整理版连词和关系词2018

英语连接词高考常考点全攻略

1.and 和so的区别：so更强调前句和后句是因果关系,即由前句可以推知后句. 如：I'm

busy now, so I can't help you. 且它经常可以换写成含有becasue引导的原因状语从句的主从复合句. 即：I'm busy now, so I can't help you. = Because I'm busy now, I can't help you.

而and更多是强调前后间是并列/顺承的关系,并不含有明显的因果关系. 如：I'm busy now, and I am tired.（并列）即“忙并不一定就会导致累”,“我只是又忙又累”而已.

I went to the supermarket and bought some vegetables this morning.（顺承）

2.but 和while的区别：while强调的是两者同时发生，but意在强调后者

He is watching TV, while his wife s reading.

Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.蜂蜜很甜，但蜜蜂有刺蜇人。"but"表强烈的转折译为"

但是",在语气上是直接的,而while则译为"而",在语气上是婉转的

此处易错点：when，as，while之间的区别与联系

when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是持续的也可以是瞬时的；while和as引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是持续的。

I fell asleep when/as/while he was doing his exercises .

When he arrived in Shanghai ，his mother met him at the station .

While John was watching TV，his wife was cooking.（从句常用进行时）

She always sings as she walks .（一边，一边）

三、定语从句

引导词

关系代词：that，which，who，whom，whose，as

关系副词：when，where，why→在从句中充当状语。

定语从句三步：

第一找出先行词；

第二看引导词在定语从句中的语法功能（作主语、宾语、定语或状语）；

第三选择合适的关系词。

（一）1．修饰物时只用which不用that的情况。

（1）引导非限制性定语从句时。如：

Bamboo is hollow，which makes it light.

（2）当关系词前有介词时。如：

This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.

2．修饰人时只用who不用that的情况。

（1）先行词为one，ones，anyone，those指代人时。如：

The person I want to learn from is one who studies hard and works well.

I don't like those who look down upon others.

（2）当关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whom。如：

The person to whom this letter was addressed died three years ago.

（二）way在定语从句中作先行词的用法

当先行词为way，关系词在从句中作状语时，定语从句的引导词可用in which，that或省略引导词。但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语时，则用which或that引导。如：This is the way that/in_which/省略I do such things.

I don't like the way that/in_which/省略he looks at me.

This is the way that/which he has thought out.

（三）若先行词是表示时间、地点的名词时，不能草率地认为定语从句就一定用when 和where引导，而是需要弄清从句中缺少什么成分，然后再确定恰当的关系词。

This is the room where I lived last year.

This is the house that/which I bought last year.

This is the shop where I bought my bike.

This is the room that/which I lived in last year.

（四）定语从句与简单句等的区别。如果两个句子之间是分号，或有and，but，so等连接词，则这两个句子为两个并列句；如果两个句子之间是逗号，且没有上述的连接词，则这两个句子之间就是主从关系，须有一个引导词引导定语从句。尤其值得注意的是，逗号后面也许根本就不是一个句子，而只是一个同位语。

（1）Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment，which I will always treasure.

（2）They have more than 100 books；most of them are English.

（3）They have more than 100 books，most of which are English.

（3）They have more than 100 books，and most of them are English.

四、名词性从句

（一）引导词

1．that没有任何意义，不作任何句子成分，只起连接作用，故常可省略。