商务英语阅读王艳Chapter4解答

6. Why does the Japanese government decide to encourage more FDI in Japan?
Key: It’s not because Japan is short of capital. It is because the government recognizes that inviting in foreign firms is an indirect means of promoting reform, by exposing sleepy Japanese firms, particularly in the service sector, to a dose of competition.
Chapter 4: International Business Cooperation
Professional Terms
1. globalisation 全球化
2. FDI ： foreign direct investment（对外直接投资）
3. OECD：
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
4. While many people are acclaiming the benefits brought about by economic globalization, there are also loud voices of opposition, since different countries and peoples do not enjoy balanced benefits.
2. What factors contribute to Japan’s current zest for globalization?
Key: One reason is that the domestic market has matured and the population has started to shrink, Japanese firms must look abroad for growth opportunities. There are other reasons including seeking new market, eagerness to benefit from foreign ideas and to speed Hale Waihona Puke Baidunternal reform.
3. What are the obstacles for Japan’s globalization?
Key: Japanese firms also face a shortage of managers with international experience and the mindset and skills needed to operate globally. They would also have to content with rivals in America, Europe and new comers like China.
经济合作与发展组织，简称经合组织
4. Cross-holding 相互持股
Professional Terms
5. restructuring
企业重组
6. outsource
外包
7. core competency 核心竞争力
8. deregulation
放宽管制
9. private-equity
7. What do foreign firms need to do in order to succeed in Japan?
Key: Foreign firms need to understand the local market but must also carefully craft a strategy for the Japanese market.
7. But like it or not, it has become an objective trend in world economic development.
8. The best policy for us is to follow the trend closely, availing the opportunities it offers to develop ourselves and avoiding its possible impacts.
No country is an island
Introduction: Japan is reluctantly embracing globalization and is struggling in import penetration and inward FDI.
Pre-reading Questions
3. How can Japanese firms go global?(914)
The boldest is to try to achieve global scale through domestic and foreign acquisitions.
Other options for Japanese firms are to move into high-value specialist products; adopt a regional strategy, focusing on Asian markets; or form a global alliance with.
5. Why are Japanese companies cautious about outsourcing to China?
Key: Japan’s lack of enthusiasm for outsourcing to China is due to the concern over anti-Japanese sentiment and the desire to protect their intellectual property and to a relief that manufacturing remains a core Japanese competency.
globalization?
1. Why is Japan such an outlier? (1-8)
Regulations and remnants of post-WWII regulations restricted inward flows of goods and investments in order to protect domestic growth. Other industry—specific regulations, domestic crises and financial crises in the 1990s-2000s have been major factors.
Foreign investment and globalization are necessary steps if Japanese firms wish to survive in a highly competitive global environment.
Questions in detail
2. The basic feature is free flow of commodity, capital, technology, service, and information in the global context for optimized allocation.
3.Economic globalization is giving new impetus and providing opportunities to world economic development and meanwhile making the various economies more and more interdependent and interactive.
2. Why does Japan need to embrace globalization? (1-8)
The Japanese domestic markets are mature and growth opportunities are abroad. The inflow of foreign ideas can boost innovation and reform. And foreign entrants also spur and incite domestic internal reform.
1. Why is Japan such an outlier? 2. Why does Japan need to embrace globalization? 3. How can Japanese firms go global?
Paragraph 1-8
1. Why is Japan such an outlier? 2. Why does Japan need to embrace
8. What does Thierry Porte mean by saying that “foreigners have often been catalysts of change in Japanese history”?
4. What are the options for Japanese companies who intended to go global?
Key: There are several options for Japanese firms: to achieve global scale through domestic and foreign acquisitions, to move into high-value specialist products, to adopt a regional strategy focusing on Asian market, to form a global alliance with a foreign firm.
私募股权投资
10. Specialization To restrict someone’s economic activities to some certain fields 专门化
Economic globalization
1. The term “economic globalization” is now being used with increasing frequency in newspapers, magazines, seminars and international conferences.
1. Why isn’t Japan an export-oriented economy?
Key: Part of the reason is regulatory hangover from the post-war period. The Japanese firms have been so busy with the domestic crisis that they have forgotten to remain connected with the rest of the world.
5. Economic integration also makes them more vulnerable to the adverse events across the globe.
6. Maybe we can say few topics are as controversial as globalization.