2018高考短文改错试题及答案详解

2018高考短文改错试题及答案详解
【2018·全国卷I】
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
【答案】During my last winter holiday, I went to Λ countryside with my father to
the
visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were
found
living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I
other
went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken . They also there chickens
had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned
加in/ where
quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our
selling happy
trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
and
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻，由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。

1. countryside前加the 考查冠词遗漏。

句意：去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。

表示“乡下；农村”的country或countryside前面要带定冠词the。

2. find →found考查动词时态误用。

句意：我发现那儿有了变化。

根据文章中的During my last winter holiday可知，事件发生在过去，故用一般过去时，将find改成found。

3.another →other 考查形容词的误用。

句意：他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。

another作定语要修饰单数名词，而句中“其他牲畜”与dogs, ducks相对应，是个复数含义，故将another改成other。

4. here →there 考查行文逻辑错误。

句意：去年冬天我又一次去了那里。

故将here改成there。

5. chicken →chickens 考查名词复数误用。

句意：他们拥有一所大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。

根据前文的dozens of可知，其后用名词复数形式。

6. which →where 或which前加in 考查定语从句引导词误用。

句意：他们还有一个养鱼的小池塘。

本句中含有一个定语从句，修饰pond。

定语从句中缺少的是地点状语，因此用in which或where。

7. sell →selling 考查动名词误用。

句意：去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。

此处介词by后用动名词作宾语，故用selling。

8. happily →happy 考查形容词、副词误用。

句意：他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高
兴。

此处felt是连系动词，接形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。

9. 去掉every前的for考查介词的多余。

句意：行程快要结束的时候我告诉爸爸我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。

时间名词有every，each，last，next，this, that等词修饰时，其前不用介词,故删除for。

10. but →and考查并列连词的误用。

根据句意，此处是并列关系而非转折关系，故将but 改成and。

【2018·全国卷II】
When I was little, Frida y’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
【答案】
When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play
Friday
card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no
sorts a
matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They
watch
would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still IΛunwilling to play me was
the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered with were
high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very
when
useful later in my life.
解析：本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了作者小时候每周五晚与父母一起玩纸牌游戏，虽然有时候不情愿，但长大后发现受益匪浅。

1. Friday’s→Friday 考查名词作定语的误用。

句意：我小的时候，周五的晚上是我们家的游戏之夜。

Friday作定语修饰night。

作定语的名词往往表示被修饰名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等，在本句中表时间；而名词所有格作定语则强调对被修饰的词的所有（权）关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。

故F riday’s 改为Friday。

2. sort→sorts考查名词单复数误用。

句意：晚饭后，我们会在客厅里玩各种纸牌游戏。

sort 是可数名词，被all修饰用其复数形式。

3. the→a考查冠词的误用。

句意：作为一个孩子，我喜欢看动画片……a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。

根据句意，应该把the改为a。

4.watching →watch考查动词不定式的误用。

句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片），我父母不让我看。

此处是一个动词不定式短语作asked的宾语，故把watching改为watch。

5.去掉to 考查情态动词的误用。

句意：他们会对我说玩纸牌游戏会有助于我的大脑。

would 是情态动词, 后跟动词原形，故把to删除。

→me考查代词指代不一致。

根据句意，是父母对“我”说，而不是“我们”，故把us改
为me。

7. unwilling前加was 考查谓语动词及固定搭配错误。

句意：有时候我还是不愿意和他们玩游戏。

be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意做某事，不情愿做某事”。

句中谓语部分漏掉了be 动词，又因为本文介绍的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时，所以在unwilling前加was。

8. for→with考查介词误用。

句意显示的不是“为他们玩游戏”，而是“和他们一起玩游戏”，故把for改为with。

9. are→were考查时态不一致。

句意：直到升入高中我才意识到父母是多么正确。

根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时，故把are改为were。

10. where→when 考查宾语从句的连接词的误用。

句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。

根据句意，此处宾语从句连接词并非表示地点状语，而是时间状语，故把where改为when。

【2018·全国卷III】
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.
【答案】
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent,
begun
wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us
waiting or
were confident and eager Λtake part in the class activity, others were nervous and
to
anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front
my/ the
of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, large
"The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and
includes
mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.
mistakes Immediately
【解析】本文为记叙文。

文章主要介绍了写作课上作者克服恐惧心理主动回答问题的故事。

1. begin →begun考查时态构成。

句意：那是周一上午，写作课已经开始了。

根据上句时态（was）可知，本句时态是过去完成时。

过去完成时的构成是had done，所以begin要改为begun。

2.wait →waiting考查非谓语动词误用。

句意：每个人都沉默着，等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的一段（文章）。

根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且句中没有连词; 主语Everyone与wait是主动关系，所以要用其非谓语形式waiting，作伴随状语。

3.and →or 考查并列连词误用。

根据常识和句意，老师一次只能叫一个人朗读，男女两者
是选择关系，故把and改为or。

4. take前加to 考查固定搭配错误。

句意：我们中有些人很自信，急于参加课堂活动，也有些人紧张焦虑。

be eager to do sth渴望做某事，故eager后加to。

5.myself →my / the 考查代词误用。

句意：我已经完成了自己的作业，但我有点害羞。

表示“我的”，作定语用my；而myself是反身代词，不作定语。

定冠词the也可以，特指当时的课堂作业。

6. 去掉that 考查固定结构错误。

句意：我害怕在一大群人面前讲话。

be afraid to do害怕做某事，所以that为多余，删掉。

rger →large考查形容词比较等级误用。

根据上下文看，这里没有比较对象，故把larger 改为large。

8.include →includes 考查主谓一致错误。

句意：教室是一个学习的地方，而学习包括学习课本和犯错。

that指代learning作主语，是单数主语，故谓语动词用第三人称单数includes。

9. mistake →mistakes 考查名词单复数误用。

根据句意，错误不可能是一个，所以要用mistake的复数。

10.Immediate →Immediately考查形容词、副词误用。

句意：我立刻举起了手。

此处要用副词在句中做状语修饰整个句子，故把immediate改为immediately。