三相半波整流电路课程设计解读

课程设计说明书

三相半波整流电路课程设计

院、部：电气与信息工程学院

学生姓名：何俊儒

指导教师：桂友超职称副教授

专业：电气工程及其自动化

班级：电气本1103班

完成时间：2014年6月10日

摘要

随着时代的进步和科技的发展，拖动控制的电机调速系统在工农业生产、交通运输以及日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，因此，对电机调速的研究有着积极的意义.长期以来，直流电机被广泛应用于调速系统中，而且一直在调速领域占居主导地位，这主要是因为直流电机不仅调速方便，而且在磁场一定的条件下，转速和电枢电压成正比，转矩容易被控制；同时具有良好的起动性能，能较平滑和经济地调节速度。因此采用直流电机调速可以得到良好的动态特性。

整流电路是出现最早的电力电子电路，将交流电变为直流电，电路形式多种多样。当整流负载容量较大，或要求直流电压脉动较小时，应采用三相整流电路。其交流侧由三相电源供电。三相可控整流电路中，最基本的是三相半波可控整流电路，应用最为广泛的是三相桥式全控整流电路、以及双反星形可控整流电路、十二脉波可控整流电路等，均可在三相半波的基础上进行分析。

由于直流电动机具有优良的起、制动性能，宜与在广泛范围内平滑调速。在轧钢机、矿井卷机、挖掘机、金属切削机床、造纸机、高层电梯等需要高性能可控硅电力拖动的领域中得到广泛应用。近年来交流调速系统发展很快，然而直流拖动控制系统毕竟在理论上和在时间上都比较成熟，而且从反馈闭环控制的角度来看，它又是交流拖动系统的基础，长期以来，由于直流调速拖动系统的性能指标优于交流调速系统。因此，直流调速系统一直在调速系统领域内占重要位置。国内三相半波可控整流电路技术不够熟练，设备不够先进。国外的三相半波可控整流电路设备完善技术比较熟练。

关键词：整流;三相半波可控整流电路;直流电动机

ABSTRACT

With the development of science and technology, motor speed control system of traction control in industrial and agricultural production, transportation and daily life plays a more and more important role, therefore, has a positivesignificance to the study of motor speed. For a long time, have been widely applied in DC motor speed control system, and has been leading in speed regulating field occupies the position, this is mainly because the DC motor not only convenient speed, but also in the field under certain conditions, and the armature voltage is proportional to the speed, torque is easy to control; at the same time, good starting performance, can adjust the speed is smooth and economic. The DC motor speed control can obtain good dynamic characteristics.

Rectifier circuit is a power electronic circuit of the earliest, the alternating current into direct current, circuit forms. When the rectifier load capacity is larger, or require the DC voltage ripple is small, should adopt the three-phase rectifier circuit. The AC side of a three-phase power supply. Three phase controlled rectifier circuit, the most fundamental is the three phase half wave controlled rectifier circuit, is the most widely used three-phase full bridge controlled rectifier circuit, and the double anti star rectifier circuit, the twelvewave controlled rectifier circuit, analysis can be based on half wave phase.

Because of the DC motor with excellent, braking performance, Yi and smoothin a broad range of speed. In the rolling mill, mine, widely used machine,excavator, metal cutting machine, paper machine, high-rise elevator need high performance silicon controlled electric drive field. In recent years the development of AC speed regulation system quickly, however, DC drive control system in theory and in time are relatively mature, but also from the feedback loop control perspective, it is a foundation, AC drive system for a long time,because of better performance than that of AC speed control system of DCdrive system. Therefore, DC speed control system has occupied an important position in the field of speed control system. The three phase half wave controlled rectifier circuit technology is not enough skilled, equipment not advanced. The three phase half wave controlled rectifier circuit equipment is perfect for more skilled.

Key words rectifier；three phase half wave controlled rectifier；DC motor