机械专业英语1-2[81P][2.44MB]

机械工程专业英语的特点
2. 语法特点 (1)由于机械电子工程英语主要论及一些客观存在的事物，很少 论及人，因此被动语态用的特别多，比比皆是。例如： A mechanism has been defined as “a combination of rigid or resistant bodies so formed and connected that they move upon each other with definite relative motion.” 机构被定义为：“是由刚体或者有承载能力的物体联接而形成 的组合体，它们在运动时彼此之间应该有确定的相对运动”
简单性：单句、散句用的多 口语化：口语用得多，随意灵活
被动性：句子倾向于用被动
复杂性：复杂单句用得多，复合句用得多 书面化：长句用得多，书卷气浓
Course Content Conventional Machining Processes Nontraditional Machining Processes Tolerance and Fits Location and Fixtures Gear Transmission CNC Machining Centers Automatic Control Transducers
marine propeller
Words & expressions axially ['æksiəli] adv.轴向地 symmetrical [si'metrikəl] a. 对称的 cylindrical [si'lindrikl] a.圆柱形的 contoured ['kɔntuəd] a.显示轮廓的，与某种形体轮廓相吻合的
机械工程专业英语的特点
It is much better for design engineers to do a complete job of material analysis, selection, and specification at the development stage of design rather than to leave it to the production-design stage, where changes may be made by others, possibly less knowledgeable about all of the function aspects of the product. 译文：设计工程师最好能在这一阶段全部完成材料的分析、选 择和确定工作，而不是将其留到生产设计阶段，因为在生产设 计阶段材料的更换是由其他人员进行的，这些人对产品的所有 功能的了解可能不如设计工程师。
The course of
Special English for Mechanical Engineering
机电教研室：张 晓
1397922105
Goals of the Course
扩展学生在本专业方面的英语词汇量 熟悉本领域的专业术语
了解科技英语的表达特点及掌握专业英语翻译技巧
能阅读本专业的外文资料，并具备一定的写作能力
Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes
Can you give me a list of machining processes?
Turing Boring Milling Drilling Grinding Planning …
Leabharlann Baidu
车削、镗削、铣削、钻削、磨削、刨削…
机械工程专业英语的特点
1. 单词特点 (1) 专业性词汇较多，且词形复杂，记忆难度大。 chrome-moly steel — 铬钼钢 antifriction bearing— 滚动轴承 epicyclic gear— 行星齿轮 (2)有些单词虽词形与基础英语相同，但词义相差很大 pig-iron — 生铁 bearing — 轴承 （方向，生育，忍耐） bolt — 螺栓（闪电，闩） (3)专业合成词较多，且与各原单词的含义有一定的不同 slide-crank mechanism —曲柄滑块机构 detail drawing — 零件图 four-bar linkage —四连杆机构
机械工程专业英语的特点
1.专业英语词汇特点：专业术语多，合成新词多，前 后缀出现频率高，缩略词经常出现，非限定动词 （尤其是分词）使用频繁，词义单一。
2.专业英语语法特点：常用形式主语和形式宾语、名 词结构和被动语态使用频繁，复杂长句多，复合句 多，每句包含的信息量大。 3.专业英语的修辞特点：时态运用有限，修辞手法简 单，逻辑语法使用普遍。
Ordinary English
通俗化：常用词汇用得多
多义性：一词多义，使用范围广 人称化：人称丰富，形式多样 多时性：描述生活，时态多样
Scientific English
专业化：专业术语用得多
单义性：词义相对单一，因专业而不同 物称化：多用物称，以示客观 现时性：叙述事实多用现在时
主动性：句子倾向于用主动态
Ordinary English and Scientific English
• We made a hole in a cork and pushed it into a narrow glass tube. Then we pushed this into the neck of a bottle which we had filled with colored water. When we did this, some of the colored water went up into the tube. We marked the level of the colored water in the tube. Then we put the bottle into a pan of hot water.
• After a hole was made in a cork, a narrow glass tube was inserted and the cork was inserted into the neck of a bottle filled with colored water. On doing this, some of the colored water rose the tube. The level of the colored water in the tube was marked. Then the bottle was placed into a pan of hot water.
Note: • without any acute angle. • Screw should be operated smoothly; • Anneal area as showed; • Screw and nut should be do finish in black; • The hole and key trough should be lined on; • Do not do finish on the polish surfaces.
Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes
译文: 在金属切削加工操作中，车削是最常见的一种。在车削过程 中，工件绕其轴线回转，单刃车刀沿工件进给，切除掉多余的材 料，最后形成要求的圆柱形表面。车削可以加工外面和内表面以 形成具有轴对称的成形工件。从怀表的零件到大直径的船用螺旋 桨轴都可以在车床上加工。 除了车削，还有另外几种加工操作都可以在车床上进行。
Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes
5.2 Turning and Lathe Turning is one of the most common of metal cutting operations. In turning, a workpiece is rotated about its axis as single-point cutting tools are fed into it, shearing away excess material and creating the desired cylindrical surface. Turning can occur on both external and internal surfaces to produce an axially-symmetrical contoured part. Parts ranging from pocket watch components to large diameter marine propeller shafts can be turned on a lathe. Apart from turning, several other operations can also be performed on lathe.
Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes
5.1 译文 传统机械加工是一组利用单刃或者多刃刀具以切屑形式去除 材料的加工方式。金属切削意味着通过机械加工去除金属。传统 的机械加工都是利用不同的刀具在车床、钻床和铣床上进行的。 与成型加工、锻压和铸造工艺相比，大多数机械加工的生产准备 成本都较低，然而如果是大批量生产，其成本要高得多。当对零 件的尺寸公差和光洁度要求较高时，机械加工是很有必要的。
机械工程专业英语的特点
2. 语法特点 (2) 机电专业英语由于要表述较复杂的概念，因此句子结构具有 句子长、定语从句多、名词化结构多，非限定性谓语结构、倒 装、省略、分隔结构随处可见，常出现句子套句子的情况，给 阅读理解上带来了极大的困难。比如： It is much better for design engineers to do a complete job of material analysis, selection, and specification at the development stage of design rather than to leave it to the production-design stage, where changes may be made by others, possibly less knowledgeable about all of the function aspects of the product.
Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes
5.1 Introduction Conventional machining is the group of machining operations that use single- or multi-point tools to remove material in the form of chips. Metal cutting involves removing metal through machining operations. Machining traditionally takes place on lathes, drill presses, and milling machines with the use of various cutting tools. Most machining has very low set-up cost compared with forming, molding, and casting processes. However, machining is much more expensive for high volumes. Machining is necessary where tight tolerances on dimensions and finishes are required.