高考语法复习：定语从句讲解及提升练习(有答案)

高中语法复习：定语从句讲解及提升练习

考点一关系副词引导的定语从句

1．关系代词的基本用法

在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。

I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造噪音。

2．that和which的用法区别

over the world want to learn about China.

《今日中国》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。

3．as和which的区别

正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相”。

考点二关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词的基本用法

将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。

Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.

学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。

Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?

你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？

考点三“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句

1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。

Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.

一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。

September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。

2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。

Scientists have advanced many theories why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.

科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。

Many young people，most of whom were well­educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。

3．在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。

The newly­built café，the walls of which (＝whose walls)are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。

【技法点拨】

在语法填空中：

1．首先找准先行词，分析句子结构，根据从句所缺的成分确定关系词的使用。

①如果缺少主、宾、表作定语，需用关系代词；如果缺少状语，则用关系副词。

①确定所缺成分之后，再看先行词是人还是物，是表示时间的名词还是表示地点的名词，是reason还是way等，从而最后确定答案。

2．若先行词指人，“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中关系代词用whom，若指物，则用which。牢记that与which, as与which的区别。

巩固提升：

一、单项选择

1．An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.

A．that B．where C．who D．what

2．Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _ _ you received gifts?

A．which B．them C．that D．whom

3．Wind power is an ancient source of energy _____ we may return in the near future.

A．to which B．by which C．from which D．on which

4．We went through a period ________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. A．which B．whose C．in which D．with which 5．Mozart's birthplace and the house he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.

A．where B．when

C．there D．which

6．Samuel survived when the car ________ he was a passenger in turned off the road and hit a tree.

A．where B．that

C．as D．why