10KV供配电系统设计说明

摘要

随着人们的居住条件的不断改善，人们对小区电力供应的要求越来越高，特别是供电的可靠性和持续性。这就要求在进行供配电系统设计时要结合该小区的规模和规模标准来设计，要既能满足小区的用电负荷，又能保证小区的供电安全及供电可靠性。

本次设计课题容为某小区10KV供配电系统设计。论文的主体结构为：首先论述了课题的意义和设计概况，主要包含此小区供配电系统的设计理论。设计前期根据民用住宅建筑物的负荷计算准则来进行负荷计算，运用了三种负荷计算方法对各类别的用电负荷进行计算和统计，经过分析选择低压集中无功补偿方式，采用并联电容器，使功率因数由0.85提高到0.932，大大降低了设备运行的损耗；再采用标幺值法对短路电流进行运算，选择主要电气设备的型号和参数，灵活将电器设备的原理进行理解及运用，根据数据表，选择了合适的电缆型号和截面。后期则从防直击雷和接地系统的角度，对建筑物进行防雷保护的设计，及图纸的绘制。

关键词：供配电系统；短路计算；无功补偿

ABSTRACT

With the continuous improvement of people's living conditions, people's demand for residential power supply is increasingly high, especially the reliability and continuity of power supply. This requires the design of power supply and distribution system to combine the size and scale of the district standards to design, to both meet the district's electricity load, but also to ensure that the district's power supply security and reliability.

This design topic for the residential area 10KV power supply and distribution design. The main structure of the thesis is as follows: firstly, the significance and the design of the project are discussed, including the design theory of the power supply and distribution system. Preliminary design according to the load of residential buildings calculation criterion for load calculation, using three kinds of calculation methods of all kinds of used electricity load calculation and statistics, and selection of shunt capacitor of low voltage reactive power compensation, the power factor increased from 0.85 to 0.932, greatly reduces the loss of equipment operation; by p.u. method of short-circuit current calculation, for power transformer selection and electrical equipment models and the parameters identified, flexible understanding and application of the principle of electrical equipment, according to the data table, select the appropriate cable type, and the cross section. From the late direct lightning protection and grounding system point of view, design of lightning protection of buildings, drawing and drawing.

Key words ：power supply and distribution system；short circuit

calculation；reactive power compensation

目录

1 前言 (1)

1.1 课题意义 (1)

1.2 设计概况 (1)

1.3 设计围 (1)

1.4 设计原则及标准 (1)

1.5 设计思路 (2)

2 住宅小区的负荷计算 (3)

2.1 负荷的分类 (3)

2.3 负荷计算准则 (3)

2.3 电气负荷计算 (4)

2.3.1 计算的主要方法 (4)

2.3.2 其它负荷计算方法 (5)

2.3.3 详细负荷计算 (6)

2.4 系统负荷计算的统计结果 (10)

3 无功功率补偿及其计算 (13)

3.1 无功补偿的必要 (13)

3.2 无功补偿装置的选择 (13)

3.3 并联电容器无功功率补偿的计算方法 (13)

4 短路电流计算 (16)

4.1 短路电流计算的目的 (16)

4.2 实用计算时的基本假设 (16)