直接引语变间接引语的五种方法

Chaper5直接引语变间接引语学案

班级________ 姓名________

1. 直接引语为陈述句时如何变为间接引语

方法是：将直接引语变为由that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后(that也可省略)：“I don’t love her.” he says. 他说：“我不爱她。”

→He says that he doesn’t love her. 他说他不爱她。

【注意】

(1)若引述动词用的是say to sb，则通常改为tell sb：

“It’s a secret.” he said to me. 他对我说：“这是秘密。”

→He told me that it was a secret. 他对我说那是秘密。

2. 直接引语为一般疑问句时如何变为间接引语

方法是：将直接引语变为由if或whether引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后：

“Are you ill?” he asked. 他问：“你病了吗？”

→He asked if [whether] I was ill. 他问我是否病了。

【注意】

(1)改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。

(2)若直接引语引述动词为say，改成间接引语应将其改为ask等。

3. 直接引语为特殊疑问句时如何变为间接引语

方法是：将直接引语变为由“疑问词”引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后：

He asked, “When did she leave?” 他问：“她什么时候离开的？”

→He asked when she had left. 他问她什么时候离开的。

【注意】

(1)改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。

(2)若直接引语引述动词为say，改成间接引语应将其改为ask等。

4. 直接引语为祈使句时如何变为间接引语

方法是：使用ask [tell, order] sb to do sth这一结构进行转换，若祈使句为否定式，则用ask [tell, order] sb not to do sth，其中ask, tell, order的选择视句子的语气而定：“Come early tomorrow, Jim.” he said. 他说：“吉姆，明天早点来。”

→He told Jim to come early the next day. 他叫吉姆第二天早点来。

“Don’t be late again, Mary.” he said. 他说：“玛丽，不要再迟到了。”

→He told Mary not to be late again. 他叫玛丽不要再迟到了。

【注意】

(1)除动词ask, tell, order外，有时也可能用其他动词：

“Don’t go out at night, Jim.” he said. 他说：“吉姆，晚上别出去。”

→He warned Jim not to go out at night. 他警告吉姆晚上不要出去。

(2)若祈使句中没有呼语，应根据句意给动词ask, tell, order等补上适当的宾语：

“Watch carefully.” he said. 他说：“仔细看着。”

→He told us to watch carefully. 他叫我们仔细看着。

时态的呼应：

1.主句用一般现在时，从句可以用任何一种时态。(可根据从句的具体情况决定)

I think he has finished his homework..

2. 主句用一般过去时，从句一定要用与过去相关的时态。

I asked him whether he had finished his homework.

3. 从句部分是客观真理，不管主句是是很么时态，从句用一般现在时。

The teacher told the students that the earth turns around the sun..

从句的语序：

无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句的语序都要用陈述句的语序，即，

连接词+主句+谓语+其他

Can you tell me who we have to see?

练习题：

1.Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _____?

A. where you buy it

B. where do you buy it

C. where you bought it

D. where did you buy it

( )2. ------Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ I can get to the Space Museum?

------Of course. You can take bus No.1.

A. where

B. how

C. if

D. why

( )3. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?

A. how did he mend

B. what did he mend

C. how he mended

D. what he mended

( )4. Do you know where _________ now?

A. he lives

B. does he live

C. he lived

D. did he live

( )5. Do you know what time _________?

A. the train leave

B. does the train leave

C. will the train leave

D. the train leaves