倍数表达法
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倍数表达法是历届高考的热点。当我们要表达甲是乙的几倍时,通常可使用以下句型:
1•倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其它。这种结构又常演变成下列两类:①倍数+as+ma ny+可数
名词复数+as;②倍数+as+much+不可数名词+as。如:
There are seve n times as many people as I expected 是我预料的人数的七倍。
There is five times as much coffee in this glass as in that one.这个杯子里的咖啡是那个杯子里的五倍。2•倍数+形容词(或副词)的比较级+ tha n+其它。如:
The hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅的面积比我们教师大五倍。
3.倍数+the size/height/length/.+of+ 其它。如:
This road is six times the length of that one. 这条路是那条路的六倍长。
4.计量名词+of+名词+be+倍数+that+of+其它。如:
The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one. 新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。
5.倍数+what 从句。如:
The production is now three times what it was ten years ago. 现在的产量是十年前的三倍。
6.倍数+more+名词+tha n+其它。如:
There are nine times more books in his bag than in yours.
他书包里的书比你书包里的书多九倍。
7.其它表达。如:
She's twice/double my age.她的年龄是我的两倍。
The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year.
与去年相比,该单位职工的收入已增加了50% 。
He runs faster than me by three times. 他跑得比我快三倍。
{ 考查方向}
1)倍数在句中的位置一般放在第一个as 前面或比较级前面或名词前面。
2)用times 表示倍数时,一般只限于表示包括基数在内的三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍可以用twice 或double,一倍用once.
【重点归纳】除了我们初中所学的形容词的比较级的用法,本模块我们主要归纳几种句式结构:(一)含倍数的比较句型1.倍数+as+形容词原级+as…。如:
This bridge is three times as long as that one.
His room is twice as big as mine;in other words,mine is only half as big as his.
【特别提醒】
“ as…a中间加入名词的句式:
•咅数+as+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+as…
•咅数+as+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+as…。如:
Last year my brother twice as big a new house as mine.
He has collected more than three times as many stamps as I (have).
I spent twice as much time on my studies as you did.
难点点拨】
该结构的省略:通常省略形容词后面的名词及比较的部分。如:
I have to transfer( 转乘) buses so I spend twice as much (money as others)for the bus every day.
2.倍数+形容词比较级+than…。如:
This street is four times shorter than that one.
Fear of danger is ten thousand times more terrifying than danger itself. 【特别提醒】
倍数+形容词比较级+名词+than -6•如:
He earns five times more money now than he did ten years ago.
There are three times more books in our library than in yours.
3.倍数+the+ 名词(如size,height,weight,length,width,depth 等)+of …飞如:This well is three times the depth of that one.
4.另外,请注意下面两种说法:
( 1)倍数+what 从句。如:
The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.
(2)倍数+that of+ 被比较对象。如:
Airmail charges almost twice or three times that of a normal mail.
(二)其它句式
1."比较级+and+比较级"表示"越来越•••"女口:
Things are getting better and better every day.
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
2."the+比较级…,the+比较级…"表示越…,就越…"。女口:
The more you have, the more you want.
The more a man knows, the less he knows he knows.
【知识扩展】