英语速记符号完整版(用于听力和笔记)_百度文库
英语速记符号完整版(用于听力和笔记)
1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/关于缩略词一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
听写速记 口译笔记速记符号归总
[1].Note-taking symbols and abbreviations[2].关于缩略词[3].关于字母和图像[4].用箭头、数字符号、标点符号来表示1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference: Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sum f = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = compare e.g. = example dept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentation subj = subject ind=individual cons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associate biol =biology info=information ach=achievementchem= chemistry max=maximum intro=introduction conc=concentration min=minimum rep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = prepared prblm = problem estmt = estimatebkgd = background gvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amount cont'd = continuedgov't = government educat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s. chpts = chapters egs = examplesfs = frequencies intros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checking estg = establishingdecrg = decreasing exptg = experimentingIf a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name isused again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = and w/ = withw/o = without vs = against\ = therefore = = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for example ibid = Latin, the same worko = degrees H2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus // parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples: eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketing cus customer cli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the secondsyllable. Examples:subj subject budg budget ind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technology gen'ion generalisation del'y delivery Use just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:assoc associated ach achievement info informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: 省略原音字母bkgd background mvmt movement prblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customers fs frequencies /s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasing ckg checking estblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:in but as key省去非重要的单词Leave out unimportant verbs. Examples:is was were省去不必要的单词Leave out unnecessary articles. Examples:a an theIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at 2 to 4 for & and w/ with w/o without vs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <---> resulting in ---> and / also + equal to / same as = following ff most importantly * less than < greater than > especially esp/ 一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
英语听力速记专用符号
专八英语听力速记专用符号1、数学符号+ ：plus, and, in addition++(+2)：more+3：most－：minus, lack, i×：“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念√：correct, good, positive, affirmative）> ：（bigger/larger/greater< ：less/smaller/fewer than,≥：≤：= ：≠ ：≈：Є：“属于”（belong to）( )：(among, within, etc. )∵：∴:⊥: based on2、标点符号: say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, express, think, etc.? question，doubt! dangerous, warning, alarming, alert, hazardous, jeopardy, w3、图形符号☆important，exemplary⊙meeting, meet, conference, discussion, negotiation），□ 国家□/□ 国与国∪因形状看起来像酒杯，表示值得庆祝的“协议”、“协定”、“条约”或“合同”（agreement, accord, treaty, contract）。
因此，“双边协议”、“三边协议”或者“多边协议”就可以分别在∪里面加上2、3或者n（多）.>< 对立、冲突＜＜波折∩ 进入∞ 接触、交往⊥ 分歧≡ 坚持！ 关键 ; 奇观@ 有关∽ 替换为‖ 但是○ 洞& 表示“和”，“与”：and，together with，along with，accompany，along with，further more，etc.＃表示“结束”：end，stop，halt，bring sth to a standstill /stop, etc.∟ 加在动词下表示“过去”、“……过”或“……了”」加在动词下表示“将来”※特征、特点（feature, character, characteristic, symbol, sign, exemplify）∧领导♀ female♂ male4、箭头符号↑ 表示“上升”、↓ 表示“减少”、← 原因、→ 导致、结果5、惯用符号（缩写）(1) 常用字母c表示“世纪”（century），比如“21世纪”可以写成21ce表示“经济”（economy, economic, economics）n表示“很多个”（many, much, several）(2) 英文缩写(适用于高频词)a.保留前几个字母Com：Edu：e.g.：info：IOU：I/O：ASAP:Max：Min：Esp:b. 拿掉所有元音MKT:MSG:STD:RCV:ACPT:AD:DEPT:STD:c.保留开头和结尾的辅音字母WK：d.根据发音R; U; UR;。
英语听力速记符号张腾总结
英语听力速记符号张腾总结1．表示到达、传达： go into， arrive at，give to，send to， present to etc.2．表示导致、引导： lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.3．表示屈服： submit to1．表示来自于： be/come from ，return ， receive from, etc.2．表示追溯到： come/go back to，originate1．表示上升： up/upward/rise ，increase，arise，ascend, etc.2．表示发射、投放市场、发行：launch，open, start, etc.3．表示发展、加强、推进：develop，strengthen ， promote, etc表示“波折”： ups and downs, twists and turns, etc.常用速记数学符号汇编+表示“多” : many, lots of, a great deal of, a good manyof, etc.++(+2)表示“多”的比较级： more+3表示“多”的最高级： most－表示“少” : little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortageof etc.×表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念：wrong/incorrect ，something bad，notorious， negative,etc.>1．表示“多于”概念： bigger/larger/greater/morethan/better than, etc.2．表示“高”概念： superior to ， surpass, etc.<1．表示“少于”概念： less/smaller， etc.2．表示“低”概念： inferior to ，etc.=1．表示“同等”概念： means，that is to say， in otherwords， the same as，be equal to, etc.2．表示“对手”概念： a match, rival, competitor,counterpart, etc.( )表示“在......之间”： among, within, etc.≠1．表示“不同”概念： be different from, etc.2．表示“无敌”概念： matchless, peerless, etc.～表示“大约”概念： about/around ，or so，approximately, etc./表示“否定”，“消除”等概念： cross out, eliminate,etc.APT apartmentACC accountantACDG accordingACPT acceptAD advertisementADS addressADV advise劝告AMAP as much as possibleAMT amountAPV approve批准ASAP as soon as possibleBAL balanceBLDG buildingCERT certificate证书CFM conform符合CNCL cancelCNF conference会议CMI commission委员会，佣金CMPL completeCMPE competeCMU communicationCONC concernCOND condition条件panyDEPT departmentDISC discount打折DRT departure出发EXCH exchangeEXPLN explainEXT extent程度一、缩略词（缩略词的写法一般为四种方式）拿掉所有元音MKT marketMGR managerMSG messageSTD standardRCV receive保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insurance保险EXCH exchangeIOU I owe youI/O In stead of保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT ApartmentACC Accountant会计ACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND ConditionpanyDEPT Department部门DISC Discount折扣DPT Departure离开EXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT Extent程度FLT FlightFNT FinalFRT Freight货物FYR For your reference供你参考GD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O.Home officeINFO InformationIMPS ImpossibleIMP （T） ImportantINCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS InsuranceINTST InterestedI/O In stead of以。
英语听力速记符号
英语听力速记符号一、字母和缩写1. A - 代表“always” 总是2. B - 代表“because” 因为3. C - 代表“can’t” 不能4. D - 代表“don’t” 不要5. E - 代表“everything” 每件事6. F - 代表“friend” 朋友7. G - 代表“goodbye” 再见8. I - 代表“if” 如果9. J - 代表“just” 只是10. K - 代表“known” 知道二、数字和数学符号1. # - 代表“number” 数字2. × - 代表“multiply” 乘法3. / - 代表“divide” 除法4. + - 代表“plus” 加法5. - - 代表“minus” 减法6. < - 代表“less than” 小于7. > - 代表“greater than” 大于8. = - 代表“equals” 等于9. ( - 代表“open parenthesis” 开括号10. ) - 代表“close parenthesis” 闭括号三、标点和符号1. , - 代表“comma” 逗号2. . - 代表“period” 句号3. ? - 代表“question mark” 问号4. ! - 代表“exclamation mark” 感叹号5. ; - 代表“semicolon” 分号6. " - 代表“quotation marks” 双引号或单引号7. ' - 同上，也是引号的意思8. : - 同上，也是引号的意思9. & - 代表“and” 和10. * - 代表“star” 星号或乘号的意思四、图像和图形1. @ - 可以代表“at the” 在某处或某个时间点前2. @@ - 可以代表重复前一个符号或单词3. ~ - 可以代表“wave” 波浪形状，也可以表示声音的延长。
czdjsny听力_速记符号汇编-适合雅思听力、高级口译
^| You have to believe, there is a way. The ancients said:" the kingdom of heaven is trying to enter". Only when the reluctant step by step to go to it 'stime, must be managed to get one step down, only have struggled to achieveit.-- Guo Ge Tech听力速记符号汇编常用速记箭头汇编g1．表示到达、传达：go into，arrive at，give to，send to，present to etc.2．表示导致、引导：lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.3．表示屈服：submit tof1．表示来自于：be/come from，return，receive from, etc.2．表示追溯到：come/go back to，originateh1．表示上升：up/upward/rise，increase，arise，ascend, etc.2．表示发射、投放市场、发行：launch，open, start, etc.3．表示发展、加强、推进：develop，strengthen，promote, etc表示“波折”：ups and downs, twists and turns, etc.常用速记数学符号汇编：+表示“多”: many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.++(+2)表示“多”的比较级：more+3表示“多”的最高级：most－表示“少”: little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.×表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念：wrong/incorrect，something bad，notorious，negative, etc.> 1．表示“多于”概念：bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.2．表示“高” 概念：superior to，surpass, etc.< 1．表示“少于”概念：less/smaller，etc.2．表示“低”概念：inferior to，etc.=1．表示“同等”概念：means，that is to say，in other words，the same as，be equal to, etc.2．表示“对手”概念：a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( )表示“在......之间”：among, within, etc.≠1．表示“不同”概念：be different from, etc.2．表示“无敌”概念：matchless, peerless, etc.～表示“大约”概念：about/around，or so，approximately, etc./表示“否定”，“消除”等概念：cross out, eliminate, etc.1.Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily.A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples: subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples: custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects. Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
英语四级学习听力速记符号
IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible.1 拿掉所有元音MKT: market MGR: managerMSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive2 保留前几个字母INFO information NS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O3 保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK week RM roomPL people\ Z 表示"人"people/person，例如：日本人：JZ4 根据发音R are THO though THRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表APT Apartment ACC AccountantACDG According ACPT AcceptAD Advertisement ADS AddressADV Advice AMAP As much/many as possibleAMT Amount APV ApproveASAP As soon as possible BAL BalanceBLDG Building CERT CertificateCFM Conform CNCL CancelCNF Conference CMI CommissionCMP Complete CMPE Compete/competitiveCMU Communication CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition CO. Company DPT DepartureDEPT Department DISC DiscountEXCH Exchange EXPLN ExplainEXT Extent FLT FlightFNT Final FRT FreightFYR For your reference GD GoodGUAR Guarantee H.O. Home officeINFO Information IMPS ImpossibleIMP（T）Important INCD IncludeINDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST Interested I/O In stead of IOU I owe you IVO In view ofMANUF Manufacture MDL ModelMEMO Memorandum MGR MangerMIN Minimum MKT MarketMSG Message NCRY NecessaryNLT No later than OBS ObserveOBT Obtain ORD OrdinaryPAT Patent PC PiecePKG Packing PLS PleasePOSN Position POSS（BL）Possible PROD Product QLTY QualityQUTY Quantity RCV ReceiveREF Reference REGL RegularREP Representative RESN ReservationRPT Repeat RESPON ResponsibleSEC Section SITN SituationSTD Standard TEL TelephoneTEMP Temporary TGM TelegraphTHO Though TKS ThanksTRD Trade TRF TrafficTTL Total U YouUR Your WK WeekWL Will WT Weight XL Extra large二、字母、图像C (control) 表示政府，统治：government，govern .governmental official 可以表示为CZP 表示政治：politician就可以表示为PZS (sum)/ E 表示总数：total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
英语听力速记符号体系总结
英语听力速记符号体系总结一、缩略词1.去掉所有元音如：STD---standard, MKT---market2.保留前几个字母如：INFO---information, ASAP---as soon as possible3.保留开头和结尾个发音字母如：WK---week, RM---room4.根据发音如：R---are, B4---before, you too---u2二、英文字母y: 年yearm: 月monthw: 周weekh:小时hours: 秒钟secondd: 日子/今天day/today2y:两年以前two years agob: 但是but, however, neverthelessc:世纪century四大速记符号1.常用速记标点使用冒号“: ”表示各种各样“说”的动词如say, speak, talk, announce, declare, 使用问号“?” 表示问题,如question, issue, problem2.常用速记数字符号•+表示“多”，many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, a bunch of•++/+2表示“多”的比较级more•+3表示“多”的最高级most•-表示“少”，little, few, lack, short of, have a shortage of•×表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念，wrong, incorrect, something bad, notorious, negative•＝表示相同，一致，公平，如the same as, equal to, similar to•>表示大于，超过，高于，如surpass, exceed, more than, superior to•<表示少于，低于，如less than, inferior to .•∵表示因为，由于，幸亏，如because, due to, thanks to ,•∴表示所以，因此，结果是，如so, therefore, hence, consequently3．常用速记箭头•↑表示上升，如go up/upward, rise, increase, arise, ascend表示发射、投放市场、发行，如launch, open, start表示发展、加强、推进，如develop, strengthen, promote•↓表示减少，下降，降低，衰落，如decrease, decline, go down, drop, fall•一表示持平，维稳，如stabilize, remain stable, remain the same.→表示到达、传达，如go into, arrive at, give to, send to, present to表示导致、引导，如lead to, result in, in the direction of←表示来自于，如be/come from, return, receive from表示追溯到，如come/go back to, originate4．常用速记图形符号•√表示好的，著名的，如right, good, famous, well-known表示同意，如stand up for, support, agree with•！表示危险，警告，当心，值得注意，如dangerous, harmful, warming, alarming, alert, watch out•☆表示重点，重视，重要的，如important, significant, critical, substantial, meaningful, essential,outstanding•♀表示女性，woman , female•♂表示男性，man, male•$/￥表示钱，有钱的，富裕的，贵的，如dollar, money, rich, expensive.•V表示胜利，凯旋，如victory, triumph。
口译笔记符号大汇总（超全整理版_方便直接背诵）
口译笔记符号大汇总一. 地名简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Korea K Sweden SD Switzerland SW东西南北中等方位“|－”the Republic of Korea(南朝鲜)ROK“K”the DemocraticPeople’s Republic ofKorea（北朝鲜）DPRK“_K”Eastern Germany (东德)“G|”Western Europe（西欧）“|EU”二. 货币简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Sterling/pound￡US dollar$Renminbi/RMB￥Australian dollars#AAustrian schillings Sch Canadian dollars Can$ Eurodollar€New Zealand dollars NZ$ Japanese yen円三．时间简写原词速记符号原词速记符号hour hr minute’second’’morning m afternoon a evening/night/tonight ntoday d yesterday.dthe day before yesterday”d tomorrow d’the day after tomorrow d’ ’day by day/everyday ddlast night’n next morning m’this week w the week before last”wMonday1w Tuesday2wWednesday3w Thursday4wFriday5w Saturday6wSunday7w this month mJanuary1m February2mMarch3m April4mMay5m June6mJuly7m August8m September9m October10m November11m December12dmtwo month ago.2m this year ytwo year later y2.1949年前/491949年后49/1949年底4920年以后20y|century Csince/ever since┠uo to now/ until┫四．度量衡原词速记符号原词速记符号meter m inch in. centimeter cm foot ftminimeter mm knot ktmile mi acre Anautical mile nm五. 缩略词原词速记符号原词速记符号Apartment APT Accountant ACC According ACDG Accept ACPT Advertisement AD Address ADS aircraft AC at least ALAdvice ADV Approve APVas soon as possible ASAP As much/many as possible AMAPare R Amount AMT Building BLDG Balance BAL Cancel CNCL Conference CNF carbon copy cc care of c/o Conform CFM Commission CMI Complete CMP Concern/concerning/concerned CONC Condition COND Communication CMU Compete/competitive CMPE Certificate CERT Company CO.Departure DPT Discount DISC Department DEPT Extent EXT Exchange EXCH Explain EXPLN Extra large XL Final FNT Flight FLT For your reference FYR Freight FRT Guarantee GUAR Good GD Home office H.O.Interested INTST Information INFO important IMPI owe you IOU In stead of I/OIn view of IVO Include IINCD insurance INS Impossible IMPS Individual INDIV Minimum MIN Market MKT Manufacture MANUF Message MSG manager MGR Model MDL Memorandum MEMO No later than NLT Necessary NCRY Ordinary ORD Observe OBS Obtain OBT Product PROD Patent PAT Packing PKG Please PLS People PLPiece PC Position POSNPossible POSS(BL)Quantity QUTYQuality QLTY room RMRegular REGL Representative REPReservation RESN Repeat RPTResponsible RESPON receive RCVReference REF Situation SITNStandard STD Section SECThough THO TGM TelegraphThanks TKS Telephone TELTrade TRD through THRUTemporary TEMP Traffic TRFTotal TTL You UYour UR Will WLWeek WK Weight WT六．较长单词的处理办法词尾缩写原词速记符号-ism m socialism Sm-tion n standardization (标准化)stdn-cian o technician techo-ing g marketing (市场营销)MKTg-ed d accepted acptd-able/ible/ble bl available avbl-ment mt amendment amdmt-ize z recognize regz-ful fl meaningful mnfl七．字母、图像、符号原词速记符号原词速记符号people/person人ｏ右上角Janpanese日本人JPｏGovernment/govern C 政府Governmental official CZPolitics/political P 政治politician PZEfficient/effective G 效率inflation Q 通货膨胀victory,/win/success V 胜利Leader/head T 领导人agriculture/agriculture A 农业business B 商业conflict/confrontation C× 冲突/矛盾work/employ W 工作/职业industry/industrial i 工业treaty/agreement U 合同/协议bilateral（双边的）U内填入2trilateral (三边的)U内填入3 Unilateralism（单边主义）U内填入1Multiple(多边主义)U内填入m谈判破裂U上加一个“/”country/state/nation□国家/民族/领土Import进口gO outport出口Ogchair/ host/preside over Z主持/主办Chairman/host Z°主席、主持人contact, exchanges:∞联系fishery∞捕鱼业head of government/ company CTinternational/worldwide/global/universal ○国际的/世界的/全球的as we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard of EO 听到/众所周之meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium⊙会议/开会pleasant/joyful/happy/excitedJ 开心/高兴/荣幸/好现象unsatisfied/discomfort/angry/sadL 生气/难过/悲伤/忧虑/不满indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/ don’t care much O 漠不关心/无动于衷total/totally/entire/entirely/onthe whole/all in all/to sum up∑总值/总数go into/arrive at/give to/sendto/present to g→到达/传达lead to/result in/in thedirection of→导致/引导come/go back to/originate←追溯到be/come from/return/receivefromf←自于launch/open/start↗发射/投放市场/发行develop/strengthen/promote/boost,/improve/enhance↑发展/加强/推进up/upward/rise/increase/h↑上升ups and downs/twists and << 波折arise/ascend turns/roller coastersubmit to↓屈服exchange/mutual n交流a match /rival /competitor/counterpart/against VS对手many/lots of/a great deal of/agood many of/plus+ 多/加之/加上/补充more++/+2多的比较级most+3 多的最高级little/few/lack/in short of/be inshortage of/minus －少/减去/除去about/around/orso/approximately≈大约bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than > 大于/多于/好于/优于less/smaller< 小于/少于/差于/劣于superior to/surpass∧高inferior to∨低among/within( ) 在...之间but yet however∧转折cross out/eliminate/ 否定/消除question/issue? 问题/疑惑/难题wonder/miracle/pay attesion to！惊叹/特别注意matchless/peerless无敌say/speak/talk/marks/announce/declare : 说/认为/希望end/stop/halt/bring sth to astandstill/stop∥结束right/good/famous/well-known√对/正确/好的wrong/incorrect/somethingbad/notorious/negative× 错误/失误/坏stand up for/support/ agree withsb/certain/ affirmativeY同意not agree/disagree N不同意thought*想法/重要的/优秀的important/best/outstanding/brilliant☆重要的very/extremely__ 强调程度under the circumstance￣在…的条件/情况下means/that is to say/in otherwords/the same as/be equal to =即/等于/相当于/同等be different from≠不同/不等于/不相当/不是and/together with/along &和/与belong to∈属于with/accompany/alongwith/further morebasis of/ perpendicular/ isperpendicular to ⊥ …的基础therefore/so/as a result/consequently∴所以/结果because/because of/due to∵因为/由于/多亏hear/listen○3听说about＠关于parallel// water H2O for4to2without w/o with w/plus or minus±times x so on, etc, and so forth ···divided by÷circle, circumference○degree℃ellipse0 percent%diameterθper thousand‰triangle, delta △between|.|inside/ within/include/ among,( ) maintaining peace and stability: ◎Empty Oas always/hold on,/persist/ insist on ≡一直/总是/一贯pressure/influence⊥(竖线为向下箭头)On the other hand/or/ 或者right angle∟Representative/delegation/ delegation △ocean/sea/river/lake/brook/stream∽江河湖海水hills/mountainω山climb the mountainω上加一点·山水之间ω∕∽before/beyond/in front of·|above/on/over～上加一点·below/beneath/under～下加一点·table/desk/house/building/bed︹桌/凳/床/楼/房在椅子上︹上加一短横在桌子下︹下加一短横look/ look after/ look into/investigate/witness⊙资本主义资’四个现代化4mpeace-keeping维p第三世界3w。
英语听力速记符号 总结
1．表示到达、传达：go into，arrive at，give to，send to，present to etc.2．表示导致、引导：lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.3．表示屈服：submit to1．表示来自于：be/come from，return，receive from, etc.2．表示追溯到：come/go back to，originate1．表示上升：up/upward/rise，increase，arise，ascend, etc.2．表示发射、投放市场、发行：launch，open, start, etc.3．表示发展、加强、推进：develop，strengthen，promote, etc表示“波折”：ups and downs, twists and turns, etc.常用速记数学符号汇编+表示“多”: many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of,etc.++(+2)表示“多”的比较级：more+3表示“多”的最高级：most－表示“少”: little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage ofetc.×表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念：wrong/incorrect，something bad，notorious，negative, etc.> 1．表示“多于”概念：bigger/larger/greater/morethan/better than, etc.2．表示“高” 概念：superior to，surpass, etc.< 1．表示“少于”概念：less/smaller，etc.2．表示“低”概念：inferior to，etc.=1．表示“同等”概念：means，that is to say，in otherwords，the same as，be equal to, etc.2．表示“对手”概念：a match, rival, competitor,counterpart, etc.( )表示“在......之间”：among, within, etc.≠1．表示“不同”概念：be different from, etc.2．表示“无敌”概念：matchless, peerless, etc.～表示“大约”概念：about/around，or so，approximately,etc./表示“否定”，“消除”等概念：cross out, eliminate, etc. APT apartmentACC accountantACDG accordingACPT acceptAD advertisementADS addressADV adviseAMAP as much as possibleAMT amountAPV approveASAP as soon as possibleBAL balancceBLDG buildingCERT certificateCFM conformCNCL cancelCNF conferenceCMI commissionCMPL completeCMPE competeCMU communicationCONC concernCOND conditionCO. companyDEPT departmentDISC discountDRT departureEXCH exchangeEXPLN explainEXT extent一、缩略词（缩略词的写法一般为四种方式）拿掉所有元音MKT marketMGR managerMSG messageSTD standardRCV receive保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeIOU I owe youI/O In stead of保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your reference GD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home office INFO InformationIMPS ImpossibleIMP（T）ImportantINCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS Insurance INTST InterestedI/O In stead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL ModelMEMO MemorandumMGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG MessageNCRY NecessaryNLT No later thanOBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN PositionPOSS（BL）PossiblePROD ProductQLTY QualityⅠ箭头→ export to, send to ,cause(导致)，arrive in/atEg.: 我今天下午到达北京I → BJ at 6:00 pm d.← import, receive(from),come back(from)↑ increase, rise develop, promote, grow, expandEg.: this company keep expanding (↑)↓decrease, decline, bomb(爆炸) ，dropⅡ数学用符号＋plus, and, in addition to ,further more(而且，此外，更近一步说) Eg.: there are five students plus ten teachers attending(旁听)5stus＋10tea－minus, lack× wrong, incorrect, bad＞more than, greater, more and more, superior to＜less than, smaller, fewer, inferior to≥ more than or equal to≤ less than or equal to≠ be not match for…Eg.: jack ≠ Brandy jack 不是Brandy 的对手≈around, almostEg.: 这辆自行车大约要花500美元才能买下自行车≈＄500∵because of, owing to ,due to , thanks to∴so, thereforeⅢ其它。
(完整版)口译笔记符号大汇总(超全整理版_方便直接背诵)
口译笔记符号大汇总一. 地名简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Korea K Sweden SD Switzerland SW东西南北中等方位“|－”the Republic of Korea(南朝鲜)ROK“K”the DemocraticPeople’s Republic ofKorea（北朝鲜）DPRK“_K”Eastern Germany (东德)“G|”Western Europe（西欧）“|EU”二. 货币简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Sterling/pound￡US dollar$Renminbi/RMB￥Australian dollars#AAustrian schillings Sch Canadian dollars Can$ Eurodollar€New Zealand dollars NZ$ Japanese yen円三．时间简写原词速记符号原词速记符号hour hr minute’second’’morning m afternoon a evening/night/tonight ntoday d yesterday.dthe day before yesterday”d tomorrow d’the day after tomorrow d’ ’day by day/everyday ddlast night’n next morning m’this week w the week before last”wMonday1w Tuesday2w Wednesday3w Thursday4wFriday5w Saturday6wSunday7w this month mJanuary1m February2mMarch3m April4mMay5m June6mJuly7m August8m September9m October10m November11m December12dmtwo month ago.2m this year ytwo year later y2.1949年前/491949年后49/1949年底4920年以后20y|century Csince/ever since┠uo to now/ until┫四．度量衡原词速记符号原词速记符号meter m inch in. centimeter cm foot ftminimeter mm knot ktmile mi acre Anautical mile nm五. 缩略词原词速记符号原词速记符号Apartment APT Accountant ACC According ACDG Accept ACPT Advertisement AD Address ADS aircraft AC at least ALAdvice ADV Approve APVas soon as possible ASAP As much/many as possible AMAPare R Amount AMTBuilding BLDG Balance BAL Cancel CNCL Conference CNF carbon copy cc care of c/o Conform CFM Commission CMI Complete CMP Concern/concerning/concerned CONC Condition COND Communication CMU Compete/competitive CMPE Certificate CERT Company CO.Departure DPT Discount DISC Department DEPT Extent EXT Exchange EXCH Explain EXPLN Extra large XL Final FNT Flight FLT For your reference FYR Freight FRT Guarantee GUAR Good GD Home office H.O.Interested INTST Information INFO important IMPI owe you IOU In stead of I/OIn view of IVO Include IINCD insurance INS Impossible IMPS Individual INDIV Minimum MIN Market MKT Manufacture MANUF Message MSG manager MGR Model MDL Memorandum MEMO No later than NLT Necessary NCRY Ordinary ORD Observe OBS Obtain OBT Product PROD Patent PAT Packing PKG Please PLS People PL Piece PC Position POSNPossible POSS(BL)Quantity QUTYQuality QLTY room RMRegular REGL Representative REPReservation RESN Repeat RPTResponsible RESPON receive RCVReference REF Situation SITNStandard STD Section SECThough THO TGM TelegraphThanks TKS Telephone TELTrade TRD through THRUTemporary TEMP Traffic TRFTotal TTL You UYour UR Will WLWeek WK Weight WT六．较长单词的处理办法词尾缩写原词速记符号-ism m socialism Sm-tion n standardization (标准化)stdn-cian o technician techo-ing g marketing (市场营销)MKTg-ed d accepted acptd-able/ible/ble bl available avbl-ment mt amendment amdmt-ize z recognize regz-ful fl meaningful mnfl七．字母、图像、符号原词速记符号原词速记符号people/person人ｏ右上角Janpanese日本人JPｏGovernment/govern C 政府Governmental official CZPolitics/political P 政治politician PZEfficient/effective G 效率inflation Q 通货膨胀victory,/win/success V 胜利Leader/head T 领导人agriculture/agriculture A 农业business B 商业conflict/confrontation C× 冲突/矛盾work/employ W 工作/职业industry/industrial i 工业treaty/agreement U 合同/协议bilateral（双边的）U内填入2trilateral (三边的)U内填入3 Unilateralism（单边主义）U内填入1Multiple(多边主义)U内填入m谈判破裂U上加一个“/”country/state/nation□国家/民族/领土Import进口gO outport出口Ogchair/ host/preside over Z主持/主办Chairman/host Z°主席、主持人contact, exchanges:∞联系fishery∞捕鱼业head of government/ company CTinternational/worldwide/global/universal ○国际的/世界的/全球的as we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard of EO 听到/众所周之meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium⊙会议/开会pleasant/joyful/happy/excitedJ 开心/高兴/荣幸/好现象unsatisfied/discomfort/angry/sadL 生气/难过/悲伤/忧虑/不满indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/ don’t care much O 漠不关心/无动于衷total/totally/entire/entirely/onthe whole/all in all/to sum up∑总值/总数go into/arrive at/give to/sendto/present to g→到达/传达lead to/result in/in thedirection of→导致/引导come/go back to/originate←追溯到be/come from/return/receivefromf←自于launch/open/start↗发射/投放市场/发行develop/strengthen/promote/boost,/improve/enhance↑发展/加强/推进up/upward/rise/increase/arise/ascend h↑上升ups and downs/twists andturns/roller coaster<< 波折submit to↓屈服exchange/mutual n交流a match /rival /competitor/counterpart/against VS对手many/lots of/a great deal of/agood many of/plus+ 多/加之/加上/补充more++/+2多的比较级most+3 多的最高级little/few/lack/in short of/be inshortage of/minus －少/减去/除去about/around/orso/approximately≈大约bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than > 大于/多于/好于/优于less/smaller< 小于/少于/差于/劣于superior to/surpass∧高inferior to∨低among/within( ) 在...之间but yet however∧转折cross out/eliminate/ 否定/消除question/issue? 问题/疑惑/难题wonder/miracle/pay attesion to！惊叹/特别注意matchless/peerless无敌say/speak/talk/marks/announce/declare : 说/认为/希望end/stop/halt/bring sth to astandstill/stop∥结束right/good/famous/well-known√对/正确/好的wrong/incorrect/somethingbad/notorious/negative× 错误/失误/坏stand up for/support/ agree withsb/certain/ affirmativeY同意not agree/disagree N不同意thought*想法/重要的/优秀的important/best/outstanding/brilliant☆重要的very/extremely__ 强调程度under the circumstance￣在…的条件/情况下means/that is to say/in otherwords/the same as/be equal to =即/等于/相当于/同等be different from≠不同/不等于/不相当/不是and/together with/alongwith/accompany/along&和/与belong to∈属于with/further morebasis of/ perpendicular/ isperpendicular to ⊥ …的基础therefore/so/as a result/consequently∴所以/结果because/because of/due to∵因为/由于/多亏hear/listen○3听说about＠关于parallel// water H2O for4to2without w/o with w/plus or minus±times x so on, etc, and so forth ···divided by÷circle, circumference○degree℃ellipse0 percent%diameterθper thousand‰triangle, delta △between|.|inside/ within/include/ among,( ) maintaining peace and stability: ◎Empty Oas always/hold on,/persist/ insist on ≡一直/总是/一贯pressure/influence⊥(竖线为向下箭头)On the other hand/or/ 或者right angle∟Representative/delegation/ delegation △ocean/sea/river/lake/brook/stream∽江河湖海水hills/mountainω山climb the mountainω上加一点·山水之间ω∕∽before/beyond/in front of·|above/on/over～上加一点·below/beneath/under～下加一点·table/desk/house/building/bed︹桌/凳/床/楼/房在椅子上︹上加一短横在桌子下︹下加一短横look/ look after/ look into/investigate/witness⊙资本主义资’四个现代化4mpeace-keeping维p第三世界3w二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
托福听力常用速记符号
托福听力常用速记符号一、缩写：1、人名、地名、专业词汇专业词汇只需记住首字母，关于这个专业词汇的描述才是重点。
2、常见词形成固定地属于自己的缩写方式。
are可以缩写为 r/R; information通常会被简写为info等等。
二、速记符号：1、逻辑关系听力材料中出现描述逻辑关系的地方都容易出考点，该关系用特定速记符号快速的记录下来。
常见逻辑关系以及与其对应的特定速记符号如下：a. 并列考生可以使用最简单的“、”“，”“&”来表示并列。
也可以讲相关信息以同样的形状圈起来表示并列。
b. 对比、转折对于表对比(或转折的结构，可使用双指向的箭头。
大于＞小于＜小于或等于≤ 大于或等于≥等于、意味着 = 不等于≠ ，约等于≈强、好＋更强、更好＋＋弱、差－更弱、更差――c. 因果、目的因果逻辑是最常考的内容之一，部分细节题以及大部分观点组织题都考查的是材料中的因果关系。
最常见符号∵与∴。
还可使用箭头A→B: A是原因，B是结果。
d. 举例例子的作用都是证明观点，听音过程中把握好教授观点以及对应例子，使用如箭头简单地符号连接。
2、说话人态度不喜欢,反对就用×，反之用√; 错误、否、不、否定不同意×; 正确、对、好、肯定同意√3、图案直接画两个圆圈，一个上面写M代表火星，一个写J代表木星;提高、增加、加快等正向变化↑，相反的负向变化词语↓。
雌雄男女:缩写B和G/♂和♀Important可以直接打☆遗憾、悲哀画哭脸; 高兴、荣兴画笑脸属于∈胜利 V问题、疑问？结论是 =＞将来 ; 过去弧线加向前的箭头弧线加向后的箭头促进、发展↗; 一方面·/ 另一方面 /·; 关系 ·/·; 国家□ 国与国□/□; 对立、冲突 >< 波折＜＜; 会议、会面⊙; 进入∩; 接触、交往∞; 关键！奇观 ! 有关 @; 替换为∽空洞○; 代表△。
英语四级学习听力速记符号
IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible.1 拿掉所有元音 MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive2 保留前几个字母 INFO information NS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O3 保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK week RM roomPL people\ Z 表示"人"people/person，例如：日本人：JZ 4 根据发音 R are THO though THRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表APT Apartment ACC AccountantACDG According ACPT AcceptAD Advertisement ADS AddressADV Advice AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount APV ApproveASAP As soon as possible BAL Balance BLDG Building CERT CertificateCFM Conform CNCL CancelCNF Conference CMI CommissionCMP Complete CMPE Compete/competitiveCMU Communication CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition CO. Company DPT Departure DEPT Department DISC DiscountEXCH Exchange EXPLN ExplainEXT Extent FLT FlightFNT Final FRT FreightFYR For your reference GD GoodGUAR Guarantee H.O. Home officeINFO Information IMPS ImpossibleIMP（T） Important INCD IncludeINDIV Individual INS InsuranceINTST Interested I/O In stead ofIOU I owe you IVO In view ofMANUF Manufacture MDL ModelMEMO Memorandum MGR MangerMIN Minimum MKT MarketMSG Message NCRY NecessaryNLT No later than OBS ObserveOBT Obtain ORD OrdinaryPAT Patent PC PiecePKG Packing PLS PleasePOSN Position POSS（BL） PossiblePROD Product QLTY QualityQUTY Quantity RCV ReceiveREF Reference REGL RegularREP Representative RESN ReservationRPT Repeat RESPON ResponsibleSEC Section SITN SituationSTD Standard TEL TelephoneTEMP Temporary TGM TelegraphTHO Though TKS ThanksTRD Trade TRF TrafficTTL Total U YouUR Your WK WeekWL Will WT Weight XL Extra large二、字母、图像C (control) 表示政府，统治：government，govern .governmental official 可以表示为 CZP 表示政治： politician就可以表示为 PZS (sum)/ E 表示总数：total, totally, entire, entirely, on thewhole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
(完整版)英语速记符号汇总
一、缩略词（缩略词的写法一般为四种方式）拿掉所有元音MKT marketMGR managerMSG messageSTD standardRCV receive保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeIOU I owe youI/O In stead of保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your referenceGD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO InformationIMPS ImpossibleIMP（T）ImportantINCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS InsuranceINTST InterestedI/O In stead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view ofMANUF ManufactureMDL ModelMEMO MemorandumMGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG MessageNCRY NecessaryNLT No later thanOBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN PositionPOSS（BL）PossiblePROD ProductQLTY QualityQUTY QuantityRCV ReceiveREF ReferenceREGL RegularREP RepresentativeRESN ReservationRPT RepeatRESPON ResponsibleSEC SectionSITN SituationSTD StandardTEL TelephoneTEMP TemporaryTGM TelegraphTHO ThoughTKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
听力速记符号
° people or person
Eg:中国人和美国人 (中°＆US °) ⊙ meeting, conference, negotiation □ state, country Eg：2个国家 (2□) △ stand for, on behalf of Eg.:我代表你 (I △U) ︰ say, speak, tell, think • opinion, ideas, thought, point Eg.:就这个问题，我想说几点。( I 想︰几• )
Байду номын сангаас
( ) including Eg.:包括我在内，有5个人参加了这次会议。 ( 5 °→ ⊙(me) ) >< conflict (冲突，对立) ⊥ dispute, difference, divergence (分歧) ∥ compare with (与…相比) ‖ but, however • y 去年 y • 明年 • • y 前年 y • • 后年 • d 昨天 d • 明天 • • d 前天 d • • 后天 • m 上个月 m • 下个月
Key to Exercises of Unit 7 on Page 69
• 1. Ca. cngrssm R.C. 今：reelctn • 2. win → mandt → plan →私ize postl sys $3 trillion: savs, insur progs ↓ 大ist finan insti. • 3. 去 Ger elctn end ← polls 开 今 race close SPD & CDU campgn →last min.
英语听力常用速记符号
符号类
< less than / smaller / fewer / inferior to ≤ no more than > more than / bigger / greater / superior to ≥ no less than ≈ approximately / around / about / almost = equal to ≠ not equal to / not match for * important ** very important × wrong, bad √ right, good
英文速记符号
常用笔记速记符号目录[1].Note-taking symbols and abbreviations[2].关于缩略词[3].关于字母和图像[4].用箭头、数字符号、标点符号来表示1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word. ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words. & = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples: assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
专八听力常用速记符号
c.f. : exampledept:departmentmax:maximummin:minimumbkgd:backgroundgvt :government// :parallel<---:as a result / consequence of--->: resulting in= :equal to / same as*: importantmsg:messagestd:standardrcv:receivewk:weekrm:roomad:advertisementz:people/personco:and so onesp:especiallyie:that is≈:about, approximate, or so,↑:increase↓:decrease∈:belongV:victory↗:development>< conflict, confrontation＜＜:difficulty⊙:conference, meeting∞:disagreement, discrepancy∽:in stead of△:stand for?：question∧:but, however( )：among, within, etctm:time∵:by reason that, because, owing to, inasmuch as; on the score of;in so much as; considering that; nowthat∴:therefore, so; consequently+ :many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc. (++(+2)：more, +3：most)－:little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.×：wrong/incorrect，something bad√:right/good>：bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, superior to，surpass, etc.<：less/smaller，inferior to，etc.=:means，that is to say，in other words，the same as，be equal to, etc.:：say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.. (dot)这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"表示twomonth ago。
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1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s. chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/关于缩略词一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：F 拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF 保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF 保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL peopleF 根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount APV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition CO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your referenceGD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO InformationIMPS Impossible IMP(T Important INCD Include INDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST Interested I/O In stead of IOU I owe you IVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL Model MEMO Memorandum MGR Manger MIN Minimum MKT Market MSG Message NCRY Necessary NLT No later than OBS Observe OBT Obtain ORD Ordinary PAT Patent PC Piece PKG Packing PL People PLS Please POSN Position POSS(BL Possible PROD Product QLTY Quality QUTY Quantity RCV Receive REF Reference REGL Regular REP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC Section SITN Situation STD Standard TEL Telephone TEMP Temporary TGM Telegraph THO ThoughTKS Thanks TRD Trade TRF Traffic TTL Total U You UR Your WK Week WL Will WT Weight XL Extra large 关于字母和图像字母、二、字母、图像 Z 表示"人"people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。