重点情态动词高考考点及用法总结

重点情态动词高考考点及用法总结

发表时间：2009-07-15T14:46:07.390Z 来源：《新科教》2009年第6期供稿作者：朱风华[导读] 使用通俗易懂的例句分类介绍、讲解情态动词的用法及高考考点。

重点情态动词高考考点及用法总结朱风华（通辽第五中学，内蒙古通辽， 028000）摘要：使用通俗易懂的例句分类介绍、讲解情态动词的用法及高考考点。并将每一个情态动词的用法加以分类、总结；及对具有相同或类似用法的情态动词加以区分。

关键词：推测（guess）；可能性(possibility)；请求(request)；虚拟语气(the subjunctive wood)

情态动词是高考必考的一个重要语法项目，每年高考必有一道考查情态动词的试题。高考的热点集中在：推测和可能性；必要性；请求、允诺、允许、及情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用。因此学习情态动词的意义和用法对学生来说就显得优为重要。为了让学生从总体上把握情态动词的用法和特征，结合自己多年的教学经验，现将其用法一一归纳如下。

一、shall的用法

1、用于一﹑三人称的疑问句，表示请求许可或征求对方意见。（考点）

e.g. Shall we go to the theater tonight?

Shall he come to see you?

2、用于二﹑三人称的陈述句表示允诺、决心﹑命令、警告、或威胁及颁布法律法规时（考点）。

e.g. You shall get the answer tomorrow.（允诺）

Then you shall come.（命令）

Nothing shall stop us from carrying out our plan.（决心） He shall be sorry for it one day.（警告）

It has been announced that students shall remain in their seats until all the papers has been collected.(颁布规定) Passenger shall not talk with the driver when the bus is moving.

二、will 的用法

1、用于第二人称的疑问句中表请求。（是否要…?/要…吗?）

e.g．Will you come with us?

2、在陈述句中表意志﹑意愿；无人称限制（考点）

e.g. I will never talk about that again.

I will do my best to help you.

3、表习惯﹑经常性﹑倾向性的动作（考点）

e.g. Fish will die without water.(倾向性)

Oil and water will not mix.

He will sit for hours reading(经常性、习惯性)

4. 表可能性，用于肯定句；意思为“大概、很可能”（此用法不常用）

e.g. This will be the house (that) you are looking for

That will be the postman at the door.

三、would的用法

1、用于提出请求，同will但语气委婉。

e.g. Would you like to have a cup of tea?

Would you mind taking part?

2、表过去的习惯、反复发生的动作或倾向性(从前常)，而used to 表示过去常常干某事而现在不做了（考点）

e.g. When I was a child ,I would often go skiing.

We would stay up all night talking about our future.

We used to live in countryside.

That window wouldn't open.（倾向性）

3、用于肯定句：表推测、可能性。并不一定表过去；而表语气较will委婉 (似乎、可能)

e.g. That would be the book you are looking for.

四、can/could/be able to的用法(考点)

1、表能力（1）：can 表现在或一般的能力（即无论什么时候想做就能做到的能力）可与be able to互换。但can更常用。当主语是物时常用 can.

e.g. he can swim.

I don't care for money, because money can't buy me love.

（2）：could 表过去的一般的能力（可与be able to 互换） e.g. he can't sing now ,but he could when he was young. She could /was able to sing like an angel ,when she was a child.

（3）：表过去有能力并且成功地做了某事用be able to不用can e.g. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.

（4）：be able to 有将来、完成等其他形式；而can没有 e.g. We shall be able to finish the work tomorrow.

I haven't been able to answer his letter.

2、表推测 (1): can/could用于肯定句表推测或可能性；指客观或理论上的可能性，实际上并不一定发生。（could 不表过去，只表语气上弱于can）

e.g. Everyone can make a mistake.

Accident can happen on such rainy days. It could be better to stay here. He could be on his way home.

(2): 用于否定和疑问句；表可能会或不可能

e.g. Could he be at home now? He can't be out；the light in his room is still on. You can't have seen Bob at the meeting yesterday; he has been on holiday in Pairs for a week. Can/could + do 表对现在或将来事情的推测Can/could have done 表对过去事情的推测

(3): could have done 用于肯定句表过去有能力做什么而并未做

e.g. I could have worked out the problem , but I didn't.

3、表请求、许可 can/could用于疑问句表请求许可，Could比can语气更委婉，回答时不能用could而要用can.

e.g. ——- Could I smoke here?

——- Yes, you can. / No, you can't.

4、表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中

e.g. How can/could you be so careless!

He couldn't /can't be over fifty. Can this be true ?

5、can 的其它用法 (1)：cannot…too/enough 表示“无论怎么......也不过分，越……越好”

e.g. You cannot be too careful. You cannot remember enough English words.

(2)：cannot but +do sth .表示“不得不，只好”。

e.g. I cannot but admire your bravery.

I could not but choose to go.