2005考研英语命题预测试卷(九)及答案(2)

2005考研英语命题预测试卷(九)及答案（2）
Part B
Directions:
In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For
Questions 41—45,choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to
fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra
choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.
Even some ardent conservationists acknowledge that the diversity
of life on Earth cannot be fully sustained as human populations
expand use more resourcesnudge the climate and move weedlike pests
and predators from place to place.
Given that some losses are inevitable，the debate among many
experts has shifted to an uncomfortable subject—what level of loss
is acceptable. The discussion is taking place at both the local and
global levels.41)______________________________. And as global
biodiversity diminishes，is it a valid fallback strategy to bank
organisms and genes in zoos，DNA banks or the like，or does this
simply justify more habitat destruction？
42)_________________________________________. Some conservation
groups have strenuously avoided or even attacked such calculations
and strategies. They say there is no safe diminution of habitat as
long as human understanding of ecology is as sketchy as it is a
fallback strategy is unthinkable. Furthermore banking nature in a
deep freeze or database of gene sequences cannot capture context.
43)_____________________. On the other side of the debate those
considering what the smallest viable habitats are or how to expand
archives as an insurance policy say that recent trends have proved
that old conservation strategies are no longer sufficient.
44)_____________________________.
Twenty four years ago Dr. Thomas E. Lovejoy and other biologists
began a remarkable experiment on the fast eroding fringe of rain
forest near the Brazilian city of Manaus. They established 11 forest
tracts ranging from 2.5 to 250 acres each surrounded by an
isolating sea of pasture similar to what is advancing around most
other tropical forests. Among the many findings an analysis
published last week on birds in the lower layers of greenery found
that it would take a fragment measuring at least 2500 acres—10
times as large as the biggest one in the experiment—to prevent a
decline of 50 percent in those bird varieties in just 15 years or
so.
45)____________________________________________________________.
［A］For instance even if a vanished bird was someday reconstituted
from its genes would it warble with the same fluency as its
ancestors?
［B］“we’re better off trying to preserve the diversity of what we
have rather than trying to regenerate it in the future.”
［C］The San Diego Zoo has its parallel Frozen Zoo an archive of
thousands of DNA samples and cell lines from a host of species.
［D］Is nature on ice a sufficient substitute for the real thing?
［E］How small can a fragment of an ecosystem be and still function

in all its richness，and thus be considered preserved？
［F］In the understated language of science the new study in The
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences concludes“This is
unfortunate when one considers that for some species rich areas of
the planet a large proportion of remaining forest is in fragments
smaller than 2500 acres."
［G］A few decades ago the issue seemed fairly uncomplicated
identify biological"hot spots"or species of concern and establish as
many reserves as possible. But the picture has grown murky.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the
underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written
clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
46)To avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind is
prong, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will
keep you, not from all error, but from silly error.
If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the
observation yourself.47)Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of
thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by the simple device
of asking Mrs Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He
did not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know
when in fact you don’t is a fatal mistake, to which we are all
prone. I believe myself that hedgehogs eat black beetles, because I
have been told that they do; but if I were writing a book on the
habits of hedgehogs, I should not commit myself until I had seen one
enjoying this unappetizing diet. Aristotle, however, was less
cautious. Ancient and medieval authors knew all about unicorns and
salamanders; not one of them thought it necessary to avoid dogmatic
statements about them because he had never seen one of them.
Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of
experience. If, like most of mankind, you have occasional
convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can
make yourself aware of your own bias.48)If an opinion contrary to
your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are subconsciously
aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone
maintains that two and two are five, or that Iceland is on the
equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little
of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary
conviction. The most savage controversies are those about matters as
to which there is no good evidence either way. Persecution is used
in theology, not in arithmetic, because in arithmetic there is
knowledge, but in theology there is only opinion.49)So whenever you
find yourself getting angry about a difference of opinion, be on
your guard; you will probably find, on examination, that your belief
is going beyond what the evidence warrants.
A good way of riding yourself of certain kinds of dogmatism is to
become aware of opinions held in social circles different from your
own. When I was yo

ung, I lived much outside my own countryin
France, Germany, Italy, and the United States. I found this very
profitable in diminishing the intensity of insular prejudice.
For those who have enough psychological imagination, it is a good
plan to imagine an argument with a person having a different bias.
This has one advantage, and only one, as compared with actual
conversation with opponents; this one advantage is that the method
is not subject to the same limitations of time and space. Mahatma
Gandhi deplored railways and steamboats and machinery; he would have
liked to undo the whole of the industrial revolution. You may never
have an opportunity of actually meeting any one who holds this
opinion, because in Western countries most people take the
advantages of modern technique for granted. But if you want to make
sure that you are right in agreeing with the prevailing opinion, you
will find it a good plan to test the arguments that occur to you by
considering what Gandhi might have said in refutation of them.50)I
have sometimes been led actually to change my mind as a result of
this kind of imaginary dialogue, and, short of this, I have
frequently found myself growing less dogmatic and cocksure through
realizing the possible reasonableness of a hypothetical opponent.
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51.Directions:
Suppose you are a teacher who is going to give a lecture to
freshmen on how to enjoy university life. You need to write a note
before giving the lecture. The note should include:
1)arrange your time properly
2)keep harmony with roommates and classmates
3)take an active part in societies
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Part B
52.Directions:
study the following picture carefully and write an essay to
1)describe the picture
2)give your comments on the phenomenon
3)suggest countermeasures