虚拟语气和强调句讲解及练习
虚拟语气
虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，它用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或是与事实相反的一种假设。虚拟语气考察的常常是习惯用法、特别的句型以及和情态动词的使用结合起来。
考点1 一般虚拟条件句
一般虚拟条件状语从句中所表达动作或者状态是与事实不符，或是不可能实现的，纯粹是一种假设或者愿望而已。这类句子主要是由if 引导的条件状语从句。
1. 与过去事实相反
从句的谓语动词：Had done + 过去分词主句的谓语动词：should / would / could/ might have 过去分词
If he had been here yesterday, he would have met Tom.
2 与现在事实相反
从句的谓语动词：过去式（be 过去式常用were）
主句的谓语动词：should / would / could/ might 动词原形
If he were here, he would be angry.
3 与将来的事实相反
从句的谓语动词
1）过去式（be 过去式常用were）
2）should+动词原形
3）were to +动词原形
主句的谓语动词：should /would / could/ might have 过去分词
If it were to rain tomorrow, we could not go out for a picnic.
考点2 含蓄的虚拟条件句
在句子中非真实情况没有直接表达出来，而是通过上下文等其他表达方式反映出来。
1. Without your help, I would not have succeeded.
2. It is raining so heavily. Otherwise, we could go out to have a picnic.
3. But for your help, I could not have finished the work on time.
4. Alone, she would have been terrified.
考点3 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用
主要是从句中有表示建议、命令、要求的词如Propose, suggest, advise, order, insist, request等词以及这些词的名词。
1宾语从句中
1. I suggest that he (should) tell the news to his father.
2 表语从句中
My suggestion is that he (should) tell the news to his father.
3主语从句中
What I suggested was that he (should) tell the news to his father.
It is suggested / requested ….that he shoul d tell the news to his father
It is important / necessary / strange that he (should ) tell the news to his father.
4 同位语从句中
My suggestion that he (should) tell the news to his father was not taken by him.
考点4特别句型
以下这些句型的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气，从句部分的谓语动词时态要往前推一个时态。
1. wish that +clause
I wish I were on a holiday now.
2. would rather + clause
I would rather that you finished the report tomorrow.
3. if only + clause
If only it had not rained yesterday.
4. As if (though）+clause
It seems as if it were winter now, it is so cold.
5. It is (high)time +clause
It is high time that we began our speech.
考点5虚拟条件句的倒装结构
在以下三个虚拟条件句中，可以把if省略，将were, should 或had提前，形成倒装。
从句部分主句部分
1 If were to do , should/ would / could/ might do …
Eg. If he were to leave, I would leave as well.
-----Were he to leave, I would leave as well.
2 If should do …., should/ would / could/ might do ….
Eg. If it should rain, we would have to cancel the meeting.
-----Should it rain, we would have to cancel the meeting.
3. If had do ne….. would / should / could / might have done….
Eg. If you had bought the bike, you would have brought it here today.
----Had you bought the bike, you would have brought it here today.
考点6 条件从句的动词和主句的动词的时态不一致性
1 从句表过去，主句表现在
If they had started in the early morning yesterday, they would be here now.
2 从句表将来，主句表过去
If I were not to make a preparation for my experiment tomorrow afternoon, I would have gone to see the film with you last night.
3 从句表过去，主句表将来
If we hadn’t made the arrangements in advance, we shouldn’t dare to go there directly.
4 从句表将来，主句表现在
If we shouldn’t have an exam this afternoon, I would go to play football
虚拟语气练习
1.If I ____ more time, I could have finished the work better.
A. have been given
B. had been given
C. have given
D. had given
2.If I ___ wings like a bird, I ____ be able to fly in the sky.
A. have; should
B. had; would
C. would have; will
D. had; can
3.He’ll be busy this afternoon. If he ___ free, he ___ to the cinema with you.
A. were to be; might go
B. am going to be; will go
C. will be; might have gone
D. is; will go
4.I don’t know anything about it. If I ___ I ____you.
A. know; will tell
B. knew; would have told
C. knew; would tell
D. had known; would tell
5.Tom was late for school. Otherwise, he ___ .
A. wouldn’t have been punished
B. wouldn’t be punished
C. hadn’t been punished
D. wasn’t punished
6.Our monitor suggested that the news ____ at once.
A. announce
B. would announce
C. be announced
D. should announce
7.It is necessary that we ___ morning exercises every day.
A. should do
B. shall do
C. may do
D. did
8.Your advice that he ______ is reasonable.
A. will not smoke
B. isn’t going to smoke
C. doesn’t smoke
D. not smoke
9.____ today, he would get there on Friday.
A. Was he leaving
B. If he leaves
C. Were he to leave
D. If he would leave
10.But for your help, I ____ the exam.
A. would have helped
B. wouldn’t have passed
C. will pass
D. had passed
11.It is time you ___ up. Breakfast is ready.
A. get
B. got
C. gets
D. would have got
12.Hadn’t my car broken down, I ____ the rain.
A. would have caught
B. might catch
C. could catch
D. had caught
13.I would rather you ____ to the meeting yesterday.
A. hadn’t come
B. didn’t come
C. come
D. wouldn’t come
14. The commander ordered that all the soldiers _____ ready for the battle.
A. get
B. got
C. would get
D. getting
15.Nothing ____ him even if he had taken effective medicine.
A. can have saved
B. could save
C. could have saved
D. saved
16. I wish I ______ my uncle yesterday.
A. met
B. have met
C. would meet
D. had met
17. ______ today, he would get there on Friday.
A. Was he leaving
B. If he leaves
C. Were he to leave
D. If he is leaving
18. He ordered that no smoking ______ here.
A. was allowed
B. be allowed
C. would be allowed
D. had been allowed
19. I do ______ I could give you a hand.
A. hope
B. suggest
C. think
D. wish
20. It is about time that _____ your store.
A. close
B. closed
C. have closed
D. had closed
21. If my lawyer _______ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented
B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent
D. were; would have prevented
22. Without his help, we _____ such rapid progress.
A. don’t make
B. would not make
C. didn’t make
D. would not have made
23. I have heard that Tom wrote a letter to the president, but Mary insisted that John _____it.
A. did
B. had done
C. do
D. would do
24 We would have arrived sooner except we ____ a flat tire.
A. had
B. would have
C. have not
D. have
强调句
一、基本构成形式：It is/ was +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分
e.g.: I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.
→It was I who/ that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.
(强调是我，不是别人)
→It was him who/ that I met in the street yesterday afternoon.
( 强调我遇见的是他，不是别人)
→It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.
( 强调是在大街上，不是在别的地方，强调的是地点，但不用where)
→It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street
(强调是昨天下午，不是在别的时候, 强调的是时间，但不用when)
二、强调句的一般疑问句：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分
三、强调句的特殊疑问句：
What/ When/ Where/ Who/ How……is/ was it + who/ that+原句剩余部分
1). Who was it that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?
→Tell me who it was that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?
四.do, did, does 用于强调谓语动词，加强语气
1). He is a good student.--> He does be a good student
2). He helped us yesterday. →He did help us yesterday.
3). Be careful! →Do be careful
4). He has finished his work----He does have finished his work.
强调句练习
1. It was not until he took off his dark hat I realized he was my son.
A. that
B. after
C. before
D. when
2. It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
A. which
B. why
C. that
D. how
3. It was not until she had arrived home her appointment with the doctor.
A. did she remember
B. that she remembered
C. when she remembered
D. had she remembered
4. --- was it that the road accident happened yesterday?
--- In front of the market.
A. When
B. Where
C. Which
D. How
5. Was it in 1982 you were in college you got to know her?
A. when; that
B. that; that
C. when; when
D. that; when
6. It is the girl often me with my lessons.
A. that; help
B. who; help
C. whom; helps
D. who; helps
7. It was at the gate of our school we gave the visitors a warm welcome.
A. where
B. there
C. that
D. when
8. It was three years ago I came to this school.
A. when
B. that
C. the time
D. on which
9. It was the water had risen that they could not cross the river.
A. since
B. as
C. that
D. because
10. at a theatre Abraham Lincoln was shot?
A. It was; that
B. Is it; where
C. Was it; that
D. Was it; where
高中英语虚拟语气详解和练习(含答案解析)
虚拟语气 第一节语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气（Indicative Mood），祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 第二节虚拟语气的概念 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 第三节虚拟语气在条件句中 １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． ２．在条件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式． If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
第四节虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用 一、虚拟语气在主语从句中 A.在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ”中，表示某事 重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形（should 可以省略）例如： It’s important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 这类的形容词还有advisable（可取的），appropriate（适当的），compulsary（必须的），crucial （关键的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），important(重要的)，possible（可能的），preferable（更好的），probable（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（急迫的），vital（极为重要的）等。 B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/. that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型，表示愿望，建议，请求等主观意愿等。 It is demanded that we should work out a plan. C. 在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advice that…..句型中从句也常用(should )+动词原型,表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 二、用于宾语从句 用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, suggest, order, command, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。 The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意． He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means. 他坚持要求我们大家想尽办法按时去那里。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱． 三、用于表语从句和同位语从句 在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /desire/ recommendation/resolution 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形” should可以省略． My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你要尽可能经常地练习说英语。 The suggestion that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 每个人都接受由市长颁发奖金这一建议。 第五节虚拟语气在其他从句中 1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should 不能省略．
虚拟语气讲解和专项练习题
虚拟语气 一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式： 条件状语从句主句 与现在事实相反一般过去时(be用were) should /would/could/might +动词原形与过去事实相反had + 过去分词would/should/could/might +have done 与将来事实相反一般过去时(be用were) should + 动词原形 were to + 动词原形 would/should/cold/might + 动词原形 1.表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果 如：If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you. 2.表示与过去的事实相反的假设和结果 如：If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. 3.表示与将来事实相反的假设和结果 如: If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. 4.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时（表示错综 时间的虚拟语气），动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如： If I were you, I would not have missed the film last night. If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.(从句---用过去,主句---用现在) 5. 虚拟条件句可以转换成下列形式: (1)用介词代替条件状语从句, 常见的介词有with , without, but for(若/要不是) 有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。 如: Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things. But for your help (If it hadn’t been for your help) I couldn’t have do ne it. What would you do with a million dollars (if you had a million dollars?) (2) 假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。 如: I was busy that day.Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, but I was ill. (If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.) 我本来该完成这项工作的，但我生病了。 6. If虚拟条件句的倒装 省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可 把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。 如: Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. Had he taken my advice(If he had taken…), he would have succeeded. 二．虚拟语气用于名词性从句①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示 现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望， 从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中 的谓语动词用“had +过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。如： I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird. ②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词insist、command、order、suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、request、等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如:She suggested we (should)leave here at once. The doctor ordered she (should) be operated. 2.虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。 作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should） + 动词原形”。如：His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful. My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars. 3.虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。 在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、 不相信、理应如此等。如： It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless. It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon. 注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：It is pity that you can’t swim. 三．虚拟语气在其它场合的运用 1.虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：He did it as if he were an expert. Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem. 2. 虚拟语气用于定语从句中。 这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that) … ”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在)该……”。如：It’s time that I picked up my daughter.It’s high time we should go / went to school. 3. 虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。如： If only I were a bird. If only I had taken his advice. 4. 在一些习惯表达中如：would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型。从句 的谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。其意为“宁愿……,还是……好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。 如：I’d rather you left right away.
高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解大全
高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解 虚拟语气 什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。 虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。 大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。紧跟小简老师的步伐哦！ 一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do
If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示与将来事实相反的情况
虚拟语气练习题及答案解析
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解析虚拟语气练习题(简单含答案和解释)
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6. If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7. I wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone 8. Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel? A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you 9. I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything. A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known 10. _____ the fog, we should have reached our school. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for 11. If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport.
初中虚拟语气讲解及专项练习与标准答案(带解析)
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虚拟语气详解
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虚拟语气讲解与练习
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初中虚拟语气讲解及专项练习与答案(带解析)
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