报刊标题

新闻标题的词汇特征 1. 简短词 2. 缩略词
1.简短词
英语新闻标题的显著特征就是对简短的词或者小词（midget words)的 频繁使用。一方面可以节省版面。另一方面，小词容易吸引读者的眼 球，引起读者的共鸣。例如： Project bridges digital divide （bridge ＝ to narrow the gap）这个标 题的含义是，通过开发让更多的农村孩子接触电脑这项工程，横亘在 农村孩子与城市孩子之间的教育差距会在很大程度上被缩小，桥这个 词可以让读者很容易的联想到这样的一个画面：一座桥连接农村与城 市之间，使农村孩子有机会接触到现代教育方式。 Titan eyes potential purchases expansion （eye ＝ watch with great interests）这则标题给我们提供了这样的信息：马来西亚石化公 司欲在亚洲进行更大规模的收购，标题中的eye使用的形象生动，读 者似乎能够看到该公司领导那一双善于发现并充满雄心壮志的眼睛。
Exercises
Ⅰ. 用英语新闻标题单词替换下列英语标题中划线词。 1. World watches Mid-East peace talks 2. China, Indonesia renew relations 3. Music during surgery may lessen patients’ pain 4. Government’s campaign to sell bonds 5. Premier praises rail workers 6. More smugglers captured 7. Peace agreement not yet insight to 8. College students promise support to Project Hope 9. Mayor orders fire investigation 10. President’s regular-guy language attracts both cheers, jeers
2.时态
（2）用动词不定式表示将来时态。 用动词不定式表示将来时态。 用动词不定式表示将来时态 其中系动词be通常省略,以节省标题词数。例如： China to be first to ‘escape crisis’ ( China (＝China is to be first to ‘escape crisis’) Capital’s volunteers to reach 2 million (＝ Capital’s volunteers will reach 2 million)
2.时态
动词表示一种动态,新闻标题在浓缩新闻内容时,如能恰到 好处地用上一个动词,就能增色不少,给人以形象生动、跃 然纸上的感觉。如Attack hits US Financial sector,too．远 比Attack in US Financial sector,too．具体而达意。 但由于新闻标题必须言简意赅,不可能采用英语的完整时 态形式来浓缩新闻事实。因此，标题中动词时态用法大大 简化。如：
Exercises
3. Parents pulling strings for college graduates
Get your foot in the door with guanxi
4. New policy may tighten taxer’s belts 5. Messy Guys Make Millions Selling Green Cleaning products
How two 27-year-old entrepreneurs made a fortune selling eco-friendly products.
6. Coke Co probe leads to multiple bribes 7. Growing disparity between rich and poor affects campus life 8. Mainland, Taiwan to bridge Straits with economic pact 9. Shanghai govt confirms trap in illegal cab crackdown 10. Proposed revisions of 44 Chinese characters spark controversy
(The New York Times, March 21,2003)
（2）疑问式标题 (question headline) 如：Oil price to rise? Murder on campus: cant it be averted? （3）引语式标题（quotation headline) 如: “We won’t quit”
新闻标题介绍 Headline
标题的作用 标题是新闻的“眼睛”。它是新闻内容的高度概括 寥寥数字就点出新闻中最具价值的内容，具有画 龙点睛的作用。 “题好文一半”(A good headline is half the story.) 提示新闻内容 评价新闻事实 吸引读者注意 美化版面形式
Fra Baidu bibliotek
标题的类型
2. 缩略词(Abbreviations and Acronyms)
（1）首字母缩略词，即利用词的第一个字母代表一个词组的缩
略词。例如： BBC（British Broadcasting Corporation） EU ( European Union) OPEC ( Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) （2）缩写词，即由剪裁和缩短形成的词汇。例如： President seeks int’l efforts to fight terrorism int’l＝ international A new Japanese govt, but China’s worries stay govt= government
2.时态
（4）现在分词直接表示正在进行的动作或正在发 ） 展的事态。 展的事态。 其中“be”通常省略。例如： Pupils recovering from milk poisoning (＝The pupils are recovering from milk poisoning) Sheer price cut not working well (＝Sheer price cut is not working well)
1.省略
(2) 其次是动词“to be”、介词、连词、助动词和代词的省 略，有时连实义词甚至主句也省略，但以不影响理解为前 提。例如： Air conditioning giant opens Beijing flagship store ＝ Air conditioning giant opens its Beijing flagship store First helicopter route to go into operation ＝ First helicopter route is to go into operation． Alaskan Oil for Japan? = Will There Be Alaskan Oil for Japan?
Ⅱ. Translate the following headlines into Chinese. 1. US government may elbow GM into bankrupcy 2. Bumper crop of food gardens across US
Michelle Obama among millions of first-time food gardeners
2.时态
（3）过去分词表示： ）过去分词表示：
A. 现在时态，如： New Solution Needed Fast B. 过去时态,如： Colombian Sent toU.S. for Drug Trial C. 正在进行时态,如： Shopping team headed for US D. 现在完成时态,如： Petrol Bomb Found outside Cardiff Conservative Club
新闻标题的语法特征 1. 省略 2. 时态
1. 省略
标题往往只标实义词而省略虚词。 (1) 冠词a和the 在标题中经常被省略。如: Heart of Forbidden City to have facelift ＝ The heart of the Forbidden City is going to have a facelift. Officials punished for pollution in famous lake ＝ The officials were punished for the pollution in the famous lake． “the” 几乎从未出现在标题中。但“a”有时会出现在标题 中。比如:A ton of ancient coin unearthed in Shaanxi.
短语标题（ 一. 短语标题（phrasal headline) 简短精悍，表达有力，多出现在杂志或一些软新闻报道中。 如：Media Reform (Beijing Review, Nov,27,2003) 二. 句式标题 由一句完整的句子组成。 （1）陈述式标题 （statement headline) 如： On War’s First Day, States Act to Reduce Threat of Terrorism
1.省略
(3) “and”常被逗号所取代，如： Hotel, restaurant asked to pay for background music = Hotel and restaurant asked to pay for background music (4) 动词to be有时被冒号取代， 如： Chinese cooks: masters at turning a turnip into a flower Chinese cooks (are) masters at turning a turnip into a flower (5) 动词say, said用冒号或引号代替，如： Buffett: US economy on the brink of upturn =Buffett (said)( that ) US economy on the brink of upturn
1. Students not credible enough for credit cards 2. Caution required when choosing your university
Students receive dubious ‘acceptance letters’
2.时态
（1）几乎都用一般现在时，即 “新闻现在时 ）几乎都用一般现在时， ”(journalistic present tense),与文学写作中的“历史现 在时”(historical present tense)实际上完全一样。从形式 上来增强报道的新鲜感(freshness)、现实感(reality)和直接 感(immediacy)。从而使读者感到是“新闻”而非“旧闻” 。动词一般现在时常可表示： A. 过去发生之事，如： Toxic mushroom kills 6 farmers (＝Toxic mushroom killed 6 farmers) B. 正在发生之事， 如： Schools ask Parents for Money Toward Books