飞机知识详解

Airspeed/altitude →pitot-static pressure system 全静压系统 Attitude/direction/turn →gyroscope 陀螺 Heading→ Magnetic compass 磁罗盘
自行车式
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Quadricycle 四点式
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The Aero-engine 航空发动机
Piston/ Reciprocating engine （活塞/往复式发动机） Turbine engine 涡轮发动机
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Airship
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Balloon
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Aircraft
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Glider
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Airplane Components
The Fuselage The Wing The Empennage The Landing Gear The Powerplant
Vertical stabilizer
wheels
engines propeller
Horizontal stabilizer
rudder
elevator Trim tabs
Flight controls(飞行操纵 飞行操纵) 飞行操纵
Flight controls primary secondary
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Rudder 方向舵
Vertical Stabilizer 垂直安定面
Trim Tabs 配平调整片
Horizontal Stabilizer 水平安定面
Elevator 升降舵
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The Landing Gear Layout
Monocoque & Semi-Monocoque designs Semi硬壳式和半硬壳式设计） （硬壳式和半硬壳式设计）
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Wing
Attached to each side of the fuselage and are the main lifting surfaces that support the airplane in flight. The airplane can be divided into different type by the number of the wings they have and the position of the wings fixed on their fuselage.
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The Four Forces of Flight
Lift
Thrust
wk.baidu.comDrag
Weight
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Text
Paragraph 1&2 1.What are the basic aircraft component? Fuselage; wings; empennage; wheels and engines 2.What forces can be provided by the propeller and the wing? Propeller provide thrust; wings provide lift 3. What are the components of the tail section? A horizontal stabilizer and a vertical stabilizer
elevator
aileron
rudder
flaps
Trim tabs
pitch
Bank/roll
yaw
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Paragraph 7-10 1. How many flight instruments are equipped on the panel in front of the pilot, what are they? 6; They are airspeed indicator (ASI), attitude indicator (AI), altimeter, vertical speed indicator (VSI), heading indicator (HI) and turn coordinator. 2. What are the components of the engine gauge? The tachometer, the oil pressure and oil temperature gauge and the cylinder head temperature gauge. 3. What does the other instruments refer to? Ammeter and suction gauge.
Tricycle 前三点式
Tail wheel 后三点式 Bicycle 自行车式
Quadricycle 四点式
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Tricycle
前三点式
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Tail wheel
后三点式
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Bicycle
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The types of fuselage
Open truss construction 开放式结构 Stressed skin（承力蒙皮结构）:Monocoque;Semiskin（承力蒙皮结构）:Monocoque;Semimonocoque
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Paragraph 3-6 1. What are main used in controlling an airplane? The flight controls and the throttle Develop Open Put it forward more power Throttle Reduce Close Put it back the power 2. What are components of the main controls? The elevator, ailerons, and the rudder 3. What does the other flight controls include? The wing flaps and the elevator trim tab
Driven by power: airship Lighter than air Not driven by power: Balloon
Aircraft
Driven by power: airplane Heavier than air Not driven by power: glider
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Unit 1 The Airplane
飞
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机
Aircraft and Airplane Aircraft: any machine or structure that can fly in
the air and is regarded as a vehicle or carrier.
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Airplane Components
Empennage Right wing
Fuselage Powerplant
Landing Gear
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Fuselage
It houses the cabin and cockpit which contains seats for the occupants and the controls for the airplane. Provide room for cargo and attachment points for the other major airplane components.
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Low-wing
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The Empennage
It is the tail section of the airplane. It's main purpose is to give the pitch and yaw control and the stability to the airplane. It can be divided into: Horizontal stabilizer Fixed part Vertical stabilizer Elevator Movable part Rudder Trim tab
Airplane: an engine-driven, fixed-wing aircraft
heavier then air that is supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of air against its wings.
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Altitude 高度 Attitude 姿态 Latitude 纬度 Manual 人工的 Automatic 自动的
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词义辨析
Obtain “获得” “找到”书面用语，比get正式。只靠 获得” 找到”书面用语， 正式。 获得 正式 人或自己的努力，经过相当多的时间得到所追求， 他 人或自己的努力，经过相当多的时间得到所追求， 渴望的东西 Eg: We can obtain knowledge through books. Get “得到” “取得”口语中最常用词，不管通过什 得到” 取得”口语中最常用词， 得到 么 方式弄到手都可用 Eg: Will you get me a ticket? Gain “赢得” “争取”指通过竞争或一定努力而取得 赢得” 争取” 赢得 Eg: I hope he’ll gain the victory this time.
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The Flight Instruments
ASI: Airspeed indicator AI : Attitude indicator Alt: Altimeter VSI: Vertical Speed Indicator HI : heading indicator TC: Turn coordinator 空速表 姿态仪 高度表 升降速度表 航向指示器 转弯协调仪
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Summary of the component of the airplane
airplane fuselage ailerons flaps spoilers slats
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wings
Empennage (Tail section)
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monoplane
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Biplane
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Triplane
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High-wing
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Mid-wing
New words
Accommodate: provide with lodgings; have room for 安排；容纳 Eg: The bank will accommodate you with a loan. Develop: grow or bring to a later,more elaborate; or more advanced stage 产生；发展 from 表示“由…发展而来” Develop into 表示“发展为”