专八改错(2013)

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专业八级54篇改错练习与答案解析

可可英语专八改错练习第一期About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1 pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking University. ____2The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Center s for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high risk categories. ____6 The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than two years apart.____10第二期'Home, sweet home" is a phrase that express an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home _____1has great importance for many people.This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house _____2for one's family, and started a farm. These small households were _____3portraits of independence: the entire family- mother, father, children,even grandparents-live in a small house and working together to ___4support each other. Anyone understood the life-and-death importance _____5of family cooperation and hard work. Although most people in the United States no longer live on farms, but the ideal of home ownership _____6is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth. When U.S soldiers came home before World WarⅡ, for example, _____7they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was _____8a tremendous boom in home building. The new houses, typically in the suburbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied _____9a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of their way of life._____10第三期We live in a society which there is a lot of talk about science, but I would say _____1that there are not 5 percent of the people who are equipped with school, including college, to understand scientific reasoning. We are more ignorant of science as people _____2with comparable education in Western Europe.There are a lot of kids who know everything about computers—how to build them, how to take them apart, and how to write programs for games. So if you ask _____3them to explain about the rinciples of physics that have gone into creating the _____4computer, you don’t have faintest idea. _____5The failure to understand science leads to such things like the neglect of human _____6creative power. It also takes rise to blurring of the distinction between science and _____7tec hnology. Lots of people don’t differ between the two. Science is the production of _____8new knowledge that can be applied or not, and technology is the application of knowledge to the production of some products, machinery or the like. The two are really different, and people who have the faculty for one very seldom have a faculty for the others. _____9Science in itself is harmless, more or less. But as soon as it can provide technology,it’s not necessarily harmful. No society has yet earned to forecast the consequences of new technology, which can be enormous._____10第四期What is a black hole? Well, it is difficult to answer the question,as the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon __1are adequate here. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is __2a region of space which matter has fallen and from which nothing can __3escape—not even light. But we can’t see a black hole. A black hole __4exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter. It is only space—or thus we think. How can this happen? __5 The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point; they “collapse” and sometimes a supernova occurs.The collapse of a star may produce a “White Dwarf” of a “neutronstar”—a star which matter is so dense that if continually shrinks by the force of __6its own gravity. But if the star is very large, this process of shrinking may be so intense that a black hole results in. Imagine the earth reduced to the __7size of a marble, but still having the same masses and a stronger __8gravitational pull, and you have some ideas of the force of a black hole. __9And no matter near the black hole is sucked in. __10第五期The great whales are among the most fascinating creatures which __1have ever lived on the earth, and one of them, the blue whale, is the largest. People in ancient times thought whales as fearsome __2monsters of the ocean depths. So to hunt a whale, when one occasionally swam toward shore, he was high adventure. People __3found the adventure was rewarding, too, for the oil and meat from one whale alone could heat and feed a village for a whole winter.Whales resemble huge fish. They were referred by the ancients as __4“great fish,” and any whale beaching along the c oasts of England was designated “the King’s fish” because it automatically belonged to the Crown.Ever since those early times, human have felt whales a sense of __5 wonder mixed with an intense desire to capture, slaughter, and exploit. Now the slaughter has reached alarming proportions. __6Even though some species are protected by the regulations of the International Whaling Commission and theoretically all whale hunting is regulated, but the earth's stock of whales is still being __7depleted. In fact, some scientists worry that 100 years since now __8there may be no whales left. If this happens, mankind will be blame for removing from the earth forever a remarkable and __9awe-inspiring creature that always fed man's imagination and made the world a more exciting place__10第六期We use language every day. We live in a world of words. Hardly any moment passes with someone talking, writing or reading. Indeed, __1languages is most essential to mankind. Our lives increasingly depend on fast and successful use of language. Strangely enough, we know __2more about things around us than on ourselves. For example, language __3is species specific, that is, it is language that differs human from __4animals. However, we do not know yet how exactly we inquire language __5and how it is possible for us to perceive through language; nor we __6understand precisely the combinations between language and thought, __7language and logic, or language and culture; still less, how and when language started. One reason for this inadequate knowledge of language is that we, like language users, take too many things for granted. __8 Language comes to every normal person so naturally that a few __9of us stop to question what language is, much less do we feel the necessity to study it. Language is far more complex than most people have probably imagined and the necessity to study it is far greater than some people may have assured. Linguistic is a branch of science which takes language as its object of investigation.__10第七期Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years before, you can’t help being strucked by the __1 appearance of the women taking part. Their hair styles and make-up look date; their skirts look either too long or too short__2 ;their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous.The men taking part, on other hand, are clearly recognizable. __3There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entire different age. This illusion is created __4by changing fashions. Over the years, the great minority of men __5have successfully resisted all attempts to make it change their __6style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each year,a fewer so-called top designers in Paris and London lay down __7on the law and women around the world run to obey. The __8decrees of the designers are unpredictable anddictatorial.Sometime they decide arbitrarily, that skirts will be short and __9waists will be height; hips are in and buttons are out. __10 第八期Demographic indicators show that Americans in the post war period were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth rate to a twentieth century height __1after more than a hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom." __2These young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but temporary __3reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a ounger age than their __4Europe counterparts. __5Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women who formed__6families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the divorce rate after a __7postwar peak; their marriages remained intact to a greater extent than did that of __8couples who married in earlier as well as later decades. Since the United States __9maintained its dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in Europe. __10 Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned.第九期When you start talking about good and bad manners you immediately startmeeting difficulties. Many people just cannot agree what they mean. We asked alady, who replied that she thought you could tell a well-mannered person on the __1way they occupied the space around them—for example, when such a personwalks down a street he or she is constantly unaware of others. Such people never __2bump into other people.However, a second person thought that this was more a question ofcivilized behavior as good manners. Instead, this other person told us a story, __3it he said was quite well-known, about an American who had been invited __4 to an Arab meal at one of the countries of the Middle East. The American __5hasn't been told very much about the kind of food he might expect. If he had __6known about American food, he might have behaved better. __7Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked, tohim, very much as a napkin. Picking it up, he put it into his collar, so that __8it falls across his shirt. His Arab host, who had been watching, __9said of nothing, but immediately copied the action of his guest. __10And that, said this second person, was a fine example of good manners.第十期A great many cities are experiencing difficulties which are nothing new in the history of cities, except in their scale. Some cities have lost their original purpose and have not found new one. And any large or rich city is __1going to attract poor immigrants, who flood in, filling with hopes of __2prosperity which are then often disappointing. There are backward towns on the edge of Bombay or Brasilia, just as though there were on the edge of __3seventeenth-century London or early nineteenth-century Paris. This is new is __4the scale. Descriptions written by eighteenth-century travelers of the poor of Mexico City, and the enormous contrasts that was to be found there, are very __5 dissimilar to descriptions of Mexico City today—the poor can still be numbered __6in millions.The whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosperity, but behind it lies __7two myths; the myth of the city as a promised land, that attracts immigrants __8from rural poverty and brings it flooding into city centers, and the myth of the __9country as a Garden of Eden, which, a few generations late, sends them flood __10-ing out again to the suburbs.第十一期Artists use caricature to distort the human face or figure for comic affect__1while at the same time capturing an identifiable likeness and suggests the essence __2of the personality or character beneath the surface. The humor lies in the fact __3the caricature is recognizable, and yet exaggerated.From their origin in Europe as witty sketches, caricature grew through __4the eighteenth and nineteenth century, becoming enormously popular in __5the United States early in this century. In 1920s and 1930s especially, this lively form of illustration was appeared in newspapers and __6magazines throughout the country. The caricaturists in this era drew his __7portraits of important figures primary to entertain. In spirit their work was __8close to the humor of the fast-developing comic strip and gag cartoon than to the __9string of political satire. Their subjects were more often amusing than offended __10by amiable attacks.第十二期Most people would describe water like a colorless liquid. They __1would know that in very cold conditions it becomes a solid calledice and that when heating on a fire it becomes a vapor called steam. __2However, water, they would say, is a liquid. We have learned thatwater consists of molecules composed with two atoms of hydrogen __3and one atom of oxygen, which we describe by the formula H2O.This is equally true of the solid called ice and the gas called steam.Chemically there is no difference between the gas, the liquid, andthe solid, all of which is made up of molecules with the formula H2O. __4This is true of other chemical substances; most of them can exist asgases or as liquids or as solids. We may normally think of iron as asolid, but if we will heat it in a furnace, it will melt and become a __5liquid, and at very high temperatures it will become a gas. Nothingvery permanent occurs when a gas changes into a liquid or a solid.Everyone knows that ice, which has been made by freezing water,can be melted again by warmed and that steam can be condensed __6on a cold surface to become liquid water. In fact, it is only becausewater is so a familiar substance that different names are used for __7the solid, liquid and gas. Most substances are only familiar with __8us in one state, because the temperatures requiring to turn them __9into gases are very high, or the temperatures necessary to turn theminto solids are so low. Water is an exception in this respect, whichis another reason why its three states have given three different names. __10第十三期Classic Intention MovementIn social situations, the classic Intention Movement is “the chair-grasp”. Host and guest have been talking for some time, but now the host has an ppointment to keep and can get away. His urge __1to go is held in cheek by his desire not be rude to his guest. If he did __2not care of his guest’s feelings he would simply get up out of his chair __3and to announce his departure. This is what his body wants to do, __4therefore his politeness glues his body to the chair and refuses to let him __5raise. It is at this point that he performs the chair-grasp Intention __6Movement. He continues to talk to the guest and listen to him, but leans forward and grasps the arms of the chair as about to push himself upwards. __7This is the first act he would make if he were rising. If he were not __8hesitating, it would only last the fraction of the second. He would lean, __9push, rise, and be up. But now, instead, it lasts much longer. He holds his “readiness-to-rise” post and keeps on holding it. It is as if his __10body had frozen at the get-ready moment.第十四期The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric human __1ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing with animal foods __2An analysis of 58 societies of modern hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed thatone-half emphasize gathering plants foods,one-third concentrate on fishing, and only one-sixth are primarily hunters,Overall, two-thirds and more of the hunter-gatherer’s calories come from __3plants. Detailed studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University of London, showed that gathering is a more productive source of food than is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 edible __4 calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. __5Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung diet, and no __6one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, if they escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporary aborigines live to old ages despite of the absence __7of medical care. They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dental decay, no high blood pressure, no heart disease, and their blood cholesterol levels are very low (about half of the average American adult). __8If no one is suggesting that we return to an aboriginal life style, we certainly __9could use their eating habits as a model for healthier diet. __10第十五期There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronun-ciation comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt ‘naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography __1is learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our speech sounds __2like when we speak out, and it often comes as a shock when we __3firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we recognize at once, __4whereas our own handwriting is something which we almost always know. We __5begin the "natural" learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and __6practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every __7day than we ever have to spend learning even our difficult English spelling.This is "natural", therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our im- __8mediate circle; after all, as we have seen, speech operates a means of holding a community and to give a sense of "belonging". We learn quite early to recognize a __9 "stranger", someone who speaks with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far. __10 第十六期Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior.Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised __1hunting pack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and he scores a goal, __2enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey. __3To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a million __4year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival depended on success __5in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even if their __6bodies, became radically changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-group __7attackers.Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely long formative __8period of hunting for food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence,so vital to their old hunting life, were put to a new use—that of penning, __9controlling and domesticating their prey. The food was there on the farms,awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of farming were no longer __10essential for survival.第十七期In addition to learn how to cope with daily__1work, I've also know to handle study sessions for__2big tests. My all-night study sessions in high school are experiment in self-torture. Around __32:00A.M., My mind, as a soaked sponge, simply__4 stopped absorb things. Now, I space out exam__5study sessions over several days. That way, the night before can be devoted to a overall review__6rather than raw memorizing. Most important,though, I've changed my attitude toward tests. In high school, I thought tests were mysterious things with completely predictable questions. Now, I ask __7teachers the kinds of questions that will be on the __8 exam, and I try to "psych out" which areas or facts teachers are like to ask about. These practices really__9work, and for me they've taken many of the __10fear and mystery out of tests第十八期For the last fifteen or twenty years the fashion in criticism or appreciation of the arts have been to deny the existence of any valid criteria and to make the __1__ words “good” or “bad” irrelevant, immaterial, and inapplicable. There is no such thing, we are told, like a set of standards first acquired through experience and __2__ knowledge and late imposed on the subject under discussion. This has been a __3__popular approach, for it relieves the critic of the responsibility of judgment and the public by the necessity of knowledge. It pleases those resentful of disciplines, it __4__flatters the empty-minded by calling him open-minded, it comforts the __5__confused. Under the banner of democracy and the kind of quality which our forefathers did no mean, it says, in effect, “Who are you to tell us what is good or bad?” This is same cry used so long and so effectively by the producers of mass __6__media who insist that it is the public, not they, who decide what it wants to hear __7__and to see, and that for a critic to say that this program is bad and that program is good is pure a reflection of personal taste. Nobody recently has expressed this __8__ philosophy most succinctly than Dr. Frank Stanton, the highly intelligent __9__president of CBS television. At a hearing before the Federal Communications Commission, this phrase escaped from him under questioning: “One man’s mediocrity __10__is another man’s good program”.第二十期The grammatical words which play so large a part in English grammar are for the most part sharply and obviously different from the lexical words. A rough and ready difference which may seem the most obvious is that grammatical __1__words have “less meaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them __2__“empty”words as opposed in the “full”words of vocabulary. But this is a rather __3__misled way of expressing the distinction. Although a word like the is not the name __4__of something as man is, it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a __5__sharp difference in meaning between “man is vile”and “the man is vile”, yet the is the single vehicle of this difference in meaning. Moreover, grammatical words __6__differ considerably among themselves as the amount of meaning they have even in __7__the lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been “little words.”But size is by no mean a good criterion for distinguishing the grammatical words.”__8__of English, when we consider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car. __9__Apart from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what some people say:we certainly do create a great number of obscurity when we omit them. This is __10__illustrated not only in the poetry of Robert Browning but in the prose of telegrams and newspaper headlines.第二十一期More people die of tuberculosis than of any other disease caused by a single agent. This has probably been the case in quite a while. During the __1__early stages of the industrial revolution, perhaps one in every seventh __2__deaths in Europe’s crowded cities were caused by the disease. From __3__now on, though, western eyes, missing the global picture, saw the trouble __4__going into decline. With occasional breaks for war, the rates of death and infection in the Europe and America dropped steadily through the 19th and __5__20th centuries. In the 1950s, the introduction of antibiotics strengthened the trend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed to be imported to __6__ poor countries. Medical researchers declared victory and withdrew.They are wrong. In the mid1980s the frequency of infections and deaths __7__started to pick up again around the world. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came __8__back; in many places where it had never been away, it grew better. The World __9__Health Organization estimates that 1.7 billion people (a third of the earth’s population)suffer from tuberculosis. Even when the infection rate was falling,population growth kept the number of clinical cases more or less constantly at 8 __10__million a year. Around 3 million of those people died, nearly all of them in poor countries.tuberculosis n.肺结核antibiotics n.抗生素, 抗生学第二十二期One of America’s most important export is her modern music. __1__American popular music is playing all over the world. It is enjoyed __2__by people of all ages in all countries. Because the lyrics are English, __3__nevertheless people not speaking English enjoy it. The reasons for its popularity are its fast pace and rhythmic beat.The music has many origins in the United States. Country music,coming from the suburban areas in the southern United States, is one __4__source. Country music features simple themes and melodies describing day-to-day situations and the feelings of country people. Many people appreciate this music because the emotions expressed by country __5__ music songs. A second origin of American popular music is the blues. It depicted __6__mostly sad feelings reflecting the difficult lives of American blacks. It is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is not popular with __7__all Americans.Rock music is a newer form of music. This music style, featuring fast and repetitious rhythms, was influenced by the blues and country music. It is first known as rock-and- roll in the 1950’s. Since then there __8__ have been many forms of rock music, hard rock, soft rock, punk rock,disco music and others. Many performers of popular rock music are young musicians.American popular music is marketed to a demanding audience.Now popular songs are heard on the radio several times a day. Some songs become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sing __9__in their original English or sometimes translated into other languages.The words may coincide but the enjoyment of the music is universal. __10__第二十三期Cities can be frightened places. The majority of __1__the population live in noisy massive tower blocks. The sense of belonging to a community tends to appear __2__ when you live thirty floors up in a skyscraper. Strange __3__enough, whereas in the past the inhabitants of one street all knew each other, nowadays people on the same floor in tower blocks even say hello to each __4__other.Country life, on the other hand, differs from this kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community generally keep the inhabitants of a small village together. __5__People have the advantage of knowing that there is always someone to turn to when they need help. So __6__ country life has disadvantages too. For example, shopping becomes a major problem and for anything slightly out of the ordinary you have to go for an expe- dition__7__to the nearest large town. The country has the advantage of peaceful and quiet, but suffers from the __8__isadvantages of being cut off. The city has noise and population which do harm to human health. But one of their main advantages is that you are at the centre of __9__things and that life doesn’t come to an end even at ten at night. Some people have found a compromise be-tween the two: they expressed their preference for the quiet life by leaving for the city and moving to the __10__ country within commuting distance of the large city.第二十四期Planning is a very important activity in our lives. It can give pleasure, even excitement, and it can cause quite severe headaches. __1The most significant the task ahead, the more careful the planning __2required. Getting to school or to work on time is a task requiring few __3or no planning, it is almost routine. A month’s touring holiday abroad,or better still, getting married, is a different matter altogether. If the matter involve a church wedding, a reception, a honeymoon in Venice, __4and returning a new home, this requires even more planning to make __5sure that it is successful. Planning is our way of trying to ensure success and of avoiding costly failures we can not suffer. It is equally essential __6to individual nations and families; the scale may be vary, but the degree __7of importance does not. In the essence, a nation planning its resources __8and needs do not differ from the familiar weekly shopping or monthly __9household budget. Both are designed to ensure an adequate supply of essentials, and if improperly carried out, will avoid shortages, wastage __10and over-expenditure.第二十五期Tracing missing persons can take much patient detective work. But a special kind of "private eye" can trace the missing ancestors of whole peoples by studying the clues。

专八改错真题及答案

2000 年-2015年专八短文改错试卷2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular show on ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1.______plush”” seats we had been “plushrink, my friend’s mother remarked on the given. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______Plush””vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plushwas clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation。

that 3.______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4.______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and ’t they? My so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, arenfriend’’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5.______friendexpression that I had not got the word quite right. Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly means, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6.______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should have asked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9.______speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly, but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English. So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10.______2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s. There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______ have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______ l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______ l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______ more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have? l What motivates people to acquire additional language? l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______ acquisition of additional languages? l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages? From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______ the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______ tional so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an addilanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______ focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______ or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______ 2013 专八短文改错试卷．Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding, production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____ listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language. One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______ happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______ Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______ you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______ involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it 。

英语专业八级改错(终稿版)

英语专业八级改错（1）It is difficult to think of a nation as an abstract collection of people living on a patch of territory. It is easier to think of as a person. This is why we sometimes call Great Britain __1__ "Britannia" and the United States "Columbia", and think of it as stately women. We also use masculine symbols in our __2__ personification of nations. In 1712 John Arbuthont, a Scot,wrote a political satire in that the characters were supposed __3__ to be typical members of different nationalities. The Englishman was John Bull. This name, which was sufficient flattering to be __4__ adopted generally, combined the most common English first name with a last name indicated strength. John Bull is usually __5__ pictured as a partly businessman with a Union Jack on his hatband.After the American War of Independence began in 1783, the United __6__States was knownfor "Brother Jonathan". Jonathan was a biblical __7__ name associated with simple people from rural areas, and it seemed fitting since the United States is rural and unsophiscated, and since __8__American considered their type of simplicity a virtue compared to __9__ the wickedness of European cities. It is possible, however, that the name was originated with President George Washington,who would __10__often say, when faced with a hard problem, "Let us consult Brother Jonathan", referring to his secrectary, Johnathan Trumbull.英语专业八级（1）答案和解析:1. of和as之间加上it.代替前文的a nation2. it—both.指代上文的US和Great Britain3. that—which4.sufficient—sufficiently.修饰形容词用副词5. indicated—indicating来源：考试大6. began—ended.根据历史知识，美国独立战争开始于1776年7月4日(《独立宣言》发表)，直到1783年英国正式承认美国独立才结束。

历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案

英语专业八级改错(终稿版)

英语专业八级改错（1）It is difficult to think of a nation as an abstract collection of people living on a patch of territory. It is easier to think of as a person. This is why we sometimes call Great Britain __1__ "Britannia" and the United States "Columbia", and think of it as stately women. We also use masculine symbols in our __2__ personification of nations. In 1712 John Arbuthont, a Scot,wrote a political satire in that the characters were supposed __3__ to be typical members of different nationalities. The Englishman was John Bull. This name, which was sufficient flattering to be __4__ adopted generally, combined the most common English first name with a last name indicated strength. John Bull is usually __5__ pictured as a partly businessman with a Union Jack on his hatband.After the American War of Independence began in 1783, the United__6__States was knownfor "Brother Jonathan". Jonathan was a biblical__7__ name associated with simple people from rural areas, and it seemed fitting since the United States is rural and unsophiscated, and since__8__American considered their type of simplicity a virtue compared to __9__ the wickedness of European cities. It is possible, however, that the name was originated with President George Washington, who would__10__often say, when faced with a hard problem, "Let us consult Brother Jonathan", referring to his secrectary, Johnathan Trumbull.英语专业八级（1）答案和解析:1. of和as之间加上it.代替前文的a nation2. it—both.指代上文的US和Great Britain3. that—which4. sufficient—sufficiently.修饰形容词用副词5. indicated—indicating 来源：考试大6. began—ended.根据历史知识，美国独立战争开始于1776年7月4日(《独立宣言》发表)，直到1783年英国正式承认美国独立才结束。

历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案解析

2014年真题改错部分There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition(SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions 1.___________ have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: 2.___________ ·Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same senseone acquires a first language? 3. __________ ·What is the explanation for the fact adults have more difficulty in 4.__________ acquiring additional languages than children have?·What motivates people to acquire additional languages?·What is the role of the language teaching in the acquisition of an 5.__________ additional language?·What sociocultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all the 6.__________ approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have onething in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of anadditional language is that of an individual attempts to do so. Whether 7.__________ one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additional language, it is anindividual accomplishment or what is under focus is the cognitive, 8.__________ psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, thespotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what psychological 9.___________ factors play a role in the learning or acquisition, and whether the targetlanguage is learnt in the classroom or acquired through social touch with 10.__________ native speakers.2014年真题改错部分答案：1.is 添加also a2.possessed 改为attracted 词汇搭配attract one’s attention3.the same sense 后添加as one 固定搭配(介词)：the same as4.the fact 后添加that adults从句：同位语从句，关系代词that 不可省略5.the language 去掉the , 此处泛指不特指，非特指6.check 改为review 词汇：纵览，回顾，综述7.attempts改为attempting 介词后+名词/动名词短语8.or改为and 连词：顺应关系9.involving 改为involved 非谓语动词：被动关系，用过去分词10.t ouch 改为interaction 词汇interaction 指交流，互动；touch 触碰，指身体接触2013年专八真题改错部分2013年专业八级改错答案及解析：1. production 改为producing。

1999—2013年专八真题改错(学生)

The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first 1 _____ _century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the 2 _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not 3 _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who 4 _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th 5 _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language 6 _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible 7 ______ _ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as 8 _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the 9 _______ extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. 10 _____2011年专八短文改错From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knewthat when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did sowith the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________ soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________ on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. Forthis and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5___________ schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________ being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9_______in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________ intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.So far as we can tell, all human languages are equallycomplete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1_____________ the things their speakers want to say. 2____________ There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3____________peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not allgroups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics orpsychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_____________ fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak aboutsnow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5____________ English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of thosesometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise andsubtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect 6____________ in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position issimply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8____________ for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in whichEnglishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9___________ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo languagecould be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufactureor cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. 10____________The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference 1___________ between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the 2___________ little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even 3____________ grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme andtransmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With 4_____________ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed 5___________ on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes 6_____________ between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommonfor the difference in age between playmates to be more than fiveyears. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have beencurrently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it 7__________ has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed 8___________ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, andthe wonder is that it remains live after so much handling, 9____________ to let alone that it bears resemblance to the 10____________2008年专八短文改错The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is avery natural one, and in result language has played a prominent 1____ part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate 2____ a given language to show that they are distinctive from another 3____ race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States 4____ split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a 5____ different language from those of Britain. There was even one 6____ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favouredthe adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things wouldcertainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English 7____ and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone 8____ knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before. 9____ Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world 10____ that political independence and national identity can be completewithout sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common language.2007专八短文改错From what has been said, it must be clear that no one canmake very positive statements about how language originated.There is no material in any language today and in the earliest 1__________ records of ancient languages show us language in a new and 2__________ emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language 3_________ originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the 4__________ necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remotetribes, no ancient records, providing evidence ofa language with a large proportion of such cries5__________ than we find in English. It is true that the absenceof such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in6__________ other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.People of all races and languages make rather similarnoises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that7___________ such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmenand Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference8___________ between these noises and language proper. We maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusementare largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent, 9____________ whereas language proper does not consist of signsbut of these that have to be learnt and that are 10___________ wholly conventional.2006专八短文改错We use language primarily as a means of communication withother human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which welive a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as 1_______to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular 2_______ message: the English speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a 3_______set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his 4_______ thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English 5_______ speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active-ly and that which he recognises, increases in size as he growsold as a result of education and experience. 6_________ But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the systemremains no more than a psychological reality for the individual, unlesshe has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another 7_________ member of his linguistic community; he bas to give the system aconcrete transmission form. We take it for granted the two most 8____________ common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by ourvocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are 9_____________ among most striking of human achievements. 10____________2005年专八短文改错The University as BusinessA number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,very low rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed becauseof a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1 ________ stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizesits net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the 2 _________ outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3 _________ business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty 4__________ increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of beingin the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in 5 __________ graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one's job prospects, 6 __________ the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable.The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students 7 ___________ include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving studentsa governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8 _________ Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students ascustomers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the 9 ___________ rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of theathletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the bestathletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlierfrom professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, byagreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purelyof need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best customer. 10 _____ _2004年专八短文改错One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S Congressis the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees - either standing committees, special committees set for a specific 1____ purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses. 2____ Investigations are held to gather information on the need forfuture legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members andofficials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the 3____ groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committeesrely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings 4____ and to make out detailed studies of issues. 5____ There are important corollaries to the investigative power. Oneis the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most 6____ committee hearings are open to public and are reported 7____ widely in the mass media. Congressional investigationsnevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers 8____ to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues. 9___ _ Congressional committees also have the power to compeltestimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contemptof Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury ofthese who give false testimony. 10___ _Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwarperiod were more eager than ever to establish families. They quicklybrought down the age at marriage for both men and women and broughtthe birth rate to a twentieth century height after more than a hundred 1__ years of a steady decline, producing the “baby boom.” These young 2__ adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively largefamilies that went for more than two decades and caused a major 3__ but temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. Fromthe 1940s through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate 4__ and at a younger age than their Europe counterparts. 5__ Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women who 6__ formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the 7__ divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact toa greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier as well 8__ as later decades. Since the United States maintained its dubious 9__ distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world, thetemporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in 10__ Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned.There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciationcomparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact thatpronunciation is learnt…naturally‟ and unconsciously, and orthography is learnt 1._____ deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remainthroughout our lives quite unconscious with what our speech sounds 2______ like when we speak out, and it often comes as a shock when 3______ we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we recognize at once, 4_______ whereas our own handwriting is something which we almost always know. 5_____ We begin the …natural‟ learning of pronunciation long before we start learningto read or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously 6.___ imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around usfor many more hours per every day than we ever have to spend 7.___ learning even our difficult English spelling. This is …natural‟, 8.___ therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding a community 9. ___ and giving a sense of' belonging'. We learn quite early to recognizea …stranger‟, someone who speaks with anaccent of a different community-perhaps only a few miles far. 10. ___During the early years of this century, wheat was seen as thevery lifeblood of Western Canada. People on city streets watchedthe yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if 1.___ they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasing 2.___ favorite topic of conversation.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketingthe western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grainselling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange.Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, so farmers could 3.___ not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often thatthey sold their wheat soon shortly after harvest when farm debts 4.___ were coming due, just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. 5.___ On various occasions, producer groups, asked firmer control, 6.___ but the government had no wish to become involving, at 7.__ _ least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to runwild.Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal 8.___ government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal withdeliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchangetrading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices fixed by theboard. To handle with the crop of 1919, the government 9.___ appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with total authority to 10.___ buy, sell, and set prices.The grammatical words which play so large a part in Englishgrammar are for the most part sharply and obviously differentfrom the lexical words. A rough and ready difference which mayseem the most obvious is that grammatical words have“ less 1.___ meaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them 2.___ “empty” words as opposed in the “full” words of vocabulary. 3.___But this is a rather misled way of expressing the distinction. 4.___ Although a word like the is not the name of something as man is,it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a sharp 5.___ difference in meaning between “man is vile and” “the man isvile”, yet the is the single vehicle of this difference in meaning. 6.___ Moreover, grammatical words differ considerably amongthemselves as the amount of meaning they have, even in the 7.___ lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been“little words”. But size is by no mean a good criterion for 8.___ distinguishing the grammatical words of English, when weconsider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car. Apart 9.___ from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what somepeople say: we certainly do create a great number of obscurity 10.___ when we omit them. This is illustrated not only in the poetry ofRobert Browning but in the prose of telegrams and newspaper headlines.1999年专八短文改错The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric 1.______ human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing 2._____with animal foods. An analysis of 58 societies of modem hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed that onehalf emphasize gathering plant foods, one-third concentrate on fishingand only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirdsand more of the hunter-gatherer‟s calories come from plants. Detailed 3.______ studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University ofLondon, showed that gathering is a more productive source of foodthan is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 4.______ edible calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. 5.______ Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung 6.______ _ diet, and no one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, ifthey escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporaryaborigines live to old ages despite of the absence of medical care. 7._______ They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dentaldecay, no high blood pressure, on heart disease, and their bloodcholesterol levels are very low( about half of the average American 8._______ adult), if no one is suggesting what we return to an aboriginal life 9._______ _ style, we certainly could use their eating habits as a model for 10.________ healthier diet.。

专八改错-(2000年-2015年)真题及答案

2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题，参考答案以及答案分析2005年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked around the luxury of the 1. ______rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. ______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. ______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. ______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. ______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7. ______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8. ______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9. ______speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. ______1.looked改成looking2.and变成but3．Complimentary改成compliment4.去掉it5.very改成too6.which改成in which7.specially改成especially8.for改成about9.aspect改成case//study10.mend改成narrow//fill//bridge2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______ so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______ or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______1. is后加also。

专八英语改错题技巧

专八英语改错题技巧专八英语改错题技巧如何提高我们的英语能力呢？有什么好的办法吗？那么下面是店铺为大家整理的一些资料，一起来看看吧。

专八英语改错题技巧篇1一般现在时一般现在时态中，动词一般用原形。

表述事实讲真理，习惯动作常发生。

动词词尾加－s(es)，只表单数三人称。

若变一般疑问句，得看句型是哪种。

系表结构和there be, be放句首可完成；若遇实义动词句，do或does莫忘用！现在进行时Look, Listen是标志，现在进行正发生；有时now在句中现，“be＋v－ing”时态成。

若问be用何形式，须看主语数、人称。

He ／ She is, I am． We, you, they后are紧跟。

v－ing形式更好记，三种构成要分清。

一般问句be提前，be后加not否定成！基数词变序数词基变序，很容易，一二三，特殊记，th从四起。

八去t来九去e，遇到ve，f替，ty变为tie，后加th莫迟疑，若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。

时间介词巧记歌年、月、季节前须用in，（如：in 2008, in September, in spring）日期前面行不通。

遇到几号改用on，(如：on January 1)上午、下午、晚上仍用in。

(如：in the morning／afternoon／evening)若是某日上下午，也是用on才能行。

(如：on the evening of the Mid－autumn Day) 正午、夜里用at，(如：at noon, at night)时、分用法也同理。

（如：, at two, at two）如若“差”点须加to，(如：two to two)如若“过”点改past。

(如：half past one)多说勤练牢牢记，学好英语非儿戏。

谓语be的用法我用am，你用are除此之外的单数包括他她还有它统统都是用is我们你们和他们只要复数都用are一般疑问句和否定句的变化一般问句并不难，谓语调到主语前。

专八改错 (2000年-2015年)真题及答案

2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题，参考答案以及答案分析2005年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1. ______rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. ______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. ______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. ______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. ______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7. ______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8. ______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9. ______speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. ______1.looked改成looking2.she后面加had3.去掉第二个a4.去掉it5.polite改成politely6.which改成that7.specially改成especially8.this改成it9.continually改成often10.mend改成narrow2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______ so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______ or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______1. 把of去掉。

历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案

历年专八短文改错试题2014年英语专八改错真题答案There is widespread consensus among scholars that second languageacquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s toearly 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also)have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured)Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (one 前面加as )What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact 后面加that)more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?What motivates people to acquire additional languages?What is the role of the language teaching in the (language 前面去掉the)acquisition of an additional language?What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the)the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts 改为attempting)so. W hether one labels it « I ・?? «・・” an additionallearning ” or “ acquiringlanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and)focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving 改为involved) or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch 改为contact) 2013 英语专八改错真题答案Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding, production andremembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) ______________________listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) _____happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstances wemight become aware of the complexity (5) _____in volved: if we are searchi ng for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has in flue need (6) ______their Ian guage; if we observe a child acquire Ian guage; if (7) ______we try to lear n a sec ond Ian guage ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) _____of what might be called “anguage in exceptional circumstances ”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speak ing, (9) _____listening, writing and reading. But given that Ianguage processeswere no rmally so automatic, we also n eed to carry out careful (10) _____experime nts to get at what is happe ning.1. product ion 改成produci ng2. 去掉the3. 去掉accurately 前面的so4. looking 改为look5. we前面加that6. 去掉colleague后面的has7. their 改成his8. anyone 改成pure 老师some one9. evolved 改成involved10. were 改成are2012年专八真题改错部分The cen tral problem of tran slat ing has always bee n whether to tran slate literally or freely. Theargume nthas bee n going since at least the first (1) _____cen tury B.C. Up to the begi nning of the 19th cen tury, many writers favoured certain kind of "free ”translation: the spirit, not the letter; the sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not the manner . This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who wan ted the truth to be read and un derstood. Then in the tur n of 19th cen tury, whe n the study of cultural an thropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the Ianguage was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible gained some curre ncy, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the extreme "literalists ” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argume nt was theoretical: the purpose of the tran slati on, the n ature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too⑵_______(3) _______⑷ _______(5) _______⑹ _______⑺_______(8) _______often, writer , translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other . Now, the con text has cha nged, and the basic problem rema ins. 参考答案： 1. going 后力口 on 2. certain 改为 a certain 3. rather 改为 not 4. is 改为 was 5. in 改为at 6. 去掉第二个the 7. view 后面加 that 8. 去掉 was 9. culminated后面加 in10. and 改为 but 2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew I should be a writer. Betwee n the ages of about seve ntee n and twen ty-four I tried to aba ndon this idea, but I did so with the con scie nee that I was outragi ng my true n ature and that soon or later I should have to settle dow n and write books.I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reas ons I was somewhat Ion ely, and I soon developed disagree ing mann erisms which made me un popular throughout my schooldays. I had the Ion ely child's habit of making up stories and holdi ng con versatio ns with imagi native pers ons, and I think from the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and un dervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing in un pleasa nt facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously intended ——writingwhich I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a doze n pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation. 1. 在grow 后加up,考固定短语2. 改consienee 为consciousness 考词语区别，consienee 翻译为 ’良心，道德心”，consiousnes 翻译为意识”3. 改 soon 为 sooner ， sooner or later 是固定短语4. 在child 前加middle,考上下文理解。

2013年英语专八考试真题及答案

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)GRADE EIGHTTIME LIMIT：195 MINPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture ． You will hear the lecture ONCE ONL Y. While listening, take notes on the important points ． Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture ． When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE, using no more than three words in each gap ．Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable ． You may refer to your notes while completing the task ． Use the blank sheet for note-taking ．Now, listen to the mini-lecture ．There are difference between active learning and passive learning.Characteristics of active learners:I. reading with purposesA. before reading: setting goalsB. while reading: (1) ________II.(2) ______ and critical in thinkingi.e. information processing, e.g.-- connections between the known and the new information-- identification of (3) ______ concepts-- judgment on the value of (4) _____.III. active in listeningA.ways of note-taking: (5) _______.B.before note-taking: listening andthinking IV. being able to get assistanceA.reason 1: knowing comprehension problems because of (6) ______.B.Reason 2: being able to predict study difficulties--active learners: accept--passive learners: (8) _______B. attitude toward (9) ______--active learners: evaluate and change behaviour--passive learners: no change in approachRelationship between skill and will: will is more important in (10) ______.Lack of will leads to difficulty in college learning.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY . Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow ．Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEETTWO ． Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview ． At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions ． Now listen to the interview ．1． According to the interviewer, which of the following best indicates the relationshipbetween choice and mobility?A ． Better education→ greater mobility → more choices．B ． Better education→ more choices → greater mobility ．C． Greater mobility→ better education → more choices．D ．Greater mobility→ more choices → better education．2．According to the interview ，which of the following details about the first poll is INCORRECT?A ． Shorter work hours was least chosen for being most important ．B ． Chances for advancement might have been favoured by young people ．C． High income failed to come on top for being most important．D ．Job security came second according to the poll results ．3． According to the interviewee ， which is the main difference between the first and the second poll?A ． The type of respondents who were invited ．B ． The way in which the questions were designed ．C． The content area of the questions．D ． The number of poll questions ．4． What can we learn from the respondents ’ answers to items 2， 4 and 7 in the second poll?A ． Recognition from colleagues should be given less importance ．B ． Workers are always willing and ready to learn more new skills．C．Psychological reward is more important than material one ．D ． Work will have to be made interesting to raise efficiency．5． According to the interviewee ， which of the following can offer both psychological and monetary benefits?A ． Contact with many people ．B ． Chances for advancement．C． Appreciation from coworkers ． D ． Chances to learn new skillsSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY ． Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow ．Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEETTWO ． Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news, At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions． Now listen to the news ．6． According to the news item ，“ sleep boxes” are designed to solve the problems ofA ． airports ．B． passengers．C． architects． D ．companies．7． Which of the following is NOT true with reference to the news?A ． Sleep boxes can be rented for different lengths of time ．B ． Renters of normal height can stand up inside ．C． Bedding can be automatically changed ．D ． Renters can take a shower inside the box．Question 8 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question．Now listen to the news ．8． What is the news item mainly about?A ． London ’S preparations for the Notting Hill Carnival．B ． Main features of the Notting Hill Carnival．C．Police's preventive measures for the carnival ．D ．Police participation in the carnival ．Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news ． At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now listen to the news ．9． The news item reports on a research finding aboutA ． the Dutch famine and the Dutch women ．B ． early malnutrition and heart health ．C． the causes of death during the famine．D ． nutrition in childhood and adolescence ．10． When did the research team carry out the study?A ．At the end of World War II ．B ． Between 1944 and 1945．C． In the 1950s．D ． In 2007 ．PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEETTWO ． TEXT AThree hundred years ago news travelled by word of mouth or 1etter, and circulated in taverns and coffee houses in the form of pamphlets and newsletters．“ The coffee houses particularly are． very roomy for a free conversation ， and for reading at an easier rate all manner of printed news，”noted one observer．Everything changed in 1833 when the first mass-audience newspaper, The New York Sun，pioneered the use of advertising to reduce the cost of news， thus giving advertisers access to a wider audience．The penny press，followed by radio and television ，turned news from a two-way conversation into a one — way broadcast， with a relatively small number of firms controlling the media ．Now, the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house．The internet is making news more participatory ，social and diverse，reviving the discursive characteristics of" the era before the mass media．That will have profound effects on society and politics．In much of the world ．the mass media are flourishing ．Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009． But those global figures mask a sharp decline in readership in rich countries ．Over the past decade，throughout the Western world ，people have been giving up newspapers and TV news and keeping up with events in profoundly different ways ． Most strikingly, ordinary people are increasingly involved in compiling ， sharing，filtering ， discussing and distributing news． Twitter lets people anywhere report what they are seeing． Classified documents are published in their thousands online ．Mobile · phone footage of Arab uprisings and American tornadoes is posted on social-networking sites and shown on television newscasts．Social-networking sites help people find， discuss and share news with their friends ．And it is not just readers who are challenging the media elite． Technology firms including Google ， Facebook and Twitter have become important conduits of news． Celebrities and world leaders publish updates directly via social networks ；many countries now make raw data available through “ open government” initiatives ． The internet lets people read newspapers or watchtelevision channels from around the world． The web has allowed new providers of news ， from individual bloggers to sites ， to rise to prominence in a very short space of time． And it has made possible entirely new approaches to journalism ， such as that practiced by WikiLeaks ，which provides an anonymous way for whistleblowers to publish documents． The news agenda is no longer controlled by a few press barons and state outlets ．In principle ， every liberal should celebrate this． A more participatory and social news environment ， with a remarkable diversity and range of news sources， is a good thing ． The transformation of the news business is unstoppable， and attempts to reverse it are doomed to failure ．As producers of new journalism ，individuals can be scrupulous with facts and transparent with their sources． As consumers， they can be general in their tastes and demanding in their standards．And although this transformation does raise concerns ，there is much to celebrate in the noisy, diverse， vociferous ， argumentative and stridently alive environment of the news business in the ages of the internet ． The coffee house is back． Enjoy it ．11． According to the passage， what initiated the transformation of coffee-house news to mass-media news?A ． The emergence of big mass media firms ．B ． The popularity of radio and television ．C． The appearance of advertising in newspapers ．D ． The increasing number of newspaper readers．12． Which of the following statements best supports“ Now, the Hews industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house”?A Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6 ％ between 2005 and 2009．B ．People in the Western world are giving up newspapers and TV news ．C． Classified documents are published in their thousands online ．D ． More people are involved in finding，discussing and distributing news．13． According to the passage， which is NOT a role played by information technology?A ． Challenging the traditional media ．B ．Planning the return to coffee-house news ．C．Providing people with access to classified files ．D ．Giving ordinary people the chance to provide news ．14． The author’ S tone in the last paragraph towards new journalism isA ． optimistic and cautious ．B． supportive and skeptical ．C． doubtful and reserved ．D． ambiguous and cautious．15． In“ The coffee house is back”， coffee house bestsymbolizes A ． the changing characteristics of news audience ．B ． the more diversified means of news distribution ．C． the participatory nature of news ．D. the more varied sources of news ．TEXT BParis is like pornography ．You respond even if you don ’t want to ．You turn a corner and see a vista，and your imagination bolts away 。

历年专八改错真题及答案

精品文档历年专八短文改错试题2014年英语专八改错真题答案There is widespread consensus among scholars that second languageacquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s toearly 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also) have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured) Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (one前面加as ) What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact后面加that) more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?What motivates people to acquire additional languages?What is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the) acquisition of an additional language?What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the)the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改为attempting) so. Whether one labels it “learning”or “acquiring”an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and) focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改为involved)or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改为contact) 2013 英语专八改错真题答案Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of thepsychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____ listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______精品文档．精品文档involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;(6) ______ if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced(7) ______ their language; if we observe a child acquire language; ifwe try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet(8) ______ anyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples”of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances(9) ______ reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking,listening, writing and reading. But given that language processes(10) ______ were normally so automatic, we also need to carry out carefulexperiments to get at what is happening.producing 改成1. production the去掉2.so 前面的3. 去掉accurately look 改为4. lookingthat前面加5. wehas 后面的去掉colleague6.his改成7. their someone 老师pure8. anyone改成involved 改成9. evolved are 改成10. were2012年专八真题改错部分The central problem of translating has always been whether totranslate literally or freely. Theargumenthas been going since at least the first (1) ______century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free”translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______ the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______ wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______ was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______ literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______ extreme “literalists”Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too精品文档．精品文档, translator and reader were implicitly identified withoften, writer(10) _____ each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains.参考答案：on 后加1.going a certain 改为2. certainnot 改为3. ratherwas 改为4. isat 5. in 改为the 去掉第二个6.that 后面加7. viewwas8. 去掉in 后面加9. culminated but改为10. and年专八真题改错部分2011From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew1__________ that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so2___________ with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that3___________ soon or later I should have to settle down and write books.4__________ I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five yearson either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. Forthis and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed5_____________ disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout myschooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and6_________ holding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from7________ the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling ofbeing isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words8________ and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created9________ a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure10________ in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious —i.e. seriouslywriting which I produced all through my childhood and intended —boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.考固定短语后加up, 1.在grow意翻译为““良心，道德心”, consiousness考词语区别，2. 改consience为consciousness consience翻译为识”是固定短语sooner，sooner or later为3.改soon 作者是三个孩子句中的那位考上下文理解。

(完整word版)专八改错_历届(2000年-2013年)真题及答案解读

PART IV PROOFREADING&ERRORCORRECTION [15 MIN]The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a"^"sign and write the word you believe to bemissing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen ^ art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anIt never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition it must often build it. (3) exhibit2013年Psycholinguistics is the name given to the study of the psychologicalprocesses involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1)listening, reading, speaking, writing, and the memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2)happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3)Indeed, when you listen to someone speaking, looking at this page, (4)You normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity. (5)involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6)their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7)we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing- impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8)of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstance”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9)listening, writing and reading. But given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10)experiments to get at what is happening.2013参考答案：1. production改producing2. 去掉the3. of 后加the most of time 意为时常most of the time 绝大多数时间4. looking5. we 前加that 强调句6. influenced改affected, influence 强调人或物对某人的影响，affect强调因为某种作用对某人或某物产生的影响，本句中指中风这一动作行为对语言的影响7. acquire 改acquiring observe sb. Doing sth.8. anyone 改someone9. evolved 改involved10. were 改are2012年The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely.The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavored certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th(5) _______century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____2012参考答案：1．going∧since－加入on 题解：go on的意思是“继续”，符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”。

(完整版)专八改错(2000年-2015年)真题及答案

2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题，参考答案以及答案分析2005年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1. ______rink, my friend 's mother remarked on the “plush ”seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. ______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. ______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren't they? Myfriend 's mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. ______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9.speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. _______1.looked 改成looking2. she 后面加had3. 去掉第二个a4. 去掉it5. polite 改成politely6. which 改成that7. specially 改成especially8. this 改成it9. continually 改成often10. m end 改成narrow2014 改错There is widespread consensusamong scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) _____have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) _____l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language? (3) _______________________________l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) _____more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) _____acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additionallanguages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) _____the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of anindividual attempts to do (7) ____________________________________so. Whether one labels it “learning ” or “ acquiring ” an additional language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ___________________focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ____________________________________________or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the classroom or acquiredthrough social touch with native speakers. (10) ________________________1. 把of 去掉。

专八改错_历届(2000年-2013年)真题及答案

2013专八真题及各种答案

免费2013专八真题及答案TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)GRADE EIGHTTIME LIMIT：195 MINPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture．Y ou will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points．Y our notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture．When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE, using no more than three words in each gap．Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable．Y ou may refer to your notes while completing the task．Use the blank sheet for note-taking．Now, listen to the mini-lecture．What Do Active Learners Do?There are difference between active learning and passive learning.Characteristics of active learners:I. reading with purposesA. before reading: setting goalsB. while reading: (1) ________II. (2) ______ and critical in thinkingi.e. information processing, e.g.-- connections between the known and the new information-- identification of (3) ______ concepts-- judgment on the value of (4) _____.III. active in listeningA.ways of note-taking: (5) _______.B.before note-taking: listening and thinkingIV. being able to get assistanceA.reason 1: knowing comprehension problems because of (6) ______.B.Reason 2: being able to predict study difficultiesV. being able to question informationA. question what they read or hearB. evaluate and (7) ______.VI. Last characteristicA. attitude toward responsibility-- active learners: accept-- passive learners: (8) _______B. attitude toward (9) ______-- active learners: evaluate and change behaviour-- passive learners: no change in approachRelationship between skill and will: will is more important in (10) ______.Lack of will leads to difficulty in college learning.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO．Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview．At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions．Now listen to the interview．1．According to the interviewer, which of the following best indicates the relationship between choice and mobility?A．Better educatio n →greater mobility →more choices．B．Better education →more choices →greater mobility．C．Greater mobility →better education →more choices．D．Greater mobility →more choices →better education．2．According to the interview，which of the following details about the first poll is INCORRECT? A．Shorter work hours was least chosen for being most important．B．Chances for advancement might have been favoured by young people．C．High income failed to come on top for being most important．D．Job security came second according to the poll results．3．According to the interviewee，which is the main difference between the first and the second poll?A．The type of respondents who were invited．B．The way in which the questions were designed．C．The content area of the questions．D．The number of poll questions．4．What can we learn from the respondents’answers to items 2，4 and 7 in the second poll? A．Recognition from colleagues should be given less importance．B．Workers are always willing and ready to learn more new skills．C．Psychological reward is more important than material one．D．Work will have to be made interesting to raise efficiency．5．According to the interviewee，which of the following can offer both psychological and monetary benefits?A．Contact with many people．B．Chances for advancement．C．Appreciation from coworkers．D．Chances to learn new skillsSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY．Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO．Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news, At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now listen to the news．6．According to the news item，“sleep boxes”are designed to solve the problems of A．airports．B．passengers．C．architects．D．companies．7．Which of the following is NOT true with reference to the news?A．Sleep boxes can be rented for different lengths of time．B．Renters of normal height can stand up inside．C．Bedding can be automatically changed．D．Renters can take a shower inside the box．Question 8 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question．Now listen to the news．8．What is the news item mainly about?A．London’S preparations for the Notting Hill Carnival．B．Main features of the Notting Hill Carnival．C．Police's preventive measures for the carnival．D．Police participation in the carnival．Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now listen to the news．9．The news item reports on a research finding aboutA．the Dutch famine and the Dutch women．B．early malnutrition and heart health．C．the causes of death during the famine．D．nutrition in childhood and adolescence．10．When did the research team carry out the study?A．At the end of World War II．B．Between 1944 and 1945．C．In the 1950s．D．In 2007．PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO．TEXT AThree hundred years ago news travelled by word of mouth or 1etter, and circulated in taverns and coffee houses in the form of pamphlets and newsletters．“The coffee houses particularly are．very roomy for a free conversation，and for reading at an easier rate all manner of printed news，”noted one observer．Everything changed in 1833 when the first mass-audience newspaper, The New Y ork Sun，pioneered the use of advertising to reduce the cost of news，thus giving advertisers access to a wider audience．The penny press，followed by radio and television，turned news from a two-way conversation into a one—way broadcast，with a relatively small number of firms controlling the media．Now, the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house．The internet is making news more participatory，social and diverse，reviving the discursive characteristics of" the era before the mass media．That will have profound effects on society and politics．In much of the world．the mass media are flourishing．Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009．But those global figures mask a sharp decline in readership in rich countries．Over the past decade，throughout the Western world，people have been giving up newspapers and TV news and keeping up with events in profoundly different ways．Most strikingly, ordinary people are increasingly involved in compiling，sharing，filtering，discussing and distributing news．Twitter lets people anywhere report what they are seeing．Classified documents are published in their thousands online．Mobile·phone footage of Arab uprisings and American tornadoes is posted on social-networking sites and shown on television newscasts．Social-networking sites help people find，discuss and share news with their friends．And it is not just readers who are challenging the media elite．Technology firms including Google，Facebook and Twitter have become important conduits of news．Celebrities and world leaders publish updates directly via social networks；many countries now make raw data availablethrough“open government”initiatives．The internet lets people read newspapers or watch television channels from around the world．The web has allowed new providers of news，from individual bloggers to sites，to rise to prominence in a very short space of time．And it has made possible entirely new approaches to journalism，such as that practiced by WikiLeaks，which provides an anonymous way for whistleblowers to publish documents．The news agenda is no longer controlled by a few press barons and state outlets．In principle，every liberal should celebrate this．A more participatory and social news environment，with a remarkable diversity and range of news sources，is a good thing．The transformation of the news business is unstoppable，and attempts to reverse it are doomed to failure．As producers of new journalism，individuals can be scrupulous with facts and transparent with their sources．As consumers，they can be general in their tastes and demanding in their standards．And although this transformation does raise concerns，there is much to celebrate in the noisy, diverse，vociferous，argumentative and stridently alive environment of the news business in the ages of the internet．The coffee house is back．Enjoy it．11．According to the passage，what initiated the transformation of coffee-house news to mass-media news?A．The emergence of big mass media firms．B．The popularity of radio and television．C．The appearance of advertising in newspapers．D．The increasing number of newspaper readers．12．Which of the following statements best supports“Now, the Hews industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house”?A Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6％between 2005 and 2009．B．People in the Western world are giving up newspapers and TV news．C．Classified documents are published in their thousands online．D．More people are involved in finding，discussing and distributing news．13．According to the passage，which is NOT a role played by information technology? A．Challenging the traditional media．B．Planning the return to coffee-house news．C．Providing people with access to classified files．D．Giving ordinary people the chance to provide news．14．The author’S tone in the last paragraph towards new journalism isA．optimistic and cautious．B．supportive and skeptical．C．doubtful and reserved．D．ambiguous and cautious．15．In“The coffee house is back”，coffee house best symbolizesA．the changing characteristics of news audience．B．the more diversified means of news distribution．C．the participatory nature of news．D. the more varied sources of news．TEXT BParis is like pornography．Y ou respond even if you don’t want to．Y ou turn a corner and see a vista，and your imagination bolts away。

英语专业八级改错真题及答案持续更新部分详解文字答案校对

1995-2017年英语专业八级改错真题及答案（文字/答案校对版）2017年改错真题The ability to communicate is the primary factor that distinguishes humanbeings from animals. And it is the ability to communicate well which 1.________ distinguishes one individual from another.The fact is that apart from the basic necessities, one needs tobe equipped with habits for good communication skills, thus this is 2.________what will make one a happy and successful social being.In order to develop these habits, one needs to first acknowledgethe fact that they need to improve communication skills from time to time.They need to take stock of the way how they interact and the direction 3.________in which their work and personal relations are going. The only constantin life is change, the more one accepts one’s strengths and works 4._______towards dealing with their shortcomings, specially in the area of 5.________ communication skills, the better will be their interactions andthe more their social popularity.The dominated question that comes here is: How to improve 6.________ communication skills? The answer is simple. One can findplenty of literature on this. There are also experts, who conductworkshops and seminars based on communication skills of menand women. In fact, a large number of companies are bringing intrainers to regularly make sessions on the subject, in order to 7.________help their work force maintain better interpersonal work relations.Today effective communication skills have become a predominantfactor even while recruiting employees. While interviewing candidates,most interviewers judge them on the basis of the skills they communicate with.They believe that some skills can be improvised on the job; but ability to 8.________ communicate well is important, as every employee becomes therepresenting face of the company.There are trainers, who specialized in delivering custom-made 9._______ programs on the subject. Through the sessions they not only facilitatebetter communication skills in the workplace, but also look intothe problems in the manner of being able to convey messages effectively. 10._______2016年改错真题All social units develop a culture. Even in two-person relationships,a culture develops in time. In friendship and romantic relationships, 1._________for example, partners develop their own history, shared experiences,language patterns, habits, and customs give that relationship a special 2._________ character—a character that differs it in various ways from 3._________other relationships. Examples might include special dates, places,songs, or events that come to have a unique andimportant symbolic meaning for the two individuals. Thus, any 4._________social unit—whether a relationship, group, organization, orsociety—develops a culture with the passage of time.While the defining characteristics of each culture are unique,all cultures share certain same functions. The relationship between 5.__________ communication and culture is a very complex intimate one. 6.__________Cultures are created through communication; that is, communication isthe means of human interaction, through it cultural characteristics 7.__________are created and shared. It is not so much that individuals set out to create a culture when they interact in relationships, groups, organizations, or societies,but rather than that cultures are a natural by-product of social interaction.8._________In a sense, cultures are the “residue” of social communication.Without communication and communication media, it would be impossible tohave and pass along cultural characteristics from one place and time to 9.__________ another. One can say, furthermore, that culture is created, shaped, 10._________ transmitted, and learned through communication.2015年改错真题When?I?was?in?my?early?teens,?I?was?taken?to?a?spectacular?show?on?ice?by?the?mother?of?a?friend.?Looked?round?at?the?luxury?of?the 1. ________ rink,?my?friend’s?mother?remarked?on?the?“plush”?seats?we?had?been?given.?I?did?not?know?what?she?meant,?and?being?proud?of?my2.______ __??vocabulary,?I?tried?to?infer?its?meaning?from?the?context.?“Plush”?was?clearly?intended?as?a?complimentary,?a?positive?evaluation;?that3. ________?? much?I?could?tell?it?from?the?tone?of?voice?and?the?context.?So?I4.?______ __?started?to?use?the?word.?Yes,?I?replied,?they?certainly?are?plush,?and?so?are?the?ice?rink?and?the?costumes?of?the?skaters,?aren’t?they??My?friend’s?mother?was?very?polite?to?correct?me,?but?I?could?tell?from?her5. ________?? expression?that?I?had?not?got?the?word?quite?right.?Often?we?can?indeed?infer?from?the?context?what?a?word?roughly?means,?and?that?is?in?fact?the?way?which?we?usually?acquire?both6.?_______ _?new?words?and?new?meanings?for?familiar?words,?specially?in?our7.?________? own?first?language.?But?sometimes?we?need?to?ask,?as?I?should?have?asked?for?plush,?and?this?is?particularly?true?in?the 8.__ ______aspect?of?a?foreign?language.?If?you?are?continually?surrounded?by9________ speakers?of?the?language?you?are?learning,?you?can?ask?them?directly,??but?often?this?opportunity?does?not?exist?for?the?learner?of?English.?So?dictionaries?have?been?developed?to?mend?the?gap.10.?____ _____2014年改错真题There is widespread consensus among scholars that second languageacquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s toearly 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions1.__________ have?possessed?the?most?attention?of?researchers?in?this?area:? 2.__________◆Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language3.__________◆What is the explanation for the fact adults have 4.__________ more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?◆What motivates people to acquire additional languages?◆What is the role of the language teaching in the 5.___________acquisition of an additional language?◆What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all6.__________the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do 7.___________so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under8.___________ focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning9.___________or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers.? 10.___________2013年改错真题Psycho-linguistics?is?the?name?given?to?the?study?of?the?psychological?processes??invol ved?in?language.?Psycholinguistics?study?understanding,??production?and?remembering?language,?and?hence?are?concerned? 1.__________with ?listening,?reading,?speaking,?writing,?and?memory?for?language.?One?reason?why?we?take?the?language?for?granted?is?that?it?usually 2.__________ happens?so?effortlessly,?and?most?of?time,?so?accurately. 3.__________? Indeed,?when?you?listen?to?someone?to?speaking,?or?looking?at?this?page,??4.________ younormallycannothelpbutunderstandit.It?is?only?in?exceptional??circumstances?we?might??become?aware?of?5._________ the?complexity?involved:?if?we?are?searching?for?a?word?but?cannot?remember?it;??if?a?relative?or?colleague?has?had?a?stroke?which?has? 6._________ influenced??their?language;?if?we?observe?a?child?acquire?language;? 7._________if??we?try?to?learn?a?second?language?ourselves?as?an?adult;?or??if?we?are?visually?impaired?or?hearing-impaired?or?if?we?meet?anyone?else? 8._________ who?is.?As?we?shall?see,?all?these?examples of?what?might?be?called?“language?in?exceptional?circumstances”??reveal?a?great?deal?about?the processesevolvedinspeaking, listening,writingandreading.But 9.__________ given?that?language?processes??were?normally?so?automatic,?we?also? 10.__________ need?to?carry?out?careful?experiments?to?get?at?what?is?happening.??2012年改错真题The?central?problem?of?translating?has?always?been?whether?to?translate?literally?or?freely.?The?argument?has?been?going?since?at?least? 1.__________ the?first?century?B.C.?Up?to?the?beginning?of?the?19th?century,?many?writers?favored?certain?kind?of?“free”?translation:?t he?spirit,?not?the? 2.__________ letter;?the?sense?not?the?word;?the?message?rather?the?form;?the?matter? 3.__________ not?the?manner.?This?is?the?often?revolutionary?slogan?of?writers?who? 4.___________ wanted?the?truth?to?be?read?and?understood.?Then?in?the?turn?of? 5.___________19th?century,?when?the?study?of?cultural?anthropology?suggested?that?the?linguistic?barriers?were?insuperable?and?that?the?language?was? 6.__________ entirely?the?product?of?culture,?the?view?translation?was?impossible? 7.__________? gained?some?currency,?and?with?it?that,?if?was?attempted?at?all,?it?must? 8.__________ be?as literal?as?possible.?This?view?culminated?the?statement?of?the? 9._________? extreme?“literalists”?Walter?Benjamin?and?Vladimir?Nobokov.The?argument?was?theoretical:?the?purpose?of?the?translation,?the?nature?of?the?readership,?the?type?of?the?text,?was?not?discussed.?Too?often,?writer, translator?and?reader?were?implicitly?identified?with?each?other.?Now,?the?context?has?changed,?and?the?basic?problem?remains.? 10.?_________ 2011年改错真题From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, Iknew that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages 1._____________of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon thisidea, but I did so with the conscience that I was outraging my 2._____________true nature and that soon or later I should have to settle down 3._____________and write books.I was the child of three, but there was a gap offive years on either side, and I barely saw my father 4._____________before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhatlonely, and I soon developed disagreeing mannerisms which 5._____________made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. I had thelonely child's habit of making up stories and holdingconversations with imaginative persons, and I think from the 6._____________very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling 7._____________of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facilitywith words and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I 8._____________felt that this created a sort of private world which I could get 9._____________my own back for my failure in everyday life. Therefore, the 10.____________volume of serious — i.e. seriously intended —writing whichI produced all through my childhood and boyhood would notamount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poemat the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.2010年改错真题So?far?as?we?can?tell,?all?human?languages?are?equally??complete?and?perfect?as?instruments?of?communication:?that?is,??every?language?appears?to?be?well?equipped?as?any?other?to?say1____________ the?things?their?speakers?want?to?say.2____________There?may?or?may?not?be?appropriate?to?talk?about?primitive3_____________peo ples?or?cultures,?but?that?is?another?matter.?Certainly,?not?all??groups?of?people?are?equally?competent?in?nuclear?physics?or??psychology?or?the?cultivation?of?rice?.?Whereas?this?is?not?the4____________ fault?of?their?language.?The?Eskimos?,?it?is?said,?can?speak?about?snow?with?further?more?precision?and?subtlety?than?we?can?in5_____________ English,?but?this?is?not?because?the?Eskimo?language?(one?of?those??sometimes?miscalled?'primitive')?is?inherently?more?precise?and??subtle?than?English.?This?example?does?not?come?to?light?a?defect6____________ in?English,?a?show?of?unexpected?'primitiveness'.?The?position?is?simply?and?obviously?that?the?Eskimos?and?the?English?live?in?similar??7___________ environments.?The?English?language?will?be?just?as?rich?in?terms8____________ for?different?kinds?of?snow,?presumably,?if?the?environments?in?which? Englishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionasimportant.9___________ Similarly,?we?have?no?reason?to?doubt?that?the?Eskimo?language??could?be?as?precise?and?subtle?on?the?subject?of?motor?manufacture??or?cricket?if?these?topics?formed?the?part?of?the?Eskimos'?life.10____________ For obvious historical reasons, Englishmen in the nineteenth centurycould not talk about motorcars with the minute discriminationwhich is possible today: cars were not a part of their culture.But they had a host of terms for horse-drawn vehicleswhich send us, puzzled, to a historical dictionary when weare reading Scott or Dickens. How many of us could distinguishbetween a chaise, a landau, a victoria, a brougham, a coupe, a gig,a diligence, a whisky, a calash, a tilbury, a carriole, a phaeton, and a clarence?2009年改错真题The?previous?section?has?shown?how?quickly?a?rhyme?passes?from?one?school?child?to?the?next?and?illustrates?the?further?difference1.__________ betweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learntinearly?childhood,?is?not?usually?passed?on?again?when?the?little listener ?2.__________ has?grown?up,?and?has?children?of?their?own,?or?even?grandchild 3.___________ The?period?between?learning?a?nursery?rhyme?and?transmitting?it?may?be?something?from?twenty?to?seventy?years.With?the?playground?lore,? 4.__________ therefore,?a?rhyme?may?be?excitedly?passed on?within?the?very?hour?it?is?5._________ learnt;?and?in?the?general,?it?passes?between?children?of?the?same?age,?6.___________ or?nearly?so,?since?it?is?uncommon??for?the?difference?in?age?between?playmates?to?be?more?than?five?years.?If, therefore,?a?playground?rhyme?can?be?shown?to?have?been?currently?for?a?hundred?years,?or?even?just?7.___________ for?fifty,?it?follows?that?it?has?been?retransmitted?over?and?over;?very? 8.___________ possibly?it?has?passed?along?a?chain?of?two?or?three?hundred?young?hearers?and?tellers,?and?the?wonder?is?that?it?remains?live?after?so?much?9.__________ handling,?to?let?alone?that?it?bears?resemblance?to?the10.______ _____2008年改错真题The?desire?to?use?language?as?a?sign?of?national?identity?is?a?very?natural?one,?and?in?result?language?has?played?a?prominent1.__________ part?in?national?moves.?Men?have?often?felt?the?need?to?cultivate2.__________ a?given?language?to?show?that?they?are?distinctive?from?another3.__________ race?whose?hegemony?they?resent.?At?the?time?the?United?States??????? ?4.__________ split?off?from?Britain,?for?example,?there?were?proposals?that?independence?should?be?linguistically?accepted?by?the?use?of?a5.__________ different?language?from?those?of?Britain.?There?was?even?one?????????? ?6.__________ proposal?that?Americans?should?adopt?Hebrew.?Others?favoured?the?adoption?of?Greek,?though,?as?one?man?put?it,?things?would?certainly?be?simpler?for?Americans?if?they?stuck?on?to?English7.__________? andmadetheBritishlearnGreek.Attheend,aseveryone 8.__________ knows,thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactorysolution?of?carrying?with?the?same?language?as?before. 9.__________ Since?nearly?two?hundred?years?now,?they?have?shown?the?world 10.__________ that?political?independence?and?national?identity?can?be?complete?without?sacrificing?the?enormous?mutual?advantages?of?a?common?language.?2007年改错真题From?what?has?been?said,?it?must?be?clear?that?no?one?can??make?very?positive?statements?about?how?language?originated.??There?is?no?material?in?any?language?today?and?in?the?earliest 1.__________? records?of?ancient?languages?show?us?language?in?a?new?and ?2.__________ emergingstate.Itisoftensaid,ofcourse,thatthelanguage 3._________? originated?in?cries?of?anger,?fear,?pain?and?pleasure,?and?the 4.__________? necessary?evidence?is?entirely?lacking:?there?are?no?remotetribes,?no?ancient?records,?providing?evidence?of??a?language?with?a?large?proportion?of?such?cries ? 5.__________? than?we?find?in?English.?It?is?true?that?the?absenceof?such?evidence?does?not?disprove?the?theory,?but?in?other?grounds 6.___________ too?the?theory?is?not?very?attractive.??People?of?all?races?and?languages?make?rather?similar??noises?in?return?to?pain?or?pleasure.?The?fact?that7.___________?such?noises?are?similar?on?the?lips?of?Frenchmen??and?Malaysians?whose?languages?are?utterly?different,??serves?to?emphasize?on?the?fundamental?difference ?? 8.___________ betweenthesenoisesandlanguageproper.Wemaysay?that?the?cries?of?pain?or?chortles?of?amusement??are?largely?reflex?actions,?instinctive?to?large?extent, 9.____________? whereas?language?proper?does?not?consist?of?signs?but?of?these?that?have?to?be?learnt?and?that?are wholly?conventional. 10.___________ 2006年改错真题We?use?language?primarily?as?a?means?of?communication?with? otherhumanbeings.Eachofusshareswiththecommunityinwhichwe liveastoreofwordsandmeaningsaswellasagreeingconventionsas1.________ to?the?way?in?which?words?should?be?arranged?to?convey?a?particular2.________ message:?the?English?speaker?has?in?his?disposal?vocabulary?and?a3._________?setofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehis4._________ thoughts?and?feelings,?in?a?variety?of?styles,?to?the?other?English5._________ speakers.Hisvocabulary,inparticular,boththatwhichheusesactivelyand?that?which?he?recognises,?increases?in?size?as?he?grows?old?as?a?result?of?education?and?experience. ?6. _________But,?whether?the?language?store?is?relatively?small?or?large,?the?systemremains?no?more?than?a?psychological?reality?for?the?individual,?unless?he?has?a?means?of?expressing?it?in?terms?able?to?be?seen?by?another7._________??? member?of?his?linguistic?community;?he?has?to?give?the?system?a?concrete?transmission?form.?We?take?it?for?granted?the?two?most8.___________ common?forms?of?transmission-by?means?of?sounds?produced?by?our?vocal?organs?(speech)?or?by?visual?signs?(writing).?And?these?are 9.___________ among?most?striking?of?human?achievements.10.___________2005年改错真题The?University?as?BusinesA?number?of?colleges?and?universities?have?announced?steep?tuition?increases?for?next?year—much?steeper?than?the?current,?very?low?rate?of?inflation.?They?say?the?increases?are?needed?because?of?a?loss?in?value?of?university?endowments?heavily?investing?in?common?stock.?I?am?skeptical.?1._______A?business?firm?chooses?the?price?that?maximizes?its?net?revenues,?irrespective?fluctuations?in?income;?and?increasingly?the?outlook?of? 2._________ universities?in?the?United?States?is?indistinguishable?from?those?of? 3._________ business?firms.?The?rise?in?tuitions?may?reflect?the?fact?economic? 4._________ uncertainty increases?the?demand?for?education.?The?biggest?cost?of?being?in?the?school?is?foregoing?income?from?a?job?(this?is?primarily?a? 5._________ factor?in?graduate?and?professional-school?tuition);?the?poor?one's?job?prospects, the?more?sense?it?makes?to? 6.__________ reallocate?time?from?the?job?market?to?education,?in?order?to?make?oneself?more?marketable.??Thewayswhichuniversitiesmakethemselvesattractivetostudents7._________ include?soft?majors,?student?evaluations?of?teachers,?giving?students??a?governance?role,?and?eliminate?required?courses.?Sky-high?tuitions?8.____________ have?caused?universities?to?regard?their?students?as?customers.?Just?as?business?firms?sometimes?collude?to?shorten?the?rigors?of?competition,?9.___________ universities?collude?to?minimize?the?cost?to?them?of?the?athletes?whom?they?recruit?in?order?to?stimulate?alumni?donations,?so?the?best??athletes?now?often?bypass?higher?education?in?order?to?obtain?salaries?earlier?from?professional?teams.?And?until?they?were?stopped?by?the?antitrust?authorities,??the?Ivy?League?schools?colluded?to?limit?competition?for?the?best?students,?by?agreeing?not?to?award?scholarships?on?the?basis?of?merit?rather?than?purely?of?need—just?like?business?firms?agreeing?not?to?give?discounts?on?their?best?customer.? 10?___________One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S. Congressis the power to investigate. The power is usually delegtated tocommittees —either stading committees,special committees set for a specific purpose, 1.___________or joint committees consisted of members of both houses. 2.___________ Investigations are held to gather information on the need forFuture legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,to inquire into the qualification and performance of members andofficials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the 3.___________ groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committeesrely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings 4.___________and to make out detailed studies of issues. 5.____________ There are important corallaries to the investigative power.One is the power to publicize investigations and its results. 6.___________most committee hearings are open to public and are reported 7.___________widely in the mass media. Congressional investigationnevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakes 8.___________to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issuses.9.__________ Congressional committees also have the power to compeltestimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite fro contemptof Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjurythese who give false testimony. 10.__________2003年改错真题Demographic?indicators?show?that?Americans?in?the?postwarperiod?were?more?eager?than?ever?to?establish?families.?They?quicklybrought?down?the?age?at?marriage?for?both?men?and?women?and?broughtthe?birth?rate?to?a?twentieth?century?height?after?more?than?a?hundred1.________ years?of?a?steady?decline,?producing?the?“baby?boom.”?These?young2.________ adults?established?a?trend?of?early?marriage?and?relatively?largefamilies?that?went?for?more?than?two?decades?and?caused?a?major3.___________but temporaryreversaloflong-termdemographicpatterns.Fromthe?1940s?through?the?early?1960s,?Americans?married?at?a?high?rate4.__________and atayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts. ??5.__________? Less?noted?but?equally?more?significant,?the?men?and?women?who6._________???? formed?families?between?1940?and?1960?nevertheless?reduced?the7._________?? divorce?rate?after?a?postwar?peak;?their?marriages?remained?intact?toa?greater?extent?than?did?that?of?couples?who?married?in?earlier?as?well8.__________as?l ater?decades.?Since?the?United?States?maintained?its?dubious?????????? ?9.__________ distinction?of?having?the?highest?divorce?rate?in?the?world,?thetemporary?decline?in?divorce?did?not?occur?in?the?same?extent?in10.________ _Europe.?Contrary?to?fears?of?the?experts,?the?role?of?breadwinner?and homemaker?was?not?abandoned.There?are?great?impediments?to?the?general?use?of?a?standard?in?pronunciation??comparable?to?that?existing?in?spelling?(orthography).?One?is?the?fact that?pronunciation?is?learnt“naturally”?and?unconsciously,?and?orthography?is?learnt 1.____________ deliberately?and?consciously.?Large?numbers?of?us,?in?fact,?remain?throughout?our?lives?quite?unconscious?with?what? 2.____________our?speech?sounds?like?when?we?speak?out,?and?it?often? 3.____________ comes?as?a?shock?when?we?firstly?hear?a?recording?of?ourselves.? 4.____________It?is?not?a?voice?we?recognize?at?once,?whereas?our?own?handwriting?is?something?which?we?almost?always?know.?We?begin?the?“natural” 5.___________ learning?of?pronunciation?long?before?we?start?learning?to?read?or?write,?and?in?our?early?years?we?went?on?unconsciously?imitating?and? 6.___________ practicing?the?pronunciation?of?those?around?us?for?many?more?hours?per?every?day?than?we?ever?have?to?spend?learning?even?our?difficult? 7.__________ English?spelling.?This?is?“natural”?therefore,?that?our?speech-sounds? 8.__________ should?be?those?of?our?immediate?circle;?after?all,?as?we?have?seen,?speech?operates?as?a?means?of?holding?a?community?and? 9.__________ giving?a?sense?of “belonging”.?We?learn?quite?early?to?recognize?a?“stranger”, someone?who?speaks?with?an?accent?of?a?different? Community—perhaps?only?a?few?miles?far. 10.__________ 2001年改错真题During the early years of this century, wheat was seen as the verylifeblood of Western Canada. People on city streets watched the yieldsand the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if they were growers. 1.________The marketing of wheat became an increasing favorite topic of conversation.2.______ War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing thewestern crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grain sellingas carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat priceswere generally low in the autumn, so farmers could not wait for 3.____________markets to improve. It had happened too often that they sold their wheatsoon shortly after harvest when farm debts were coming due, 4.____________just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions,5.________ producer groups, asked firmer control, but the government had no wish to 6.________become involving, at least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened7.________to run wild.Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal 8.___________ government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal with deliveriesfrom the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchange trading was suspended,and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board. To handle with the crop of 9._________1919, the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board,with total authority to buy, sell, and set prices. 10.___________2000年改错真题The grammatical words which play so large a part in Englishgrammar are for the most part sharply and obviously differentfrom the lexical words. A rough and ready difference which mayseem the most obvious is that grammatical words have“ less 1.___________ meaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them 2.___________ “empty” words as opposed in the “full” words of vocabulary. 3.__________ But this is a rather misled way of expressing the distinction. 4.__________ Although a word like the is not the name of something as man is,it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a sharp 5.__________ difference in meaning between “man is vile and” “the man isvile”, yet the is the single vehicle of this diff erence in meaning. 6.___________ Moreover, grammatical words differ considerably amongthemselves as the amount of meaning they have, even in the 7.___________ lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been“little words”. But size is by no mean a good criterion for 8.___________ distinguishing the grammatical words of English, when weconsider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car. Apart 9.___________ from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what somepeople say: we certainly do create a great number of obscurity 10.__________ when we omit them. This is illustrated not only in the poetry ofRobert Browning but in the prose of telegrams and newspaper headlines.1999年改错真题The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric 1.____________ human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing 2.____________with animal foods. An analysis of 58 societies of modem hunter-gatherers,including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed that onehalf emphasize gathering plant foods, one-third concentrate onfishing and only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirdsand more of the hunter-gatherer’s calories come from plants. Detailed 3.__________ studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University ofLondon, showed that gathering is a more productive source of foodthan is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 4.___________ edible calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. 5.__________ Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung 6.___________ diet, and no one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, ifthey escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporaryaborigines live to old ages despite of the absence of medical care. 7.___________ They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dentaldecay, no high blood pressure, on heart disease, and their bloodcholesterol levels are very low( about half of the average 8.__________ American adult), if no one is suggesting what we return to 9.___________an aboriginal life style, we certainly could use their eating habitsas a model for healthier diet.1998年改错真题When a human infant is born into any community in any partof the world it has two things in common with any infant, provided 1.____________ neither of them have been damaged in any way either before 2.___________or during birth. Firstly, and most obviously, new born childrenare completely helpless. Apart from a powerful capacity to。

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3.三个要: • 左右都要看 • 字迹要工整 • 符号要标准
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师 5
3.评分标准：
1). 如果文章中未划出删除和增添记号，即使答案正确，仍不得分 2). 如果只标出错处和错误类型，但不知如何改正，得0.5分
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师
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二. 改错文章统计分析
• 1. 内容:人文类学术书籍或期刊杂志（历史政治语言教育）,特别是语言类为主 • 2. 篇幅: 最多283词, 最少182词 • 3. 结构: 总分结构 • 1）总:文章主题一般在首句 • 2）分:两条线索—对立和顺承 • 一句话，两条线
out of office 离职 come into office 就职 behind time 晚点 by day 白天 in secret 秘密地
in the office 在办公室
out of the office 从办公室出来 come into the office 来到办公室 behind the time 落伍 by the day 按日计算 in the secret 参与阴谋
take place 发生
out of question 没有问题
take the place 取代
out of the question 完全不可能
go to sea 出航
be at sea 在海上航行；茫然 by sea 乘船 on end 连续地
go to the sea 去海边
be at the sea 在海边 by the sea 在海边
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师 3
• • • • • •
一. 改错题的注意事项二. 改错文章统计分析三. 改错答案统计分析四. 解题步骤五.常见错误类型六. 复习建议
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师 4
一.注意事项:
1.三改: • 添词 ∧ • 减词 / • 改词
2.三不改: • 不改两词 • 不改词序 • 不改拼写
TEM-8
Proofreading & error correction
赵永刚（Gunther） E-mail: alexanderivzhao@ 微博（sina）：又见巴别塔
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师
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改错在试卷中的比重
序号 I 题号 (A1 ) – (A10) 1-10 题名听力 A讲座 B会话 C新闻阅读 10 5 5 20 10 10 1 1 题数 10 5 5 20 10 10 10 10 计分比重考试时间 10% 25 MINS 5% 5% 20% 30 MINS 10% 10 MINS 10% 15 MINS 10% 60 MINS 10%
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师 in the end
工作处所类
最后
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在一些搭配中用定冠词和不定冠词的意义区别
用不定冠词用定冠词 after a fashion 马马虎虎 after the fashion of 仿照
at a time 一次
at the time 那时
in a/one way 有点，在某种程度上
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师
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四. 解题步骤
• 1. 通读: 主旨结构---首句，两线
• 2. 细读: 修改---常见错误类型
• 3. 重读: 复查--• • • • 文意是否通畅修改方法和词类是否符合统计规律: 修改方法: 67-21-21 修改词类（ 5 ）: 冠代-形副-介连-动
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师
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• • 错误2：形容词与副词问题（混淆，级） • 错误3：时态语态语气问题（上下文时态不一，语态混淆，虚拟中动词用错） • 错误4：非谓语动词问题（尤其是V-ing与V-ed混淆） • 错误5：搭配错误（尤其是动词、名词短语搭配） • 错误6：易混词与反义词问题（同形词，近义词误用，根据上下文用了反义词） • 错误7：一致问题（人称和数错误，代词替代错误，可数不可数的修饰词混淆） • 错误8：定语问题 • 错误9：衔接错误（句际之间的逻辑关系连接词） • 错误10：赘述省略平行问题
代词
介词
1. 介词短语 2. 动词，形容词和名词形成的固定搭配错误
5 误用（因果，转折，让步，并列，选择连 13 赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师词的误用）
连词
常见错误类型: 从词类看-词汇词
词类---实词常见错误
动词
1.时态错误, 主谓不一致 2.现在分词和过去分词的混淆 3.动词短语中成分的缺失 4. 动词词义误用 1.比较级和原级的误用 1.副词的冗余 2.副词短语
in class 在上课
go to college 上大学 at desk 在读书；做作业
in the class 在这个班级
go to the college 因事去大学 at the desk 在课桌边
20
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师上学学习类
பைடு நூலகம்
在一些搭配中用冠词和不用冠词的意义区别
不用冠词表示抽象意义 at table 进餐 go to bed 睡觉 in bed 在睡觉 in hospital 生病住院用冠词表示具体含义 at the table 在餐桌旁 go to the bed 到床边 in the bed 卧在床上 in the hospital （因事）在医院里
形容词副词
名词
1.近义，多义名词的误用
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师
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• • • • •
十年考题没有改什么: 虚拟语气没有改(2010e) 分词做状语没有改情态助动词没有改倒装没有改
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师 15
冠词
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师
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出题思路
语法现象异于中文学习重点学习难点考查掌握与否的考点
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师
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2010-10：Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos‘ life. 2009-1：The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference between school lore and nursery lore . 2007-3: It is often said, of course, that the language originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, but the necessary evidence is entirely lacking.
in the way 挡路，妨碍
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师
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• 定冠词和表身体部位的名词： • 宾格人称代词+介词+定冠词+身体部位 • • • • He caught her by the hand. 他用手抓出了她的手。 They pulled her by the hair. 他们扯着她的头发。
II III IV V
11 - 30
31 - 40 人文知识 (B1)-(B10) 改错翻译 A汉译英 B英译汉
VI
合计
写作
1
20
20% 45 MINS
100% 185 MINS2
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师 40 + 23 100
考试测验不忘本
对能力的考查词法是基础---靠记忆，靠积累，靠语感语法是药方---概况，总结，举一反三是捷径语篇是语言的思维
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师 10
十大错误总会出现错误1：介词冠词问题（错误，多余，遗漏）
猜-有方向的猜
• 第一步：通读全文了解大意同时改正明显错误；
– 有的错误很明显，比如短语搭配on some occassions 不是 in some occassions
• 第二步：逐句分析个个击破没有把握暂时不做；
赵永刚英语专业考试、考研名师
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• • • • • • • •
不定冠词和“不可数名词”: 1. 很多不可数名词与a/an连用，表示一种或一类： This seems to be an excellent oil. A cheese I like is Camembert. 2.饮料类不可数名词与a, an 连用，表示一杯这种饮料 I’d like a beer, please. 3. 不可数名词意义改变，成为可数名词后和a/an连用 a glass， an iron，
the+可数名词单数/复数举例: the book(s) the apple(s)
the + 不可数名词 the water, the sugar
19
在一些搭配中用冠词和不用冠词的意义区别
不用冠词表示抽象意义 go to school 去上学 in school 在校念书用冠词表示具体含义 go to the school 因事去学校 in the school 因事在学校
– 没有把握的不要乱做，为最后整体把握做准备
• 第三步：整体把握平均用力
– 最后整体把握看看十大错误还有哪些没有用上，尽量从没有用过的错误角度考虑。

专八改错(2013)

专业八级54篇改错练习与答案解析

专八改错真题及答案

英语专业八级改错(终稿版)

最新历年专八改错(-)真题及答案

历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案

英语专业八级改错(终稿版)

历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案解析

1999—2013年专八真题改错(学生)

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