情态动词(讲义及答案)

情态动词（讲义）

一、can, could, may, might 表示请求许可

1.区别

Can I take the book away

Could I take the book away

May I take the book away

Might I take the book away

语气的委婉程度从高到低为 can, could, may, might。

2.can, could, may, might 表示请求许可时的回答。

—Can you give me another chance

—Yes, I can. No, I can’t.

—Could I look at your pictures

—Yes, of course you ./—I am sorry you .

#

用c ould 提问，表示“能……吗”，若表示同意用 can，不同意用c an ’t，注意不用 could 来回答。

—May I speak to you for a moment in private, please

May 表示请求许可时，常常与第一人称 I 连用，构成“May I…”句式，表示“我可以……吗”

肯定回答用 Yes, you may. / Yes, please. / Yes, of course.

否定回答用N o, you can’t. / No, you mustn

’t. ( )—May I smoke here

—, you . It can be dangerous.

A.Yes; can

B. No; can’t

C. Yes; may

D. No; needn’t

Might I come in

Might I borrow some money

might 用于礼貌的询问是否能做某事，常出现在口语中，用法稍显过时。

肯定回答通常用 may，否定回答可以用 can’t 或者 mustn’t。

练习：

~

( )—Can I get you a drink—. I am not thirsty.

A.That’s very nice of you

B. No, you don’t have to

C. Yes, please

D. With pleasure ( )—May I leave the classroom now 1

—No, you . You shouldn’t le ave until the bell rings.

A. may not

B. can’t

C. needn’t

D. couldn’t

( )—you pass me a pen I’d like to write down the telephone number.

A. Need

B. Could

C. Must

D. Should ( )—Could I use your eraser for a while

—Yes, of course you .

A. could

B. will

C. can

D. should

二、情态动词和短语情态动词

1.情态动词

need

The little girl needs to get some sleep.

I needed two more days to finish the

work. Do you need to have some coffee

need 作实义动词，有人称，时态的变化。接动词时，用动词不定式。

—Need I come here before eight tomorrow morning

—No, you needn’t.

need 作情态动词时，常用于否定句和疑问句中。判

断下列句子中的 need 属于实义动词还是情态动词

Tom needs to have a rest after a day’s working.

Need I pay the dishes now

He didn’t need to go the hospital.

He needn’t have gone to hospital—he only had a cold.

dare v. 敢于

I would never dare to steal things from

stores. Do you dare to tell her what I said

I didn’t dare to look at him.

I daren’t tell my mother the truth.

dare 可以做实义动词，后面接动词不定式（口语中 to 可以省略）也可做情态动词，常用于否定句和疑问句。

shall

We shall be away next week.

I shall be in Henan next Friday.

I/we shall，用于表示未来要做的事。

Shall I open the window

Shall we meet at six, OK

What shall I make for dinner