中学数学英语词汇表

数学英语词汇表

· 一般词汇

•数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)

•公理axiom

•定理theorem

•计算calculation

•运算operation

•证明prove

•假设hypothesis,

hypotheses(pl.)

•命题proposition

· 算术arithmetic

•加plus(prep.), add(v.),

addition(n.)

•被加数augend, summand

•加数addend

•和sum

•减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)

•被减数minuend

•减数subtrahend

•差remainder

•乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)

•被乘数multiplicand, faciend

•乘数multiplicator

•积product

•除divided by(prep.),

divide(v.), division(n.)

•被除数dividend

•除数divisor

•商quotient

•等于equals, is equal to, is

equivalent to

•大于is greater than

•小于is lesser than

•大于等于is equal or greater

than

•小于等于is equal or lesser

than

•运算符operator

•数字digit

•数number

•自然数natural number

•整数integer

•小数decimal

•小数点decimal point

•分数fraction

•分子numerator

•分母denominator

•比ratio

•正positive

•负negative

•零null, zero, nought, nil

•十进制decimal system

•二进制binary system

•十六进制hexadecimal system •权weight, significance

•进位carry

•截尾truncation

•四舍五入round

•下舍入round down

•上舍入round up

•有效数字significant digit

•无效数字insignificant digit · 代数algebra

•公式formula, formulae(pl.)

•单项式monomial

•多项式polynomial,

multinomial

•系数coefficient

•未知数unknown, x-factor,

y-factor, z-factor

•等式，方程式equation

•一次方程simple equation

•二次方程quadratic equation

•三次方程cubic equation

•四次方程quartic equation

•不等式inequation

•阶乘factorial

•对数logarithm

•指数，幂exponent

乘方power

•二次方，平方square

•三次方，立方cube

•四次方the power of four, the fourth power

•n次方the power of n, the nth power

•开方evolution, extraction

•二次方根，平方根square root •三次方根，立方根cube root •四次方根the root of four, the fourth root

•n次方根the root of n, the nth root

•集合aggregate

•元素element

•空集void

•子集subset

•交集intersection

•并集union

•补集complement

•映射mapping

•函数function

•定义域domain, field of

definition

•值域range

•常量constant

•变量variable

•单调性monotonicity

•奇偶性parity

•周期性periodicity

•图象image

•数列，级数series

•微积分calculus

•微分differential

•导数derivative

•极限limit

•无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.) •无穷小infinitesimal

•积分integral

•定积分definite integral

•不定积分indefinite integral •有理数rational number

•无理数irrational number

•实数real number

•虚数imaginary number

•复数complex number

•矩阵matrix

•行列式determinant

· 几何geometry

•点point

•线line

•面plane

•体solid

•线段segment

•射线radial

•平行parallel

•相交intersect

•角angle

•角度degree

•弧度radian

•锐角acute angle

•直角right angle

•钝角obtuse angle

•平角straight angle

•周角perigon

•底base

•边side

•高height

•三角形triangle

•锐角三角形acute triangle

•直角三角形right triangle

•直角边leg

•斜边hypotenuse

•勾股定理Pythagorean

theorem

•钝角三角形obtuse triangle

•不等边三角形scalene triangle

•等腰三角形isosceles triangle

•等边三角形equilateral triangle •四边形quadrilateral

•平行四边形parallelogram

•矩形rectangle

•长length

•宽width

•菱形rhomb, rhombus,

rhombi(pl.), diamond

正方形square