大学英语课本单词1

第一册第一单元A

|@ |<1>reward |vt. |give sth. in return for good and valuable doings |奖赏；回报

| | | |He was rewarded handsomely for his efforts. |他的努力得到了可观的回报。| | | |It is often necessary to reward people for their hard work, if you want them to continue working hard for you. |如果你想要人们继续努力工作，就有必要奖励他们的工作。| | |n. |[C, U] sth. as a return for good and valuable doings |奖赏；回报

| | | |As a reward for passing the exams, she got a new bike from her parents. |因为通过了考试，父母奖励给她一辆新自行车。

| | | |She got no reward for all the hard work she did. |她辛苦的工作并没有得到嘉奖

| |<2>rewarding |a. |giving sb. satisfaction, pleasure, or profit |值得做的，有益的，有意义的

| | | |Doing exercise can be very rewarding for everyone. |锻炼身体对每个人都会有好处。

| | | |She finds her career very rewarding. |她觉得自己的工作很有意义。

| |<3>frustrate |vt. |1. cause sb. to have feelings of disappointment |使沮丧，使灰心

| | | |The lack of evidence in this case is frustrating the police. |警方因案件缺乏证据而感到伤脑筋。

| | | |The difficulties of learning a new language frustrated the students who wanted to use the language right away. |学习一门新语言的困难使那些想立即使用那种语言的学生沮丧不已。

| | | |2. cause the failure of sth. |使挫败，使受挫折

| | | |The bad weather frustrated our hopes of going out. |坏天气使我们打消了外出的念头。

| | | |The police frustrated his attempt to escape. |警方挫败了他逃跑的企图。

| |<4>junior |a. |having a low position, level, or rank |（地位、水平、层次）较低的

| | | |She started work as a junior reporter on a local newspaper before working her way up to higher positions. |她从本地一家报社当初级记者干起，通过努力职位不断上升。

| | | |Students spend six years in elementary education and three years in junior middle school. |学生在小学上六年，初中上三年。

| | |n. |1. [C] sb. who is younger |年少者

| | | |He is my junior by several years. |他比我小几岁。

| | | |She married a man seven years her junior. |她跟一个比自己小7岁的男人结了婚。

| | | |2. [C] sb. of low or lower position |（地位或等级）较低者；晚辈

| | | |She joined the firm a year ago and is now my junior. |她一年前到公司工作，现在是我的下属。

| | | |The senior officer should have been aware of what his juniors were doing. |那位上司早该清楚自己下属的所作所为。

|@ |<5>positive |a. |1. helpful and encouraging in achieving sth. |积极的

| | | |Everyone went to Mary for advice, because Mary was known for having a positive attitude and being able to make other people feel good. |大家都向玛丽讨教，因为众所周知她总是态度积极, 会使大家感觉良好。

| | | |We need to take positive steps to improve the situation of families in poverty. |我们必须采取积极措施改善贫困家庭的处境。

| | | |2. definite; allowing no room for doubt |确实的，明确的

| | | |It seems unlikely to me, but she seemed very positive. |这在我看来是不可能的，但她却非常肯定。

| | | |I'm absolutely positive I haven't made a mistake. |我没有错，这一点我绝对肯定。

| |<6>senior |a. |having a higher position, level, or rank |（地位、水平、层次）较高的| | | |Students leave middle school at the end of their senior year. |学生在中学高年级结束之后离校。

| | | |The delegation consists of senior figures from education and business. |代表团由教育界和工商界的资深人士组成。

| | |n. |1. [C] sb. who is older |较年长者

| | | |Seniors can get a 10% discount in this department store. |老人在该百货店可得到九折的优惠。

| | | |Her husband was nine years her senior. |她丈夫比她大9岁。

| | | |2. [C] sb. of high or higher position |（地位或等级）较高者；长辈

| | | |Only the seniors made the decisions among us. |在我们中间只有年资较高的人才有决定权。

| | | |The three vice ministers are my seniors. |三位副部长都是我的上司。

|@ |<7>former |a. |of an earlier period |在前的，以前的，旧时的

| | | |In former times, people were hanged for stealing in Britain. |以前，在英国小偷被处以绞刑。

| | | |The park has been reduced to half its former size. |公园的规模已被缩减到以前的一半大了。

| | |n. |(the ~) the first of the two people or things just mentioned |前者

| | | |Between small changes and big changes, the former is more likely. |在小变化和大变化两者之中，前者的可能性更大。

| | | |Given the choice between a white T-shirt and a green one, most people would choose the former because green is not popular. |如果让大家选择是要白T恤还是绿T恤，大多数会选择前者，因为绿色不流行。

| |<8>unlike |prep. |not like; different from |不像；和...不同

| | | |He was firm and steady unlike other men she knew. |他坚毅、稳健，跟她认识的其他男人不一样。

| | | |Her recent report is quite unlike her earlier work. |她最近的报告与以前的大不相同。

| |<9>intimidate |vt. |create a feeling of fear |恐吓，威胁