状语从句(1)

Teaching Plan

Teaching contents：Adverbial Clause

Teaching aims：

1. Require the students to understand the Adverbial Clause

2. Grasp the usages of Adverbial Clause.

3. Read and recite the usages of Adverbial Clause.

4. Know how to do the exercises.

Teaching important points：Aim 1, Aim 2

Teaching difficult points ：Aim 3 & Aim 4

Teaching methods ：reading , explaining, doing, practicing

Teaching type ：New

高中状语从句讲义

状语从句的定义：

状语可有单个词类（如副词）、短语（如介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语等）或从句来表示，作状语的从句称作状语从句。

状语从句的特征：

1、具有副词的特征，往往用于修饰主句的谓动词，也可修饰形容词和副词以及形容

词性短语和副词性短语。

2、一般需从属连词引导才能与主句连接。

3、位置不固定：①放在句首时，常用逗号与主句隔开。

②放在句末时一般不用逗号。

③放在主句中间时，从句前后均用逗号隔开。

状语从句的分类及用法：

状语从句可分9类：时间、条件、地点、比较、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步

一、时间状语从句( Adverbial Clause of Time)

1、when

Eg. ：Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine.

When Mr. Wang comes into the classroom, the students are singing.（同时发生）

When we arrived home, my mother was cooking.

He went home when he had finished his homework. （动作先后发生）

When we arrived, the dinner had already began.

②be about to do …when …正要打算做某事时，某事发生

Eg. ：I was about to go to bed, when the phone rang.

I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door.

我正要出去，这时有人敲门。

③when (at or during the time that) 只表示一般的时间关系，它既可指时间的一点(a point of time)，也可指一段时间(a period of time)。用when时，从句的谓语动词能够在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生，能够和延续性动词连用，也能够和短暂性动词连用。

Eg. ：He raised his hat when he saw her.当他看见她的时候，频频举帽示敬。

Don’t forget to return this book for me, when you go to the library.

你去图书馆时，不要忘记替我还这本书。

Sorry，I was out when you called me．（call为短暂性动词）

对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。

When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。

2、while 的用法

while (during the time that) 只能指一段时间，而不能指时间的一点。用while时，从句的动作或者与主句的动作同时发生，或者主句的动作是在从句的动作的进展过程中发生的。所以，while 从句一般用的是正在实行时。所以，从句中的谓语必须是表示延续性动作或状态的动词。

Eg. ：While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。

While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.

正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。

While they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。

You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV.

你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。

Strike while the iron is hot．（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。

3 、as 的用法

(1) as 强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，着重指从句与主句的动作相伴随发生，只能和延续性动词连用。一般能够翻译成“边……边……”“一面……一面”，“随着……”。

Eg. ：The students took notes as they listened．学生们边听课边做笔记。

The little girls sang as they went．小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。

The students took notes as they listened．学生们边听课边做笔记。

As the time went on，the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。

As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer.

随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。