国际会议发言
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国际会议发言
篇一：国际学术会议发言稿
1.Prologue
Thankyou,Mr.Chairman,foryourgraciousintroduction.Iamhonored tohavethechancetoaddressyouonthisspecialoccasion.Thetopicof mypaperis“TransactionCostandFarmers’ChoiceofAgriculturalProductsSelling”.Theoutlineofmytalkasf ollows.ThefirstpartIwanttointroducethebackgroundofthisresea rch.Thesecondpartsuggestsasimplehouseholdchoicemodel.Thethi rdpartcoversthedatausedinthisresearch.Andthen,weintroduceth eempiricalresults.Finally,asimpleconclusionisgiven.
2.Introduction
Well,let’
smoveonthefirstpartofthistopic.Themotivationofthisworkliket his.Institutionaleconomicspositsthatagentsmakingdecisionson differenttypesoftransactionsdosoinacostlyway.Forexample,far mersdecidingsellaparticularcroptowhombasetheirdecisionsnoto nlyonthepricetheyexpecttoreceiveineachmarketchoicebutalsoon additionalcostsrelatedtotransactinginthesemarkets.
Iwanttouseapicturetoillustrateit.Forexample,givensomemarket channels,farmers’choicescanberegardedasequilibriumbetweenthesurplusandtheadd itionalcoststhatrelatedtotransacting.Especiallyindeveloping countries,high-valuecropproducersfullyparticipateinthemarke tandthetransactioncosthasbeenthehardconstrainttofarmers.Fur thermore,Farmers’marketchoicescanbetakenasachoicedilemmaoftransactioncostand
productionsurplus.Consequently,thescientificquestionofthisr esearchishowtransactioncostaffectsplanters’choices.
3.Methodology
Let’
smovetothetheoreticalmodelofourresearch.Considerahouseholdm odelinonerotation.Instage1,famerηneedstoallocatetheinputfactors.Thisprocesscanqbesetintoafun ctionlikethisQ??QCηmeanshowfunctionstodescribethisquestion.Thefirstequation,c? ?p,z?
muchagriculturalproductsusedbyfamersthemselves.pimpliesthep ricethecagriculturalproduct,z?suggeststhefluctuationofC η.Thesecondequationq??Q??c?,qηmeanstheamountofagriculturalproductstransactedin
q?n?market.Thethirdequationi?q?impliestheamountexchangedinn thtime.
InStage3,farmerswilldecidetoselltheproductstowhom.Chanelj’smarketpriceis
bdecidedbyanexogenesispriceandfarmers’negotiatingpower.pij?p*
j?Bshowsfivetranscripts,atranscriptmeansalistofcourse.Uisou rtargetstudentwhoneedrecommendations.Figureb)illustrateshow CFwork.Assumesimilarusersshareatleasttwocommoncoursesandhav esimilarrating,thenu3andu4aresimilartou,andtheircommoncours ehwillbearecommendationtou.Figurec)presentshowprecedencemin ingwork.Forthisexample,weconsiderpatternswhereonecoursefoll
owsanother.Supposepatternsoccouratleasttwotranscripsarereco gnizedassignificant,thentorefertocoursesinD.AtranscriptTisa sequenceofcourses,e.g.,a->b->c->d.ThenthedefinitionofTop-kR ecommendationProblemisasfollows.GivenasettranscriptsoverDfo rnusers,theextratranscriptTofatargetuser,andadesirednumbero frecommendationsk,ourgoalisto:
1.Assignascorescore:thenumberoftranscriptsthatcontainx. gis10andgandg.
Asweknow,thetargetuserusuallyhastakenalistofcoursesratherth anacourse,soweneedto
﹁
extentourprobabilitycalculationformulars.Forexample,suppose
T={a,b},Pr[xT]the
probabilityxoccurswithouteitheranaorbprecedingit;Pr[x﹁