动词的ing形式

动词的-ing形式用法讲解

Forgive me for my having been troubling you.原谅我打扰了你。

（2）动词的-ing形式的语态

动词的-ing形式有主动和被动两种形式，主动式通常表示它的逻辑主语是其动作的执行者；被动式通常表示逻辑主语是动作的承受者时。

①主动语态

Walking in the street yesterday afternoon, he came across Mr. Smith.昨天他在大街上散步时遇到了史密斯先生。

His often coming late made his boss very angry.他经常迟到使他的老板很恼火。

②被动语态

动词的-ing形式的被动语态分为一般式和完成式两种。一般式(being d one)表示一个被动动作正在进行，或与谓语动词的动作同时发生；完成式(having been done)表示一个被动动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

He has always insisted on his being called Dr. Turner instead of Mr. Turner.他坚持让人家叫他特纳博士而不是特纳先生。

Do you mind Jam’s being left alone at home? 让詹姆自己在家你介意吗？

While shopping, people sometimes can't help being persuaded into buying something they

don't really need.买东西时，人们有时情不自禁的被说服买一些他们确实不需要的东西。

I noticed the boy being beaten by his m other.我注意到那男孩挨他母亲的打。

Having been cheated many times, she now believes in nobody. 由于多次受骗，所以她现在对任何人都不信任。

③-动词的-ing形式主动式表被动含义

a. 在形容词worth之后的动名词，用主动形式表达被动含义。

---What do you think of the book? 你认为这本书怎么样？

---Oh, excel lent. It’s worth reading a second time. 奥，很好。值得再读一次。

The film is well worth reading.这部电影很值得看。

b. 在动词want, need, require后跟动名词的主动形式表达被动含义，当然这几个动词也可以跟不定式的被动形式去表达此意。二者无任何区别。

This sentence needs improving.= This sentence needs to be improved.这个句子需要改。

The room requires cleaning. =The room requires to be cleaned.房间需要打扫了。

My hair wants cutting. = My hair wants to be cut.我的头发需要理了。

巧记使用动词的-ing形式的主动和被动

一、作定语时，根据被修饰的名词是动词的-ing形式动作的执行者还是承受者来确定主动和被动，从而确定使用现在分词或过去分词。

1. Crusoe lit a fire and took from it a burning stick.

2. They seemed to be eating something cooked on the fire.

二、作状语时，则根据句子主语是动词的-ing形式动作的执行者还是承受者确定主动还是被动。

1. Holding his head high,he walked past the pole and the soldiers as if they didn't exist.

2. The teacher entered the classroom, followed by his students.

三、作表语时，也是根据主语是动词的-ing形式动作的执行者还是承受者来确定。

1. The story sounds moving.

2. I was deeply moved when I saw the film.

四、作宾语补足语时，根据该宾语是动词的-ing形式动作的执行者还是承受者来确定。1．在及物动词的复合宾语中：

①I saw her opening the door.

②I saw the door opened.

2．在动词have后的复合宾语中：

①The two men had their light burning all night long.

②I had my bike repaired yesterday.

3．在介词with后的复合宾语中:

①The picture only came out like a white circle with three black spots showing for a mouth and eyes.

②He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.

五、在独立主格结构中，应根据该主格名词或代词来确定。

1. Spring coming on,the trees turned green.

2.The signal given ,the bus started.

3、动词-ing形式的否定式

动词-ing形式的否定是在动名词前加not。

I'm sorry for not finishing my task on time.对不起没有准时完成任务。

---I must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time. 对不起没有提前通知你。

---That’s all right. 没关系。

Not knowing his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. 因为不知道比尔的电话号码，她和他联系遇到了困难。

4、动词-ing形式的复合结构

动词-ing形式的复合结构是由名词所有格或形容词性物主代词加动词-ing构成。名词所有格或形容词性物主代词是动名词的逻辑主语。

I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon. 你今天下午给我打电话我很感激。

Tom insisted on my coming to the party.汤姆坚持让我参加晚会。

What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.最让那个孩子担心的是不让他到医院看她妈妈。

We are looking forward to the doctor's coming to see her.我们都盼着医生来给她看病。

注意：在口语或非正式代体中，如果-ing形式的复合结构作宾语，可用名词的所有格或普通格，也可用代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；如果作主语，就只能用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。