大学英语语法主谓一致新x(1)

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英语语法之主谓一致

英语语法之主谓一致

英语语法之主谓一致英语语法之主谓一致(一)以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致1:以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称●疾病名称:arthritis〔关节炎〕,rickets〔软骨病〕等这类名词通常作单数用Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.●游戏名称:cards,darts等也通常作单数用Darts is essentially a free and easy game.2;以-ics结尾的学科名称,例如,physics,mathematics,mechanics等名词通常做单数用Physics is an important subject in middle schoo l.3;以-s结尾的地理名称,例如,the Unite States,the United Nations等名词作单数用注:但若不是国名,而是群岛,山脉,海峡,瀑布等,通常作复数用The West Indies ,apart from the Bahamas,are commonly divided into two parts.4:其他以-s结尾的名词●剪刀,裤子,眼镜等名词通常作复数用,但如果带有单位词,由单位词的单复数形式决定动词的单复数形式如:One pair of scissors is not enough.Two pairs of pliers, one large and one small ,are missing from my tool box.●英文中还有一些以-s结尾的名词,如:archives档案,arms武器,clothes, contents内容、目录,eaves屋檐,fireworks烟花,goods货物,minutes记录,morals道德,remains遗体,stairs楼梯,suburbs郊区,thanks, wages等通常作复数用如:The archives of this society are kept in the basement.〔但也有少数这类名词可以单复数同行,如:whereabouts行踪,dramatics舞台艺术〕●凡是-ings结尾的名词,如clippings剪下来的东西,diggings 掘出来的东西,earnings收入,filings 锉屑,lodgings租住的房间,surroundings, sweepings等通常作复数用如:The clippings of the hedges are usually burnt.●还有一些以-s结尾的单复数名词如:barracks营房,headquarters总部,means, series系列,species , workers工厂等,随后动词的单复数形式取决于这些名词是用作单数还是复数。

全新英语语法——主谓一致

全新英语语法——主谓一致

全新英语语法—主谓一致主谓一致指谓语动词必须在人称和数与句子的主语保持一致。

在一般现在时态当中,当主语是第三人称单数时,be要用is, have要用has,其他实义动词要在词尾加-s或-es,被称之为谓语的第三人称单数形式。

英语中的主谓一致主要有三个原则,即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

20-1语法一致语法一致指谓语动词必须与句子的主语在语法形式上保持一致,主语是单数,谓语动词也要用单数形式;主语是复数,谓语动词也用复数。

如:This movie is very interesting. 这部电影很有趣。

The desk over there is Li Lei's.那边的那张课桌是李雷的The dog is a useful animal.狗是一种有用的动物。

The teachers are having a meeting.老师们正在开会。

20-2意义一致意义一致是指谓语动词的数有时候取决于主语所表示的概念,而不是其表面形式。

如,The police are looking for the thief. 警察正在寻找那个小偷。

His family were watching TV when I got to his home.我到他家时,他家的人在看电视。

Our class are working hard to make ours a good class.我们班的同学都在努力学习以使我们班成为优秀班。

1. 形式上是单数,但意义为复数的名词(1)表示总称意义的名词people (人们,人民),police(警察),youth( 年轻人)作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:English people are fond of talking about weather.英国人喜欢谈论天气。

The police are already there keeping order.警察已经在那儿维持秩序了。

英语语法---主谓一致

英语语法---主谓一致

主谓一致所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。

主谓一致的三个原则:语法一致,就近一致,意义一致。

1.两个名词由and连接作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。

Both Jack and Tim are diving.但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。

The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.✧特别注意:用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包),knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Whisky and soda is always his favorite drink.威士忌酒加苏打水是他是喜爱的饮品。

2.集合名词如public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group等作主语时, 如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。

His family is a large one. ( 强调整体)The family are all music lovers. (指家庭成员) 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。

people指“民族”时是例外。

The police are searching for a thief.The cattle are eating grass on the hill.3.Everybody everything everyone somebody something someone anything anybody nobody nothing✧当这些词做主语时,谓语动词用单数,如Someone is asking for you.Nothing is found in the room.4.书名、时间、距离、价格、重量等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。

主谓一致英语语法详细讲解

主谓一致英语语法详细讲解

主谓一致英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。

主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结:一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1. 由and/both...and...连接的两个单数名词作主语时(两个冠词),谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。

例如:A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。

【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时(一个冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:①A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。

②The teacher and writer is her friend.这个既是是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。

2. 一个单数名词同时被and连接的两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。

【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。

3. 当each...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:①No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。

②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作。

大学英语语法主谓一致 (1)

大学英语语法主谓一致 (1)

个性化教学辅导教案学员姓名:任课教师:黄老师所授科目:__英语___4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。

如:Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.注意:①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。

如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ②若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。

如:None of us has (have) been to America.5、在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

如:He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。

这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。

如:Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。

如:The police are looking for the lost child.7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

主一致1.主一致是指英中在人称、数及意方面要与作主的名或代一致。

2.主一致分法一致、意一致、就近一致。

(1)法一致原:主和在法形式上保持一致。

主数,用数;主复数,用复数。

I often help him and he often helps me.(2)意一致原:主和在意上复数一致。

主数,用数;主复数,用复数。

The police are searching the woods for the murderer.(3)就近素来原:当主有两个或两个以上,由凑近它的主确定。

并列主的一致1.And(1)两个数名用and 接,表示不同样看法,用复数。

Tom and Jack are close friends.(2)两个数名用 and 接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个看法,或表示不可以切割的整体,用数。

The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.(3)被 every, each, many a, no 等限制的数名由 and 接,仍用数,其中,后一个限制可以省略。

every ⋯⋯ and ⋯⋯ every,each⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ each,no⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ no, many a⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ manya。

Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.(4)一个数名被几个用 and 接的并列形容修,可以指一件事或几件事,种名作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数。

(5)由 and 接的两个what 的从句作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数What he says and does do not agree.(言不衷心致)What he says and does does not concern me.2.由 either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor接的并列主,常和近的主一致。

参考资料大学英语语法-主谓一致 (1)

参考资料大学英语语法-主谓一致 (1)

• 2. 意义一致原则 (Notiona •
• 3. 就近原则(Principle of Proximity)
• •
I. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致
• • • • • • • • • • • • 1.以S结尾的表示疾病的名词作主语时谓语用单数 arthritis:关节炎 bronchitis :支气管炎 mumps:腮腺炎 diabetes:糖尿病 phlebitis:静脉炎 但是measles(麻疹),rickets(软骨病) 谓语可用单/ 复数 2.以S结尾的表示游戏名称的名词谓语常用单数 darts:投镖游戏 dominoes:多米诺骨牌 marbles:打弹子游戏 billiards:台球 但cards(打纸牌)用复数; 当它们表示所用工具时谓语用复数 Darts is often played in English pubs. Two darts are thrown at every turn.
• 练习: • 1.The jury ____in opinion about “sentence of death.” • A. disagrees B. disagree • C. agrees D. has disagreed • 2.Today the public ____about the way nature is being ruined. • A. are concerned B. is concerned • C. have been concerned D. is being concerned • 3.The committee can't come to a decision because ____at odds. • A. it has B. they have C. it is D. they are • 4.The majority _____on Ben's side, but Peter disagrees with them on two points. • A. were B. was C. is D. are

英语语法总结主谓一致

英语语法总结主谓一致

英语语法总结主谓一致英语语法总结主谓一致总结就是对一个时期的学习、工作或其完成情况进行一次全面系统的回顾和分析的书面材料,它可以有效锻炼我们的语言组织能力,让我们一起来学习写总结吧。

那么总结要注意有什么内容呢?下面是店铺整理的英语语法总结主谓一致,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。

英语语法总结主谓一致11.主语是he ,she, it, either, neither, each, anything, something, everything, nothing, someone, everyone, anyone, nobody, no one, 等代词时,谓语动词用单数。

Someone is asking for you. 有人在找你。

Everyone is here. 大家都来了。

Each of the boys has an apple.2. 表示总称意义的名词people, cattle, police做主语时,谓语动词用复数。

Cattle are farmer’s friends.The policeman is standing at the street corner. The police are searching for him.3. 主语是:时间,距离,价格等名词,即使是复数形式,谓语动词只用单数。

Three years passes quickly.Two meters is not long enough.4.主语是:clothes, glasses, trousers, shoes, socks, gloves 等名词时,谓语动词用复数。

The trousers are not expensive.Your socks are over there.5.主语是:family, class, team, group等名词时,如果是作为整体,谓语动词用单数;如果作为其中一个个的成员,谓语动词用复数。

英语主谓一致十大总结(一)

英语主谓一致十大总结(一)

前言在英语语法中,主谓一致是一个非常基础但又非常重要的知识点。

不管是在写作还是口语表达中,都需要正确使用主谓一致规则,以确保句子的表达清晰、准确。

下面将对英语主谓一致十大总结进行详细阐述。

一、基本规则主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

当主语是单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式;当主语是复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式。

二、特殊情况1. 连接词“and”连接的主语,谓语动词用复数形式。

2. 连接词“or”、“nor”连接的主语,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。

3. 当主语是“every”、“each”、“either”、“neither”等词时,谓语动词用单数形式。

4. 当主语是不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。

三、独立主格当主语是“there”时,谓语动词要与后面的真正主语保持一致。

四、定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致要与先行词保持一致。

五、数量词作主语当数量词作主语时,谓语动词取决于其后面的名词。

六、反身代词反身代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式要根据反身代词的人称和数来确定。

七、以复数形式结尾的词作主语以复数形式结尾的词作主语时,谓语动词使用复数形式。

八、主语是集体名词集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于说话者对集体名词的看法。

九、there is/there are结构“there is/there are”结构中的谓语动词要与后面的主语保持一致。

十、句子的倒装在倒装句中,谓语动词要与主语保持一致。

结尾通过以上总结,我们可以清晰地了解了英语主谓一致的基本规则和特殊情况。

在日常的写作和交流中,只有熟练掌握这些规则,才能在表达时避免语法错误,使我们的表达更加准确和通顺。

希望大家在学习英语的过程中多加注意主谓一致的使用,提高自己的语言表达能力。

2024新高考英语语法复习(主谓一致)

2024新高考英语语法复习(主谓一致)

易混易错点突破 1.被every、each、many a、no等限定的单个主语由and连接时,谓语动词 仍用单数形式。其中,后一个限定词可省略。 例句 Each boy and(each)girl has an apple. 每个男孩和每个女孩都有一个苹果。 2.两个单数名词由and连接表示同一个人、同一个物时,谓语动词用单 数。 例句 The scientist and professor has made a great contribution to the research. 这个科学家兼教授已经对这项研究作出了巨大的贡献。
用单数形式;可数名词复数作主语,谓语动词使用 珀西的汉语取得了很大进步。
复数形式
The Greens are very fond of working on the farm.
格林一家非常喜欢在农场工作。
表示时间、距离、长度、金额、重量等的复数 名词作主语时,常被看作整体,谓语动词用单数
Twenty years is a long time. 二十年是一段很长的时间。 A hundred miles is quite a long drive,isn't it?一百 英里是一段很长的车程,例句
I'd rather they didn't hear of the news.我宁愿他们没有听到这个 消息。
I'd rather I had not told him the bad news.我宁愿没有告诉过他 那个坏消息。
虚拟语气在“It is (high) time+that从句”中
他看上去好像是名艺术家。
从句谓语动词先于主句谓 had+过去分词 语动词发生
If only I had seen the film!=How I wish I had seen the film!我要是看过那部电影该多好啊! She speaks English so fluently as if she had stayed in America for a long time.她说英语如此流利, 好像她在美国待过很长时间。

主谓一致语法详解

主谓一致语法详解

英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。

主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。

主谓一致原则:1、语法上的一致所谓语法一致原则,即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。

谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数,谓语动词用复数;主语为单数或者是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。

China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。

We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。

使用语法一致的情况(1)当主语是and,both…and连接的并列结构如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,则谓语动词用复数。

My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。

Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。

注意:由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each,every,no修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。

Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。

No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。

(2)主语后面接说明主语的修饰语主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如:with,along with,together with,as well as,like,rather than,but,except,besides,including,in addition to,谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响,仍保持同主语一致的关系。

The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。

英语语法之主谓一致

英语语法之主谓一致

主谓一致1.在一般现在时中,若主语是单数第三人称,谓语动词则要加-s或-es, 具体变化同名词的单数变复数。

如:He goes to school at 8 every morning. 不说:He go….1)单数第三人称作主语的词包括:单数人称代词:he, she, it不定代词:each, everyone人名:John, Bill Gates等。

普通单数名词:my brother, English等。

2)单数动词的变化有:be—is; have—has; 其他动词在词尾加-s或-es, 具体变化同名词的单数变复数,work—works, study--studies。

若主语是单数第一、第二人称或复数,则谓语动词永原形,不需要加-s或-es.常见的这样的主语有:单数人称代词:I, you 复数人称代词:we, you, they 复数名词:students, books等。

2.在助动词或情态动词后面,直接接动词原型。

a. She can sing in English.b. He goes to school early. / He doesn’t go to school early.3.There be 句型的主谓一致。

研究下列句子:There is a book on the desk. There are two books on the desk.There be 句型是一倒装结构,因此谓语动词的单复数要与be动词后面的名词一致。

4.“数量词+名词”结构的主谓一致在上述数量词中,有些还可以接of 短语连用。

具体用法如下:5.单数形式的名词作主语与谓语动词形式的关系一般来说,单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,这个符合英语中的语法上一致原则。

但此种情况也有例外。

现在详细归纳如下:1)Many a +名词单数,虽为复数概念,但谓语用单数。

a.There is many an error that he has neglected.b.Many a man and (many a) woman has wished that he or she had had abetter education. (Many men and women have….)2)More than one+可数名词单数,是复数概念,但谓语用单数。

英语语法中的主谓一致

英语语法中的主谓一致
My best friend rather than anyone else has got the first prize in the speech contest.
3) many a…或 many a …and…作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
【例如】
Many a student doesn't like to do their homework.
Some of the rice ______ .
[a] has been spoiled [b]were spoiled
[c]have been spoiled [d ]are spoiled
8)事件、公司机构、国名、书名、剧名、报刊名的复名词等专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。带有复数词尾的学科名称等在意义是表示单数概念,用单数动词。
What we badly need here are qualified teachers.
2)当主语是单数,后面跟着由as well as, no less than ,rather than, more than, but, except, including,besides,with, together with, along with, like, in addition to, instead of ,plus, combined with, accompanied by, as much as,等连接的短语时,谓语动词用单数。
My family are well.
3)邻近原则
Principle of proximity,即指谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。
关系从句中的谓语动词
1.在“one of +名词(复数)+关系从句”中的单复数, 关系从句中的谓语动词常采用复数形式。通常依照语法一致原则

英语语法-----主谓一致

英语语法-----主谓一致

• All the furniture is made of wood. • Some equipment is still at the
experimental stage.
需要记住的: furniture(家具)、equipment(设备)、 merchandise(商品),baggage(行李)、
more time to be
其他形式主谓一致
2. 分数/百分数+of+名词/代词作主语时,谓语的数应与of后面的名词或代词的数保持一致
• Two thirds of food has been sent to that area. • Ten percent of top universities have received subsidies.
并列主语主谓一致
3. and连接并列的单数名词作主语且单数名词被each,every, no等定语修饰时,谓语动词用单数
• Each book and magazine has to be returned on time. • Every door and window in this house has to be repaired.
• Many a student likes to take Professor Smith’s class.
• His advice has been adopted in
the meeting.
4. more than one +名词单数作主语,谓语用单数 2. 集体名词为不可数名词,作主语时,谓语用单数
主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非只取决于语法上的单复数形式,还取决于主语的单复 数意义。有时主语在语法形式上并非复数,但含有复数意义,其后的谓语动词应用复 数形式;反之,主语在语法形式上是复数,而在意义上是单数,其后的谓语动词应用 单数形式。这种一致关系叫作"概念/意义一致原则"。

英语专业四级语法之主谓一致

英语专业四级语法之主谓一致
the amount of+不可数名词the majority of+可数名词复数a great many +可数名词复数many a+可数名词单数more tha n one +可数名词单数one and a half■可数名词复数each /every■可数名词单数neither/either of+可数名词复数the greater part of a large proporti on of50%of/one third of/ple nty of/the rest of
动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句作主语,谓语用单数。女口:
To un dersta nd the situati on completely requires more thought tha n has bee n give n thus far.要全面地了解局势,需要比现在更深入的思考。
当用half of, part of, most of, a portion of等词构成的主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词、代词保持一致。女口:
同样,在某些成语里,由and连接的两个成分指同一件事,同一个概 念,这时谓语也常用单数。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早起早睡使人健康,富有和智慧。
Trial and error is the source of our kno wledge.
Neither of us has gone through regular training.
我们两人都没受过正规训练。
(2)由限定词either,neither,each, every等修饰名词时,用单数形式。

第十一讲 英语语法主谓一致1

第十一讲  英语语法主谓一致1

2. One or perhaps more pages _____ missing. A. is ● are B. C. has been D. have been
由 or 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与靠近它的 主语一致。
3.An expert, together with some assistants, ____ to help in this work. A. ● was sent B. were sent C. is sending D. are sending 由 with,together with,along with,rather than,no less than ,but, besides,except等连接两个名词或代词作主语 时,谓语动词应与前一个相一致。
of+复数名词作主语时,谓语用复数。
6. To get up early and to go to sleep early ____ good for your health. A. B. are C. was D. were ● is
考点:
• One of+复数名词+who / that / which引导的关系从句,关 系代词所指代的先行词是靠近关系代词的复数名词而不是 one,因此从句的谓语要用复数。 • e.g. Pat was one of the few people who have trouble in sleeping well. • 但如果one前面有the only 修饰时,定语从句谓语动词用 单数。 • e.g. She is the only one of her family who has trouble in sleeping well.
?谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?

英语语法主谓一致

英语语法主谓一致

英语语法主谓一致第一讲主谓一致“一致”(Concord 或Agreement)是指句子成分之间词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。

主要有主语与动词的一致,主语与补语的一致,限定词与名词中心词的一致,人称代词与并列和非并列先行词的一致,名词与名词或代词的一致。

“主谓一致”是指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系,这又叫做“主——动一致”(Subject——verb Concord)。

1. 主谓一致三原则主语和随后的动词(词组),即谓语动词之间的一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配,即语法一致原则(Grammar Concord),意义一致原则(Notional Concord)和就近原则(Principle of Proximity)。

1.1 语法一致指作主语的名词中心词是复数,动词就用复数形式;如果名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词,动词就用单数形式。

例如:Both boys have their own merits.In my heart are peace and goodwill.The elevator works very well.Much effort is wasted.1.2 意义∕概念一直指主语和动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式,而是取决于主语的单、复数意义。

有时主语在语法形式上并非复数,但有复数意义,随后的动词就用复数;主语在语法形式上是复数,而在意义上可视为单数,随后的动词用单数。

例如:The jury has asked more time.The jury are unable to agree.Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test.“ Senior citizens” means people over sixty.1.3 就近原则指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语的单、复数形式,而不是与充当主语的名词短语中心词相一致。

主谓一致语法一致原则

主谓一致语法一致原则

主谓一致语法一致原则在英语语法中,主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。

这是一条基本的语法规则,也是英语句子正确表达的重要要素之一。

主谓一致语法一致原则在写作中起到了重要的作用,使句子更加清晰、准确、易于理解。

主谓一致语法一致原则可以应用于不同的句子结构和各种时态。

在下面的几个例子中,我们将详细介绍这一原则的应用。

1. 一般现在时在一般现在时中,主谓一致的原则是:单数主语使用单数谓语动词,复数主语使用复数谓语动词。

例如:- The cat sleeps on the sofa. (猫在沙发上睡觉。

)- The students study hard for the exam. (学生们为了考试努力学习。

)2. 现在进行时在现在进行时中,主谓一致的原则是:单数主语使用单数谓语动词+ing形式,复数主语使用复数谓语动词+ing形式。

例如:- She is watching TV. (她正在看电视。

)- They are playing basketball. (他们正在打篮球。

)3. 一般过去时在一般过去时中,主谓一致的原则是:不论主语是单数还是复数,谓语动词都使用过去式。

例如:- He visited his grandparents last week. (他上周去看望了他的祖父母。

)- They played soccer in the park yesterday. (他们昨天在公园里踢足球。

)4. 过去进行时在过去进行时中,主谓一致的原则是:不论主语是单数还是复数,谓语动词都使用过去式+ing形式。

例如:- She was reading a book when I called her. (我给她打电话的时候她正在读书。

)- They were having dinner when the power went out. (停电的时候他们正在吃晚饭。

)5. 将来时在将来时中,主谓一致的原则是:不论主语是单数还是复数,谓语动词都使用将来时态的形式。

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指导原则
1.语法一致原则(Grammatical
Concord)



主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。 The number of errors was surprising. Jane and Mary look alike. 1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词为复数。 The crowd were running for their lives.
2.

意义一致原则 (Notional Concord)
指导原则

单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, police, cattle, militia 等。 2) 主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。 The news was very exciting. 形复意单的单词有news, works (工厂)和一些以ics结尾的 学科名称,physics, economics等。 谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词 or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…, but also等连接的并列 主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它 的主语一致。 Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.

I. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致
darts:投镖游戏dominoes:多米诺骨牌 marbles:打弹子游戏 billiards:台球 但cards(打纸牌)用复数; 当它们表示所用工具时谓语用复数 Darts is often played in English pubs. Two darts are thrown at every turn.

8.以S结尾的单,复数同形的名词,
谓语动词形式取决于这些名词是用 作单数还是用作复数;意义不同, 单/复数也不同

barracks:营房 headquarters:总部 means:方法,手段,工具 series:系列 species:种类 works:工厂 crossroads:十字路口 This glass works was set up in 2008.
大学英语语法 主谓一致
主谓一致 Subject-verb Concord

“一致”(concord或agreement)指句子成 分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关 系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在 “人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系, 这 又叫做“主-动一致”( Subject-verb Concord )。





注:whereabouts(行踪,下落), dramatics(舞台艺术)可用单/复数
7.凡是由-ings结尾的名词常用作复数 clippings:剪下来的东西 filings:锉屑 earnings:收入 diggings:掘出的东 西 lodgings:租的房间 surroundings:环境 sweepings:扫拢的垃圾 注:tidings( 消息,音信)可用作单或复数
3.

就近原则(Principle of Proximity)

I. 以S结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致
1.以S结尾的表示疾病的名词作主语时谓 语用单数 arthritis:关节炎 bronchitis :支气管炎 mumps:腮腺炎 diabetes:糖尿病 phlebitis:静脉炎 但是measles(麻疹),rickets(软骨病) 谓语 可用单/复数 2.以S结尾的表示游戏名称的名词谓语常 用单数
谓一致
II. 集体名词(Collective Noun)作主语的主




The merchandise on display in the shop window is very good. All the machinery is new. 3. 既可用作复数也可用作单数的集体名词: family, army, group, committee, company, government, enemy, class, team, party, club, majority, crowd, audience, jury, union, fleet(舰 队),faculty(能力;大学教职人员),crew, public His family are all music lovers. His family isn’t large. His family___ going to have a long journey. The whole family ____ watching TV.

These glass works are near the railway station. 9.少Leabharlann 名词用作单数和用作复数意义不同
What’s the odds?有什么要紧?=what does it



matter? (差别) The odds are against us.我们成功的机会很小。 (可能的机会) The martyr’s remains were buried at the foot of the hill.遗体 Here is the remains of the temple.遗迹
如带有单位词,则由单位词的单/复
数来决定谓语动词的单/复数

A pair of shoes was on the desk.

6.下列以s结尾的名词通常用作复数
archives:档案 arms:武器 eaves:屋檐 contents:内容 goods:货物 suburbs:郊区 thanks:谢意 wages: 工资 stairs:楼梯 remains:遗体 morals:道德,品行 minutes:记录

4.以S
结尾的地理名称如山脉,海峡, 瀑布,群岛等谓语动词通常用作复 数
the West Indies西印度群岛 the Bahamas巴哈马群岛 the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉 the Straits of Gibraltar直布罗陀海峡 the Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉瀑布 the Rockies 落基山脉



练习: 1.The Alps (covers, cover) an area of 200,000 square kilometers and (is ,are) the greatest mountain range in Europe. 2.Draughts (is, are) an easier game than chess. 3.What (is, are) his politics ? 4.The remains of Shakespeare (is, are) buried on Stratford-on-Avon. 5.Politics (is, are) the art or science of government. 6.Mr Smith’s morals (is, are) above criticism. ually a bird species facing the danger of extinction( gains, gain) public recognition. 8 The species of fish in the aquarium (is, are) numerous.
Keys : b d d d
III. 并列结构(Coordinate Subject)做主语 1.用and或both…and 连接并列主语,谓语通常 的主谓一致



用复数 To mean to do something and to actually do something are two separate things. 但是当并列主语指的是同一个人,事物或概 念时,谓语用单数,这时and后面的名词没有 冠词。 Truth and honesty is the best policy. The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor.
谓一致



练习: 1.The jury ____in opinion about “sentence of death.” A. disagrees B. disagree C. agrees D. has disagreed 2.Today the public ____about the way nature is being ruined. A. are concerned B. is concerned C. have been concerned D. is being concerned 3.The committee can't come to a decision because ____at odds. A. it has B. they have C. it is D. they are 4.The majority _____on Ben's side, but Peter disagrees with them on two points. A. were B. was C. is D. are



但如果是国名,则用作单数,如:the United States, the United Nations, the Netherlands(荷兰)。
5.由二部分组成的物体通常以S结尾,
如果不带“一把”等单位词而单独 使用,通常用作复数。

scissors剪子 shears 大剪刀 pincers 、tongs 钳 子 pliers 老虎钳 pajamas 睡衣,宽长裤 suspenders吊裤带 knickers短裤,灯笼裤 pants 裤子 jeans 工装 裤 shorts 短裤 briefs 三角裤 shoes glasses/spectacles 眼镜 binoculars 望远镜 chopsticks
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