莎士比亚作品中的种族主义(全英文版)

•Modernity of Shylock (In today’s world, racial discrimination still exists. Shylock is a victim of discrimination, but he is also a rebel. )
Othello
--Othello
Racial Discrimination
In Shakespeare’s works
Race
A central site of conflicts
Tension between white, Christian Europeans, and culture outsiders
The Merchant of Venice --Shylock
Some people say that Shakespeare created the role Shylock because: --he felt dissatisfied with oppression that the Jews were suffering from. --he was just aimed to entertain the public.
Shylock’s claim, but warns him, under pain of death, that he must fulfil the very letter of his bond, taking no more and no less than one pound of flesh, and spilling no drop of blood. The Jew has no choice but to give up. The young doctor of law who saves the life of Antonio is no
The End
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
•About Shylock’s dignity
（Shylock’s vengeance is because his personal dignity is seriously undermined. It is true that Antonio discriminates against him first. ）
Racial Discrimination in the Book
•At the time this play was written, money lending was a very common occupation among Jews.
(People see moneylenders as avaricious, blood-thirsty, and greedy. The casting of Shylock as a moneylender reflects an occupation among sixteenth century European Jews that was certainly common enough. )
The loneliness of Othello
Though well-known as a soldier and in high position, Othello has been a man apart, alone in Venice, because he is black. The Venetians seem to be treating him as one of themselves. But to have him marry one of their daughters is another question.
other than Portia in disguise.
Shylock: As the Oppressed, As an Avenger
he wants revenge on Antonio because not only does Antonio lend money without interest (thus making Shylock lose business), he also spits on Shylock, verbally and physically abuses him, and turns his friends against him and inflames his enemies towards him. Shylock also becomes obsessed with collecting his debt because of his grief: his only daughter, Jessica, has fled his house, taking his money and jewels, to elope with Antonio's friend Lorenzo and convert to Christianity.
Brief introduction
Othello - a Moorish general in the Venetian
army
Iago – Othello‘s trusted ensign(少尉) Desdemona -Othello's wife Cassio – Othello‘s lieutenant (中尉)
Brief Induction
• • • • Bassanio– a moneyless young Venetian Portia– a rich beauty of Belmonte Antonio– a merchant of Venice (the title character) Shylock– a Jewish usurer Shylock agrees to lend money to Bassanio on the credit of Antonio. Shylock sets the security as a pound of Antonio's flesh. When Antonio cannot pay the money, Shylock demands the pound of flesh. Then, a young doctor of law arrives. He admits the validity of
Shylock’s Speech
Hath not a Jew eyes? Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, passions; fed with the same food, hurt with the same weapons, subject to the same diseases, heal'd by the same means, warm'd and cool'd by the same winter and summer as a Christian is? If you prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh? If you poison us, do we not die? And if you wrong us, shall we not revenge? If we are like you in the rest, we will resemble you in that. If a Jew wrong a Christian, what is his humility? Revenge. If a Christian wrong a Jew, what should his sufferance be by Christian example? Why, revenge. The villainy you teach me, I will execute, and it shall go hard but I will better the instruction. (Act III, scene I)