沃尔沃电缆标准—中英对照

制造规范
电缆
绝缘
特性要求和试验
编制原因
目前还没有与本标准等同的国际标准或国家标准。

本版本和第 6 版的区别如下：
- 删除了第 3.1 节的注释“供应商不能使用再生材料制造绝缘材料”。

- 第 3.2.1.1 节“截面积为0.35 平方毫米或0.5 平方毫米的50 米电缆颜色为红、蓝或白色”已经更改为“截面积为0.35 平方毫米和0.5 平方毫米的50 米电缆颜色为红、蓝或白色”。

- 第 3.2.1.1 节“每种截面规格的 1 米电缆”已经更改为“每种截面规格的10 米电缆”。

- 更改了第 5.1.1.3 节中AB Bandindustri 公司的电话和传真号码。

- 第6 节规定了强迫式通风。

- 增加了图2。

- 删除了第7.1.3 节中的绝缘层颜色表。

- 修订了第7.2.1 的要求。

- 全面修订了短路试验。

- 修订了表5。

- 删除了第7.5.6 节中的注释“本试验仅适用于截面积大于等于6 平方毫米的电缆”。

- 删除了第7.5.6.2 节0.45 毫米直径备用磨损针。

- 更换了TVAB 电话和传真号码。

- 明确指出了表6 规定的循环次数适用于每个单项试验。

- 循环次数适用于特定截面规格电缆的所有温度等
级。

- 修订了表7。

- 增加了水解试验。

- 增加了环境要求。

MANUFACTURING SPECIFICATIONS
Electric cables
Insulated
Property requirements and testing
Orientation
There is no international or national equivalent to this standard.
This issue differs from issue 6 in that:
- The note “T he supplier must not produce the insulation from regenerated material” in section 3.1 has been deleted
- In section 3.2.1.1 the text “50 m cable of cross-section area 0,35 mm2 or 0,5 mm2, colours red, blue or white” has been changed to “50 m cable of cross-sectional area 0,35 mm2and 0,5 mm2, colours red, blue or white”
- In section 3.2.1.1 the text “1 m cable of each cross-section area” has been changed to “10 m of each cross-sectional area”
- In section 5.1.1.3 AB Bandindustri’s telephone and fax numbers have been changed
- Forced ventilation has been defined in section 6
- Figure 2 has been added
- In section 7.1.3 the table of colours of insulation has been deleted
- In section 7.2.1 the requirement has been revised
- The short-circuit test has been totally revised,
- Table 5 has been revised,
- The note “This test is only applicable to cables with cross-section areas up to and including 6 mm2” in section 7.5.6 has been deleted
- In section 7.5.6.2 the alternative abrasion needle of a diameter of 0,45 mm has been deleted
- TVAB’s telephone and fax numbers have been changed
- It has been made clear that the number of cycles specified in table 6 apply to every single test
- The number of cycles applies to all temperature classes for a specific cross-sectional area
- Table 7 has been revised
- Hydrolysis test has been added
- Environmental requirements have been added.
目录Contents
1. Scope and field of application
1. 适用范围和领域
2. 定义
3. 通则
3.1 供应商责任
3.2 批准条件
3.3 试验条件
4. 发货条件
4.1 包装标志
4.2 存储
5. 标志
5.1 颜色编码
5.2 双涂色绝缘电缆
6 使用范围
7 要求
7.1 性能特点
7.1.1 导线特性
7.1.2 与密封系统的兼容性
7.1.3 电缆颜色
7.2 规格
7.2.1 绞线直径
7.2.2 电缆外径
7.2.3 绝缘厚度
7.3 机械特性
7.3.1 剥离特性
7.4 电气特性
7.4.1 击穿电压
7.4.2 导线电阻
7.4.2 短路试验
7.5 物理特性
7.5.1 柔软性（截面积大于等于3 平方毫米电缆）7.5.2 低温柔软性
（截面积大于等于10 平方毫米的电缆）
7.5.3 低温碰撞试验截面积大于10 平方毫米的电缆7.5.4 人为老化
7.5.5 高温压痕试验
7.5.6 耐磨性
7.5.7 耐化学性
7.5.8 燃烧条件下的性能
7.5.9 水解试验
7.6 环境要求
8 接收和确认步骤
试验规范
产中试验
9 允许缺陷
产中耐压试验
10 其他要求2. Definitions
3. General
Supplier's responsibility
Approval conditions
Test conditions
4. Delivery conditions
M arking of packages
S torage
5. Marking
Color codings
Electric cables with two-colored insulation
6. Range of use
7. Requirements
7.1 Property characteristics
7.1.1 Conductor characteristics
7.1.2 Compatibility with sealing systems
7.1.3 Cable colors
7.2 Dimensions
7.2.1 Strand diameter
7.2.2 Cable outside diameter
7.2.3 Insulation thickness
7.3 Mechanical properties
7.3.1 Stripping properties
7.4 Electrical properties
7.4.1 Breakdown voltage
7.4.2 Electrical resistance of conductors
7.4.3 Short-circuit test
7.5 Physical properties
7.5.1 Flexibility (electric cables £ 3 mm2
7.5.2 Flexibility at low temperature
(electric cables £ 10 mm2)
7.5.3 Impact test at low temperature (electric cables > 10 mm2)
7.5.4 Artificial ageing
7.5.5 Indentation test at high temperature
7.5.6 Abrasion resistance
7.5.7 Chemical resistance
7.5.8 Properties under fire conditions
7.5.9 Hydrolysis test
7.6 Environmental requirements
8. Acceptance and validation procedure
Test specifications
In-production test
9. Permissible defects
In-production voltage test
10. Other requirements
1 适用范围和领域
本标准规定了低张力绝缘电缆的性能要求和试验方1 Scope and field of application
This standard specifies property requirements and test
法，以便确保电缆工作正常。

该标准应适用于类型检查。

该标准适用于单导线电缆和多导线电缆中的单导线。

2 定义
电缆：带绝缘层的柔性导线。

导线：电缆中负责传输电流的部分。

导线可以是单股
绞线或多股绞线。

绝缘层：包围在导线外面的非导电材料。

3 通则
3.1 供应商责任
结合类型检查，供应商有责任识别电缆的材料成分以及各种化学特性，从而确定类型检查电缆的性能等级。

通过上述工作可以获得各种声明资料所需的参考数据。

根据本标准的要求，如果数据超过参考值的正常允许范围，则需要做进一步检查。

制造电缆所需的各种材料应满足本标准规定的各种要求。

电缆材料还应在最大工作温度到-40 °C之间满足工作要求。

3.2 批准条件
3.2.1 批准
绝缘电缆不应局限于初始样本试验。

methods for low-tension insulated electric cables in order to ensure their function.
The standard shall be applied at type inspection.
The standard is applicable to single-conductor cables and individual conductors in multi-conductor cables.
2 Definitions
Electric cable: A flexible conductor with insulation Conductor: Te part of the electric cable responsible for transmission of current. The conductor may
be single- or multi-stranded.
Insulation: Non-conducting material surrounding the conductor.
3 General
3.1 Supplier's responsibility
In connection with type inspection, material identification and determination of various chemical properties shall be carried out to establish the property level of type-inspected electric cables.
This is done to obtain reference values to be used in any claims. Deviations from these reference values exceeding normal tolerances shall lead to further inspection as per this standard.
The materials from which electric cables are produced shall meet the various requirements defined in this standard.
They must also fulfill their function at any temperature between -40 °C and the maximum working temperature.
3.2 Approval conditions
3.2.1 Approval
Insulated electric cables shall not be subjected to initial sample testing.
3.2.1.1 供应商应提交试验材料
产品只有达到如下标准，才能批准各系列截面规格的某种电缆：
1) 截面积为0.35 平方毫米和0.5 平方毫米的50
米电缆颜色为红、蓝或白色
2) 截面积为0.6 平方毫米或0.75 平方毫米的50
米电缆颜色应在1）项不使用的两种颜色中选取。

3) 截面积为1 平方毫米的50 米电缆不能使用1）、
2）中的颜色。

4) 截面积为2.5 平方毫米或3 平方毫米的50 米电
缆。

5) 每种截面规格的10 米电缆。

6) 每种推荐颜色的1 米电缆。

为了批准某种类型电缆的单截面规格，供应商应与沃尔沃集团的相关公司协商，根据上述内容和表 1 共同制定试验程序。

3.2.1.1 Test material to be submitted by the supplier For approval of a series of cross-sectional areas for a certain cable type, the following is required:
1) 50 m cable of cross-sectional area 0,35 mm2 and 0,5
mm2, colors red, blue or white
2) 50 m cable of cross-sectional area 0,6 mm2 or 0,75
mm2, color selected from the two not used for 1
3) 50 m cable of cross-sectional area 1 mm2, the colour
not used for 1 and 2
4) 50 m cable of cross-sectional area 2,5 mm2 or 3 mm2
5) 10 m cable of each cross-sectional area
6) 1 m cable of each color proposed.
For approval of single cross-sectional areas for a certain type of cable a test programme based on the above and table 1 shall be established in consultation with the concerned company within the Volvo Group.
表1 用于说明提交的样品应进行的各类子试验。

Table 1 is intended to clarify for what sub-tests the
submitted samples shall be used.
表 1
Table 1
3.2.1.2 文件 3.2.1.2 Documents
如果供应商向沃尔沃公司申请电缆类型批准，则应提交如下文件：
- 未批准电缆使用范围的说明。

- 根据STD 5034,2 制定的各种失效模式分析、效果和临界条件。

- 电缆束制造商的批准文件
- 供应商和材料制造商起草的各种质量合同
- 供应商认为对于显示产品满足质量要求的所有资料。

3.3 试验条件
如果各子试验没有特别规定，所有试验应在室温条件下(RT)进行(23 °C ± 5 °C)。

所有试验电缆应置于室温且相对湿度为45 - 75 %的环境中至少16 小时。

4 发货条件
4.1 包装标志
电缆线盘、包装和电缆筒应标有以下内容：
- 供应商名称或商标
- 绝缘电缆类型（相关名称请查阅STD 7613,01）
- 沃尔沃备件编号
- 电缆轴或电缆筒的容量（长度：米）
- 耐压试验时发现的缺陷数量（请参阅第9 节）
4.2 存储
电缆在运输和存储过程中不能直接暴露在阳光下。

自接收日期开始，电缆在原始包装中保存至少 2 个月，且可认定存储环境温度在-40 °C至+50 °C之间，则电缆性能必须依然满足本标准提出的各项要求。

电缆温度以及在电缆线束制造厂的温度应该在+15 °C 到+40 °C之间。

When applying to Volvo for type approval the supplier shall submit the following documents:
- A description of the range of use for the electric cable in question
- An analysis of various failure modes, their effects and criticality, made up in accordance with std 5034,2
- The cable harness manufacturer’s approval
- A list of the various quality contracts drawn up between the supplier and the materials manufacturers
- Any information which the supplier considers useful to demonstrate the suitability of his product in meeting the quality requirements.
3.3 Test conditions
All tests shall be conducted at room temperature (RT), (23 °C ± 5 °C), unless otherwise specified in the respective sub-test.
All electric cables shall be conditioned at room tem-perature for a minimum of 16 h and a relative humidity of 45 - 75 %.
4 Delivery conditions
4.1 Marking of packages
The following shall be indicated on the cable drums, packages and barrels:
- The supplier's name or trademark
- The type of insulated electric cable (for designations see std 7613,01)
- Volvo part number
- The contents of the spool or barrel (length in metres)
- The number of defects at voltage test (see section 9) 4.2 Storage
The electric cables must not be exposed to direct sunlight during transportation and storage.
The characteristics of the electric cables must still comply with the requirements stated in this standard after storage in their original package for a period of at least two months from the date of reception, in premises in which the temperature can vary between -40 °C and +50 °C.
The temperature of the electric cables and in the cable harness manufacturing factory shall be between +15 °C and +40 °C.
5. 标志 5 Marking
5.1 颜色代码
此处的颜色编码是指为中性绝缘层喷涂各种颜色，而不是将绝缘层从各种颜色的材料中挤压成型。

5.1.1 颜色编码试验
5.5.1.1 试验电缆段
试验电缆段长度应为100 毫米。

应从各种颜色的成型电缆中选取30 个试验电缆段。

应尽可能小心处理地试验电缆段，且不能用任何方法清洗试验电缆段。

5.1.1.2 试验条件
每个子试验应使用 3 个试验电缆段。

子试验一
试验电缆段应放在表 2 规定的超高温度的加热室内10 个小时，而且温度应根据相关等级变化（表2）。

完成老化操作后，试验电缆段应冷却到室温，然后再进行试验。

子试验二
根据表8 规定的持续时间和温度，将三个试验电缆段分别放在不同的液体中。

从液体中取出后，应摇动试验电缆段，清除大部分附着液体，且试验应在30 秒钟内结束。

子试验三
试验电缆段应储存在稳定温度为60 °C ±1 °C的水中24 小时，然后将试验电缆段上的水摇晃掉。

在进行试验之前，应将试验电缆段晾干，并冷却到室温 1 个小时。

子试验四
在未经处理的条件下，对试验电缆段进行试验。

根据第 5.1.1.4 节进行试验。

5.1.1.3 试验仪器
- 试验设备如图1
棉带(根据AB Bandindustri 公司1)的要求选择，带编号：47-13912，未漂白的棉纱编织带宽度大约为. 13 毫米）。

5.1 Colour coding
Colour coding is here taken to mean painting of neutral insulation in various colours instead of having the insulation extruded from materials of different colours. 5.1.1 Testing of colour coding
5.1.1.1 Test piece
The test piece length shall be 100 mm.
30 test pieces of each colour shall be taken from finished cable. The test pieces shall be handled as carefully as possible and must not be cleaned in any way.
5.1.1.2 Conditioning
Three test pieces shall be used for each sub-test.
Sub-test 1
The test pieces are placed in a heating cabinet at extra high temperature specified in table 2 for 10 h. The temperature varies depending on the class concerned (table 2). After completed ageing, the test pieces are cooled to RT before being tested.
Sub-test 2
Store the three test pieces in the respective fluid in accordance with the duration and temperature specified in table 8. The test pieces shall be shaken so that most of the fluid disappears. Testing shall then be carried out within 30 s.
Sub-test 3
The test pieces shall be stored in water with a constant temperature of 60 °C ± 1 °C for 24 h. The water shall then be removed from the test pieces by shaking. The test pieces are then left to dry and cool to RT for 1 h before being tested.
Sub-test 4
The test pieces are tested unconditioned.
Testing in accordance with section 5.1.1.4.
5.1.1.3 Apparatus
- Test equipment as per figure 1
- Cotton tape (designation as per AB Bandindustri 1) Band 47-13912 unbleached braided cotton tape approx. 13 mm wide)
接触点与棉带的接触弧段为135 度Arc of contact to cotton tape is 135o
图1
1）AB Bandindustri公司
29号信箱
SE-692 21 Kumla, 瑞典
电话：+46-19-581000
传真：+46-19-582671
电报：73561
5.1.1.4 试验步骤
试验应在室温条件下进行。

请参照图1，将合适长度的棉带固定在试验仪器上。

每次试验都应更换新的棉带。

在棉带的自由端系上一个重物，重物规格是74.4 克/毫米（电缆的最大允许外径）。

应提起棉带，并将试验电缆段放在图 1 所示的固定装置内，且将电缆标志置于棉带和试验电缆段之间的接触弧段中心。

1）AB Bandindustri
Box 29
SE-692 21 Kumla, Sweden
Telephone: +46-19-581000
Telefax: +46-19-582671
Telex: 73561
5.1.1.4 Procedure
The test shall be carried out at RT. A suitable length of the cotton tape is clamped in the apparatus, see figure 1.
A new length of the cotton tape shall be used for each test.
A weight, 74,4 g/mm of the cable’s maximum permis sible outside diameter, shall be attached to the free end of the cotton tape.
The cotton tape shall be lifted and the test piece placed in the holder as shown in figure 1 with the marking at the centre of the arc of contact between cotton tape and test piece.
轴销直径比滚轴孔直径小 1.5
试验电缆段
重力
棉带滚轴固定销
往复运动
试验电缆段的两端应固定，以免在试验过程中发生转动。

将棉带小心地放在试验电缆段上。

进行磨损试验时，试验电缆段应经过50 次循环（每次循环应包括一个完整的往复动作），动作频率大致为28个循环/分钟，行进距离大致为160 毫米。

未经处理的试验电缆段应经过50 次循环的磨损，然后用棉带的另一侧做另外50 次循环磨损动作。

要求：完成全部试验后，标志消失的电缆段的数量不能大于1个。

打标志的方法不能破坏绝缘的性能。

5.2 带双色绝缘层的电缆
请参阅STD 7611,13。

6 使用范围
符合本规范的绝缘电缆供车用低张力电气设备使用。

根据车辆的各种温度环境，共划分了 6 个等级。

用于制造绝缘层的材料必须确保在表 2 所列条件下，电缆有足够的绝缘性能。

The ends of the test piece shall be fixed so that it cannot rotate during the test. The tape is carefully placed on the test piece. The wear test shall be carried out on the conditioned test pieces during 50 cycles (each cycle consisting of a complete reciprocating motion), at a frequency of approx. 28 cycles/min; travel approx. 160 mm. The unconditioned test pieces shall be exposed to wear during 50 cycles and for another 50 cycles using the other side of the tape.
Requirement: The marking may be invisible on not more than one test piece after completed test. The method used for marking must not affect the properties of the insulation in a negative way.
5.2 Electric cables with two-coloured
insulation
See STD 7611,13.
6 Range of use
Insulated electric cables in accordance with this stan-dard are intended for low-tension electrical equipment in vehicles.
Six classes have been defined to respond to the various temperatures encountered on vehicles.
The materials used to produce the insulation must en-sure adequate insulation of the electric cables under conditions as per table 2.
正常温度和高温条件下的老化试验应使用强制通风烤箱。

强制通风是指烤箱应装有内置风扇，参阅图2,换气次数最低为每小时35 次。

Ageing at average temperatures and high temperature shall be conducted using forced ventilation ovens. Forced ventilation means that the oven shall be equipped with a fan inside, see fig 2. Minimum 35 air changes per hour.
图2
超高温条件下的老化应使用自通风烤箱。

试验电缆段的暴露时间应根据车辆使用寿命期间的总运行时间调整。

试验温度为烤箱温度，误差应参考时间和空间的变化。

7 要求
7.1 性能特性
7.1.1 导线
导线应用退火铜绞线制造（铜的最低含量为99.9%)
7.1.2 与封闭系统的兼容性
参阅STD 7611,13。

7.1.3 绝缘层颜色
参阅STD 7611,13。

7.2 规格
7.2.1 绞线直径
确定电缆最大和最小绞线直径时，应选取间隔至少为200 毫米的三组测量点，并记录每个测量点最大和最小直径。

要求：文件分别规定了各种电缆的每个测量点的直径。

STD 7611,1325 列出了电缆的注册号。

At extra high temperatures ageing shall be conducted using self-ventilated ovens.
The times of exposure correspond to accumulated operating time throughout the vehicle´s service life.
The temperatures are oven temperatures, and the tol-erances refer to variations in time and space.
7 Requirements
7.1 Property characteristics
7.1.1 Conductor
The conductor is formed by annealed copper strands (minimum copper content 99,9 %).
7.1.2 Compatibility with sealing systems
See STD 7611,13.
7.1.3 Colours of insulation
See STD 7611,13.
7.2 Dimensions
7.2.1 Strand diameter
The maximum and minimum strand diameter shall be determined by taking three sets of measurements at points separated by at least 200 mm and recording the greatest and smallest diameter at each point. Requirement: The diameter of each is specified in the documentation for the respective type of cable. A register of cables can be found in STD 7611,1325.
Oven 烤箱
Fan 风扇
7.2.2 电缆外径
确定电缆最大和最小外径时，应选取间隔至少为200 毫米的三组测量点，并记录每个测量点最大和最小直径。

测量仪器的精度：0.01 毫米
要求：任何测量值不能超过文件规定的各种电缆的最大外径。

STD 7611,1325 列出了电缆的注册号。

7.2.3 绝缘层厚度
7.2.3.1 试验电缆段
从电缆上剥离的三个试验绝缘段的间隔至少为 1 米，且为较薄绝缘层。

试验绝缘部分应用合适的工具（锋利的刀具、剃刀片等）沿与导线中心垂直的方向切割剥离出来。

操作过程中注意不要引起试验段变形。

7.2.3.2 试验仪器
试验可使用放大倍率最少为10 倍的测量显微镜或投影放大仪。

两种试验设备应可读取三位小数。

注意!如有疑问，则测量显微镜应作为参考方法。

7.2.3.3 试验步骤
将试验绝缘段放入测量设备时，光轴应与试验段的平面相垂直。

应测量每个试验绝缘段的最小绝缘层厚度。

测量读数（单位：毫米）应保留两位小数。

要求：绝缘层的最小厚度不能小于文件规定的各种电缆的数值。

7.3 机械特性
7.3.1 剥离特性
根据STD 7611,1315 进行试验。

要求：参阅表3。

7.2.2 Cable outside diameter
The maximum and minimum outside diameter of the cable shall be determined by taking three sets of measurements at points separated by at least 200 mm and recording the greatest and smallest diameter at each point.
Accuracy of measuring instrument: 0,01 mm Requirement: No values shall exceed the cable’s maximum outside diameter specified in the documentation for the respective type of cable. A register of cables can be found in STD 7611,1325.
7.2.3 Insulation thickness
7.2.3.1 Test piece
Three test pieces consisting of a thin slice of insulation separated by at least 1 m shall be stripped from the cable. The slices shall be cut with a suitable device (sharp knife, razor blade, etc.) perpendicularly to the conductor centre line. Care should be taken not to deform the test pieces.
7.2.3.2 Apparatus
A measuring microscope or a profile projector of at least 10 times magnification can be used. Both types of equipment shall allow a reading to three decimal places.
NOTE! In case of doubt, the measuring microscope shall be taken as the reference method.
7.2.3.3 Procedure
The test piece shall be placed in the measuring equipment with the section plane perpendicular to the optical axis.
Measurement shall be taken to determine the minimum insulation thickness of each test piece.
The readings shall be made in millimetres to two decimal places.
Requirement: The minimum insulation thickness shall not be less than what is indicated in the documentation for the respective type of cable.
7.3 Mechanical properties
7.3.1 Stripping properties
Testing as per STD 7611,1315. Requirements: See table 3.
图3
7.4 电气特性 7.4.1 击穿电压
7.4.1.1 试验电缆段
试验电缆段长度应为 1.2 米。

7.4.1.2 程序
将试验电缆段浸入室温条件下的盐水溶液 4 个小时，盐水浓度为3 % (m/m)。

电缆末端应高于液面大约 400 毫米（参阅图 4）。

之后，立即在盐水溶液和导线之间施加频率为 50 或 60 Hz 的1千伏（均方根），持续时间为 30 分钟。

要求：电缆不能发生击穿。

以 500 V/s 的速率升高电压，一直达到如下电压： - 3 千伏（均方根），适用于截面积小于 0.5 平方毫米的d 电缆
- 5 千伏（均方根），适用于截面积大于等于 0.5 平方毫米的电缆
要求：电缆不能发生击穿。

7.4 Electrical properties 7.4.1 Breakdown voltage
7.4.1.1 Test piece
The test piece length shall be approximately 1,2 m. 7.4.1.2 Procedure
Immerse the test pieces for 4 h in a salt solution (3 % (m/m) NaCl water) at RT. The cable ends shall be approx. 400 mm above the fluid level (see fig 4). Immediately thereafter apply a test voltage of 1 kV (r.m.s.) at a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz for 30 min between the conductor and the salt solution. Requirement: Breakdown shall not occur.
Increase the voltage at a rate of 500 V/s until the following value is reached: - 3 kV (r.m.s.) for cables < 0,5 mm 2 - 5 kV (r.m.s.) for cables ³ 0,5 mm 2. Requirement: Breakdown shall not occur.
图4
试验电压
电极
玻璃杯 盐溶液
7.4.2 导线的电阻
测量导体电阻时应使用长度最少为 1 米的试验电缆段，且应测量每个试验电缆段。

如有需要，可根据如下公式修正为20 °C 和1 千米长度的电缆电阻。

7.4.2 Electrical resistance of conductors The resistance of
each conductor shall be measured
from a test piece of cable of at least 1 m in length, and
the length of each test piece shall be measured.
If necessary, a correction to 20 °C and to a length of 1 km
shall be made in accordance with the formula: t=测量试验电缆段电阻时的温度（单位：°C）
R20= 20 °C 时的电阻（单位：欧姆/千米）
R t=长度为L 的电缆段在温度为t°C时的电阻
（单位：欧姆）
L=试验电缆段长度，应为电缆长度而不是单独的线芯
或导线的长度（单位：米）。

测量仪器的精度：测量值的± 0.5 %。

要求：导线电阻(R20)应符合各种电缆的规范要求。

最小
值不能低于该值的87％。

7.4.3 短路试验
试验时，应使试验绝缘电缆段通过一定的电流。

7.4.3.1 试验电缆段
将两段最小测量长度为1000 毫米的绝缘电缆绞在一
起。

螺距应为50 圈/米，且使用完全相同的两段电缆。

试验电缆段应固定在水平构架上，且每一侧应留出
800 毫米。

t= Temperature of test piece at the moment of
measurement, in °C
R20 = = Resistance at 20 °C, in Ω /km
Rt=Resistance of L at t, in ohms
L = Length of test piece (length of cable, and not
of the individual cores or conductors), in m
Accuracy of measuring instrument: ± 0,5 % of measured
value.
Requirement: The conductor resistance (R20) shall be in
accordance with the specification for the respective type
of cable. The min. value must not be less than 87 % of
this value.
7.4.3 Short-circuit test
This test consists of passing a current through one of the
insulated cables of the test piece.
7.4.3.1 Test piece
Two insulated electric cables, each measuring 1000 mm
minimum shall be twisted. The pitch shall be 50 turns/m.
The two insulated electric cables shall be identical.
This test piece shall be fixed onto a horizontal frame
where each side measures 800 mm.
7.4.3.2 试验步骤
为一段导体通入符合表 4 的电流。

7.4.3.2 Procedure
A current in accordance with table 4 is applied to one of the conductors.
试验结束后，请切断电流，并让试验组件自然冷却到环境温度。

在两段电缆之间施加 1 分钟的1000 伏电压，检查绝缘电缆没有短路。

要求：分离两段绞在一起的电缆时，电缆绝缘层不能发生破裂。

7.5 物理特性
7.5.1 柔软性（截面积大于等于3 平方毫米的电缆）7.5.1.1 试验电缆段
试验电缆段的长度大约为600 毫米，并完成六个试验电缆段的试验。

7.5.1.2 试验仪器
试验设备请参阅图纸9030100。

本图纸可从沃尔沃公司标准中定制。

7.5.1.3 试验步骤
应向电缆施加2 牛顿的外力。

然后，以50毫米/分钟的速度，将电缆从图 5 所示的设备中拉出。

At the end of the test, switch off the current and allow the assembly to return to ambient temperature.
Check that there is no short-circuit between the insulated electric cables by applying a voltage of 1000 V between the cables for a period of 1 min.
Requirement: It shall be possible to separate the insulated electric cables from each other without rupture in the insulation.
7.5 Physical properties
7.5.1 Flexibility (electric cables £ 3 MM2)
7.5.1.1 Test piece
The length of the test piece shall be approx. 600 mm. The test shall be carried out on six test pieces.
7.5.1.2 Apparatus
For test equipment: see drawing 9030100.
This drawing can be ordered from Volvo Corporate Standards.
7.5.1.3 Procedure
A force of 2 N shall be applied to the cable. The cable shall then be pulled through the apparatus in accordance with fig. 5 at a speed of 50 mm/min.
表5 /Table 5
图5
7.5.2 低温灵活性（截面积大于等于10 平方毫米的
电缆）
根据STD 7611,1316进行-40 °C试验。

试验过程中，绝缘层不能发生破碎或劣化。

完成弯曲试验后，应根据第7.4.1 节的要求对试验电缆段进行击穿电压试验。

要求：要达到第7.4.1 节的要求。

7.5.3 低温冲击试验（截面积大于10 平方毫米的电
缆)
7.5.3.1 试验电缆段
从电缆上截取三段 1.2 米的电缆段进行试验。

7.5.3.2 试验步骤
电缆冲击试验应使用图 6 所示设备在试验电缆段的中部进行，且重锤质量应符合如下要求：
- 截面积大于10 平方毫米而小于50 平方毫米的电缆使用300 克重锤。

- 截面积等于60平方毫米的电缆使用400 克重锤。

将试验设备放在一块厚度为40 毫米的泡沫橡胶上，同时将试验样品置于-15 °C ±2 °C 的冷冻室内16 个小时。

如果设备已经提前预冷，则冷冻时间可缩短为4 个小时，但是试验电缆段应达到规定温度。

冷冻结束后，请将试验电缆段与钢制底座平行放置。

然后，让重锤从100 毫米的高度落下。

实验后，应使试验电缆段恢复到室温，并再次试验。

7.5.3.3 试验结果评估
a）肉眼检查
试验结束后，应裸眼检查试验电缆段。

要求：绝缘层不能有破碎、裂痕或其他缺陷。

b）击穿电压
如果裸眼检查没有发现电缆受损，则应根据第7.4.1 的要求进行击穿电压试验。

7.5.2 Flexibility at low temperature (electric
cables £ 10 mm2)
Testing as per STD 7611,1316 at -40 °C.
During this test, no cracking or deterioration of the insulation is tolerated.
After the winding test, the breakdown voltage of the test piece shall be checked in accordance with section 7.4.1. Requirement: In accordance with section 7.4.1
7.5.3 Impact test at low temperature (electric
cables >10 mm2)
7.5.3.1 Test piece
Three test pieces, each measuring 1,2 m, shall be taken from the cable to be tested.
7.5.3.2 Procedure
The impact test shall be performed at the centre of the test piece using the equipment shown in fig. 6. The mass of the hammer shall be:
- 300g for cables10mm2<S<50mm2
- 400g for cables60mm2£S.
Place the test equipment, positioned on a cellular rubber pad of 40 mm thickness, together with the test sample in
a freezing chamber at a temperature of -15 °C ± 2 °C for
16 h. If the apparatus is precooled, a freezing time of 4 h is sufficient, providing that the test piece has attained the specified temperature. At the end of this period, place the test piece parallel to the steel base. The hammer is then allowed to fall from a height of 100 mm.
After the test, allow the test piece to attain RT and then examine it.
7.5.3.3 Evaluation of results
a) Visual examination
After completed test, the test pieces shall be ex-amined with the naked eye.
Requirement: The insulation shall show neither cracks, fractures nor other defects.
b) Breakdown voltage
If no deterioration is visible to the naked eye, a break-down voltage test shall be carried out in accordance with section 7.4.1.
钢制中间块，100g
圆边重锤
试验电缆段10 千克钢座
7.5.4 人工老化 7.5.4.1 试验电缆段
试验系列一（用于第 7.5.4.3 节）
试验分成三组，每组包括两段 600 毫米左右的试验电缆段，且电缆两端剥掉绝缘层。

剩余绝缘层长度应大于 500 毫米。

如果试验电缆的截面积为6 - 10 平方毫米，这试验电缆段长度应为 900 毫米，且应剥离两端绝缘层。

剩余绝缘层长度应大于 800 毫米。

试验系列二（用于第 7.5.4.4 节）
试验为一组，包括两个绝缘层长度为 100 ± 1 毫米的试验电缆段。

用锋利的剥线钳以正确的角度切入导线中线。

操作过程中注意不要破坏试验电缆段的末端。

7.5.4.2 老化 试验系列一
应在如下温度条件下进行三组电缆段老化试验： 第一组应在“正常温度”下放置表 2 规定的时间。

如果供应商和设计部门就每一组达成一致，则可以取消根据表 2 进行的 3000 小时正常温度老化试验。

第二组应在“高温环境下”放置表 2 规定的时间。

第三组应在超高温环境下放置表 2 规定的时间。

试验电缆段应水平悬置（参阅图 7）在不锈钢网上。

电缆绝缘层不能和钢网发生接触。

试验电缆段之间至少间隔 20 毫米，且距离烤箱内壁的距离最少为 20 毫米。

绝缘材料不同的电缆不能同时试验。

7.5.4 Artificial ageing 7.5.4.1 Test piece
Test series 1 (to be used for section 7.5.4.3)
Three groups each comprising two test pieces of
approximately 600 mm length with the insulation stripped
in both ends. The remaining insulation shall be > 500 mm.
If cables with a cross-sectional area of 6 - 10 mm 2 are tested the test piece length shall be approximately 900 mm with the insulation stripped in both ends. The remaining insulation shall be > 800 mm. Test series 2 (to be used for section 7.5.4.4)
One group of two test pieces with an insulation length of 100 ± 1 mm each.
Cut at right angles to the conductor centre line with a sharp wire stripper. Care shall be taken not to damage the test piece ends. 7.5.4.2 Ageing
Test series 1
The three groups of test pieces shall be submitted to ageing at the following temperature levels:
The first test group shall be exposed to the "average temp" for the time specified in table 2. If agreed, in each individual case, between the supplier and the responsible design department, ageing at average temp. for 3000 h in accordance with table 2 may be deleted. The second test group shall be exposed to the "high temp" for the time specified in table 2.
The third test group shall be exposed to the "extra high temp" for the time specified in table 2.
The test pieces shall be suspended horizontally (see fig. 7) on the stainless steel grid. Contact between the insulation and steel grid must be avoided. The test
pieces shall be at least 20 mm apart and they shall be at least 20 mm from the oven ’s interior walls. Cables with different insulation materials shall not be tested at the same time.
Conductor/导线 Support/支撑
图7。