FREIGHT FORWARD

Unit Two
1. Freight forwarding & Freight forwarder 2. The freight forwarder’s original duty 3. The reasons for enlarging (1)expansion of international trade (2)Development of different modes of transport 4. on behalf of the consignor 5. on behalf of the consignee
Unit Three
国际代号 含义 交货地点 风险划分 责任与费用的划分 适用运输
Baidu Nhomakorabea
运输工具
办理保险
支付运 费
支付保费
出口税
进口税
海运 内河
FOB
装运港船上交货
出口国指定船 上
越过船舷
买方
买方
买方
买方
卖方
买方
海运 内河
CFR
成本加运费
同上
同上
卖方
买方
卖方
买方
卖方
买方
海运 内河
Unit Four
1. UCP600 1st July, 2007; 2. Reasons for a Revision: (1)To address （满足、着重于）developments in the banking, transport and insurance industries. (2)To improve the drafting of the UCP in order to facilitate consistent application and interpretation of the Rules. (3)To enhance the reputation （名誉）of L/C as settlement means of choice among international traders. (4)To reduce documentary rejections. (5)Overall effect is one of clarification and consolidation （澄清与合并）
Unit Three
1.Incoterms 2000 : 13; uniform rules for interpretation of trade terms(用语解释贸易 术语的统一规则) 2.Tradtional three: FOB;CFR;CIF 3.In FCA: (1) at the seller’s premises, the seller is responsible for loading (2) any other place, the seller is not responsible for unloading.
Unit One
4.Trade Barrier 5.Steps:Starting with market research • Seeking customers • Contact each other by sending inquiries (询价) • Status inquiry（询价状况） • Quotations or offers; acceptance or non acceptance • Order; contract • Obtaining import/export license; opening L/C ，receiving L/C • Preparation of goods by the seller • Inspection or survey of goods • Reserving shipping space（订舱） • Effecting insurance（办理保险） • Customs clearance • Shipping advice（装运通知） • Negotiation of export documents under L/C by the beneficiary • Redemption of documents （赎单）under L/C • Customs clearance for import • Delivery of goods • Lodging and settling claims （索理赔）(if any)
Unit One
1.Definitions: International trade &Domestic trade 2.Risks: Economic (1) insolvency （破产）of the buyer; (2)the failure of the buyer to pay the amount; (3)non-acceptance（拒 绝承兑）;(4) exchange rate Political (1)cancellation or non-renewal of export or import licenses ; (2)war risks; (3)expropriation（征用） or confiscation（没收） of the importer’s company; (4)risk of the imposition of an import ban （进口禁令）after the shipment of the goods;(5) transfer risk（汇兑风险）—imposition of exchange controls （外汇管制） by the importer’s country or foreign currency shortages; (6)influence of political parties in importer’s company.
Unit Four
3. Major Changes of UCP 600 (1)UCP does not apply unless it is expressly mentioned in the text of the L/C.不自动适用 (2)The banks now have a maximum of five banking days following the day of presentation, and no longer the reasonable time not exceeding 7 banking days. 7---5 (3)Data in a document, when read in context with the credit, the document itself and international standard banking practice, need not be identical to , but must not conflict with data in the document, any other stipulated document or the L/C.（单据中内容的描述不 必与信用证、信用证对该项单据的描述以及国际标准银行实务完全 一致，但不得与该项单据中的内容、其它规定的单据或信用证相冲 突。从“严格相符”到“不必完全一致但必须不冲突”。要求逐渐 变得宽松。） (4)Under the new UCP, the commercial invoice must be made out in the same currency as the L/C.发票币种必须与信用证一致 (5)Bs/L may now allow transshipment, provided that the entire carriage is covered by one and the same B/L.提单允许转运
Unit Five
2. Time of Shipment (1)Shipment on or about June 20,2008 (15-25) (2)Shipment not later than July 31st ,2008 (3)Shipment to be made during June/July, 2008 (4)Shipment within 15 days after receipt of remittance (收到汇款后15日之 内装船) (5)Shipment within 30 days after receipt of L/C(收到信用证后30天内装船) (6) The words “to, until, till, from, between” and words of similar expressions applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned(包含) (7)The word “before and after” will be understood to exclude the date mentioned.（不包含） (8)The terms “first half, second half” of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 15th, and the 16th to the last day of such month, all dates inclusive.（上半1-15；下半16-最后一日） (9)The terms “beginning, middle, or end” of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 10th, the 11th to the 20th, and the 21st to the last day of such month, all dates inclusive.（上中下三旬）
Unit One
3. World Trade Organization (WTO) Functions: Basic (1) To implement, administer, and carry out WTO Agreement and it annexes;（执行、管理和实施世贸组 织协定及其附件） (2) To act as a forum for ongoing multilateral trade negotiations;（充当现行多边贸易谈判的论坛） (3) To serve as a tribunal for resolving disputes;（作为解 决争议的法庭） (4) To review the trade policies and practices of member states.（评审各成员国贸易政策和行为） Additionally, cooperation with IMF&Word Bank
Unit Five
1.Terms of Shipment: (1)Methods of transport (2)Port or place of loading and unloading (3)Shipping documents (4)Time for shipment (5)Partial shipment (6)transshipment
Unit Five
3.
• The time of shipment should be stipulated in a clear and flexible way (清楚、灵活)。 Expressions such as “prompt”, “immediately”, “as soon as possible” and the like should not be used. • (3)Sometimes, the L/C simply stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date which means these two dates are the same.(同一日) • (4)A, If the expiry date of the credit（信用证有效期） and/or the last day of the period of time for presentation of documents （交单期） stipulated by the credit falls on a day on which the bank to which presentation has to be made is closed, the stipulated expiry date and/or the last day of the period of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents, as the case may be, shall be extended to the first following day on which such bank is open.（交 单期顺延） • B.The latest date for shipment （最迟装运期）shall not be extended by reason of the extension of the expiry date and/or the period of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents.（装运 期不顺延）