so good that everybody loves and respects him. 他是一位好医生,大家都尊敬并戴他。
=He is so good a doctor that everybody loves and respects him.
=He is such a good doctor that everybody loves and respects him.
5.目的状从句
目的状从句在主句中表示目的。其接有:so(以便), so that(了), in order that(了)等,从句中多
用情can, will, may, should等。
He got up very early so that he could catch the first train. 他起床很早以便于赶第一班火。
6.条件状从句
条件状从句在主句中表示条件。其接有:if(如果), unless (如果不,除非),as long as(只要)等。If it is fine tomorrow, we will go swimming.如果明天天气好的我去游泳。
注意:在条件状从句中,一般要用一般在代替一般将来,一般去代替去将来。
Unless it rains, the game will be played. ( = If it doesn ’ t rain, the game will be played)如果.不下雨,比就将行。As long as you tell truth , I ’ ll try只to要help你you出真.相,我就尽力帮助你。
7. 步状从句