as 和which 引导定语从句的异同

as 和which 引导定语从句的区别

一、相同点：

两者引导非限制性定语从句时，可指代主句中的部分或整个句子的内容，在从句中做主语，宾语或表语，位于主句之后有时可互换。

The meeting was put off, as /which was exactly what we wanted.

He was a doctor, as/which I knew from his manner.

注：which 代表整个句子，还可用于in which case, at which point, on which occasion等。

I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone you.

我可能得晚点下班，那样我会给你打电话的。

The machine may be out of order, in which case it will be repaired at once.

Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight.

二、不同点：

1. 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词被the same, such ,as ,so修饰时，要用as代替who，whom，

which 或者that引导定语从句。

Such men as heard him were deeply moved.

听过他说话的人，都会深受感动。（as在定语从句中作heard的主语）

I've never heard such stories as he tells.

我从未听过像他讲的这样的故事。（as在定语从句中作tell的宾语）

He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift.

他搬起别人都搬不起的大石头。（as在定语从句中lift的宾语）

注意：

①在the same as结构中，as也可用that代替。但严格地说，the same as强调相同，the

same that注重同一。

She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.

她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的衣裙。（as指的是与先行词相似的同类事物）

She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary's wedding.

她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。（that指的是与先行词同一事物）

②定语从句such/as…as …与结果状语从句such/as… that…的区别：as在所引导的定

语从句中作主语，宾语；that在结果状语从句中不做成分

He has such a good laptop as I want to buy.

He has such a good laptop that I want to buy one.

He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift.

He is so young a boy that he can’t go to school.

2.which 引导的定语从句只能位于主句后，但as引导的从句可位于主句前、中、后。

As is known to all, China is a developing country.

He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.

John, as you know, is a famous writer.

Li Ming is late, as is often the case.

He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.

3. as有“正如……，正像……”的意思，而which则没有。常用的句型有：

as is often the case (这是常有的事)

as was expected (不出所料)

as often happens (正如经常发生的那样)

as has been said before (如上所述)

as is mentioned above (正如上面所提到的)

as everybody/we can see （正如大家/我们所看到的）

as is known to all=as we all know （众所周知）

4. as 引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事，但 which 不受此限制。（即as 引导的定语从句在意义上不是否定的。）

He married her, which was unexpected. 他和她结婚了，这是出乎意料的。(不可用as) He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.

1. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ____meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.

A. who

B. that

C. as

D. which

2. Jim passed the driving test, ____surprised everybody in the office.

A. which

B. that

C. this

D. it

3. The road conditions there turned out be very good, ____was more than we could expect.

A. it

B. what

C. which

D. that

4. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ____he studied very hard was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.

A. during which time

B. for which time

C. during whose time

D. by that time

5. The Science Museum, ______we visited during a recent trip t o Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. where

6. The Beatles, _____many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.

A. what

B. that

C. how

D. as

7.______I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.

A. When

B. After

C. As

D. Since

8.___is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A. Which

B. When

C. What

D. As

9. ____has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.

A. That

B. As

C. It

D. What

10. ____is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

DACAA DCDBB