高中英语 人教版 必修三 第四单元 基础知识点

Unit 4

system系统，体系

solar system 太阳系government systems 政府体系

interest vt. 使…感兴趣

常用：Sth. interest Sb. interested adj. 感兴趣的interesting adj. 令人感兴趣的

eg: What he said interested all of us.

We are interested in the interesting story.

1.根据一个普遍接受的理论，

宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这

次大爆炸把物质射向四面八

方。（背过）

a widely accepted theory,

the universe started

with…. throw matter in

all directions.

世界上独一无二的东西，前面加定冠词the, 例如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the university, the world.但是名词前若有adj修饰，一般用不定冠词a/an。例如：There is a big moon in the sky.

Start/begin with 以…开始；to start/begin with首先=first of all

wide adj.&adv. Wide做副词表示具体的宽 He lay here, with his eyes wide open./ wide awake.

widely adv. 修饰抽象的广泛的 The book is widely read.Direction表示方向常和in,

from搭配。从某个方向用from,

朝某方向用in.

in all directions 四面八方

in the opposite direction 朝

相反的方向

例如：The woman went to the

direction from which she

came.这个女士走向她来的方

向。

to do一般做目的状语，但有时

候也可做结果状语，见课本第一

段最后。Only to do结果发现

常表示意料之外的结果。例如：

She went to the supermarket,

only to find/only to be told

that all the salt had been

sold out.

2.be to do用法，自己列出。

settle定居；解决；停留，落

下；使某人坐在某个位置；精神

的镇静例如：

We finally settled in Jinan.

定居

The question is hard to

settle/solve. 解决

The bird settled on the

branch. 停留在树枝上

My father settled himself in

the sofa after work. 坐在沙

发上

The medicine can help to

settle your nerves. 镇静神经

st VI持续维持其后的介

词for经常省略。

The meeting lasted (for)

three hours.

4.in time①及时 in time

to do/ in time for

②最终，迟早。相当于sooner or

later ,eventually

例如：

We were just in time for the

flight.= We were just in time

to catch the plane.

Don’t worry. I am sure things

will get better in time.

辨析：in time/ on time/ at a

time(一次，每次)/at one

time(曾经，一度)/ at

times=sometimes(有时候)

5.atmosphere ①大气层，

经常与定冠词联用the

atmosphere ②气氛，氛围

例如：

An atmosphere of tension(紧

张) filled Japan after the

earthquake.

The atmosphere over dinner

was warm and friendly.

6.As the earth cooled down,

…..as在本句中为连词，翻译

为：随着。可以和with复合结

构互换。例如：

As time goes by, we are older

and older. = With time going

by,…

11. unlike prep. 不像

Unlike his brother, he is diligent.

不像弟弟，他很勤奋。

It is unlike him to be late. 迟到可不像他的风格。

I dislike eating fish. I like eating meat. 我不喜欢吃鱼，我喜欢吃肉。

What is the weather like? 天气怎么样？

He is likely to come.= it is likely that he will come. 他很可能回来。

12.be fundamental to

对…至关重要，基础fundamental differences 根本的不同

13.make it possible for life

to develop 为make+宾语+

宾补的结构在此it形式宾

语，不定式为真正的宾语。

宾补可以有多种成分充当，

但不能加ing形式。例如：We made him president.

我们选他做总统。

We should try our best to make the room clean.

I spoke aloud to make myself heard. 让我自己被听见。

The mother made the boy do his work all day.被动 The boy was made to do his work all day.

14.multiply繁殖，增加，乘

例如：

Cells multiply by means of

cell division.

The answer is 30 if you

multiply 6 and 5.

Your effort will multiply

your chance of success.

15. call A B 叫...A 是B

The boy called Jim is a kind

boy.

I lived in what you called

Greece.

16. for the first time第一

次，为介词短语，一般做时间状

语。

The first time为连词，连

接句子

It is /was the first time

that sb. have/had done sth.

例如：

Today, I climbed on the Qianfo

Mount for the first time.

I fell in love with the car the

first time I saw it.

It is the first time that I

have visited the city.

lay eggs 下蛋

lie – lied---lied 撒谎

lie—lay—lain 躺，位于

lay—laid—laid 放置，下蛋

He laid the books on the shelf.

他把书放在书架上了。

The hen lays an egg a day. 这

只母鸡每天下一个蛋。

He lied to his mother. 他对

母亲撒谎了。

18. exist

不及物动词，不用于被动语态，

不用于进行时态。

名词：existence/

come into existence =come

into being 形成，产生

例如：

There exist warm-hearted

people everywhere.

We can’t exist without water.

No one knows when the earth

came into existence.

19. remain vi&link-v 保持，

维持，仍然，剩余

the remaining money 剩下的蛋

糕

I am sorry. My work remains

unfinished.

After many years, he remains

single./ he remains a

teacher.

The problem remains to be

solved.

It remains to be see whether

we can finish it in time.

20. spread伸展；延伸；（消

息，火）等蔓延，传播

The news spread through the

school quickly.

The mother spread a cloth on

the table.

The fire spread quickly, but

all the people were able to

escape.

21. thus adv相当于therefore

因此

The universities have

expanded, thus allowing more

students to get a higher

education.

He forgot to turn on the